• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EST 08:12
CET 14:12
KST 22:12
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
TL.net Map Contest #21: Winners11Intel X Team Liquid Seoul event: Showmatches and Meet the Pros10[ASL20] Finals Preview: Arrival13TL.net Map Contest #21: Voting12[ASL20] Ro4 Preview: Descent11
Community News
StarCraft, SC2, HotS, WC3, Returning to Blizzcon!45$5,000+ WardiTV 2025 Championship7[BSL21] RO32 Group Stage4Weekly Cups (Oct 26-Nov 2): Liquid, Clem, Solar win; LAN in Philly2Weekly Cups (Oct 20-26): MaxPax, Clem, Creator win10
StarCraft 2
General
Mech is the composition that needs teleportation t TL.net Map Contest #21: Winners StarCraft, SC2, HotS, WC3, Returning to Blizzcon! RotterdaM "Serral is the GOAT, and it's not close" Weekly Cups (Oct 20-26): MaxPax, Clem, Creator win
Tourneys
Constellation Cup - Main Event - Stellar Fest Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament $5,000+ WardiTV 2025 Championship Merivale 8 Open - LAN - Stellar Fest Sea Duckling Open (Global, Bronze-Diamond)
Strategy
Custom Maps
Map Editor closed ?
External Content
Mutation # 499 Chilling Adaptation Mutation # 498 Wheel of Misfortune|Cradle of Death Mutation # 497 Battle Haredened Mutation # 496 Endless Infection
Brood War
General
FlaSh on: Biggest Problem With SnOw's Playstyle BW General Discussion [ASL20] Ask the mapmakers — Drop your questions BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/ Where's CardinalAllin/Jukado the mapmaker?
Tourneys
[ASL20] Grand Finals [BSL21] RO32 Group A - Saturday 21:00 CET [Megathread] Daily Proleagues [BSL21] RO32 Group B - Sunday 21:00 CET
Strategy
PvZ map balance Current Meta How to stay on top of macro? Soma's 9 hatch build from ASL Game 2
Other Games
General Games
Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread Nintendo Switch Thread Path of Exile Should offensive tower rushing be viable in RTS games? Dawn of War IV
Dota 2
Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
Heroes of the Storm
Simple Questions, Simple Answers Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug Heroes of StarCraft mini-set
TL Mafia
TL Mafia Community Thread SPIRED by.ASL Mafia {211640}
Community
General
US Politics Mega-thread Things Aren’t Peaceful in Palestine The Games Industry And ATVI Russo-Ukrainian War Thread YouTube Thread
Fan Clubs
White-Ra Fan Club The herO Fan Club!
Media & Entertainment
[Manga] One Piece Anime Discussion Thread Movie Discussion! Korean Music Discussion Series you have seen recently...
Sports
2024 - 2026 Football Thread Formula 1 Discussion NBA General Discussion MLB/Baseball 2023 TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
SC2 Client Relocalization [Change SC2 Language] Linksys AE2500 USB WIFI keeps disconnecting Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread
TL Community
The Automated Ban List
Blogs
Learning my new SC2 hotkey…
Hildegard
Coffee x Performance in Espo…
TrAiDoS
Saturation point
Uldridge
DnB/metal remix FFO Mick Go…
ImbaTosS
Reality "theory" prov…
perfectspheres
Our Last Hope in th…
KrillinFromwales
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 1748 users

[Q] Can cannon rushing really be perfected? - Page 4

Forum Index > StarCraft 2 Strategy
Post a Reply
Prev 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 14 15 Next All
Heh_
Profile Blog Joined April 2012
Singapore2712 Posts
May 01 2012 23:59 GMT
#61
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.
=Þ
ZeromuS
Profile Blog Joined October 2010
Canada13389 Posts
May 02 2012 00:04 GMT
#62
Don't worry Gaulzi is just the Protoss (Z)ActionJesuz
StrategyRTS forever | @ZeromuS_plays | www.twitch.tv/Zeromus_
iAmJeffReY
Profile Joined August 2010
United States4262 Posts
May 02 2012 00:06 GMT
#63
On May 02 2012 08:27 Willzzz wrote:
I knew they'd have to nerf assimilators one day

If you complete your wall off quickly and then get a bunker you should be fine, Warden had the chance to wall off on the Metalopolis game, but he chose to hide his 2nd rax.

Maybe on a certain few maps a scout at his timing won't reach it before you wall off... I wall off by 14 supply every TvP and TvZ...and he's gotten in my base the 4 times I've played him, each time.
Unbiased biased terran abuser Jeffrey. Sorry for the rage, friend!
oOOoOphidian
Profile Joined January 2011
United States1402 Posts
May 02 2012 00:08 GMT
#64
On May 02 2012 08:59 Heh_ wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.

you are acting as if stopping a protoss player from building a gas in your main is a hard counter to a cannon rush
Creator of sc2unmasked.com
Heh_
Profile Blog Joined April 2012
Singapore2712 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-02 00:17:21
May 02 2012 00:16 GMT
#65
On May 02 2012 09:08 oOOoOphidian wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 08:59 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.

you are acting as if stopping a protoss player from building a gas in your main is a hard counter to a cannon rush

It is. If he cannot get a vision of the high ground, the low ground cannons are stopped dead in its tracks. You can get a spine out of range of the cannon, to stab at any probes that try to provide said vision. At that point, you have more workers than him and haven't wasted 350+ minerals. Once the probe(s) are gone, move the spine closer to attack the cannon. The queen can do that too. Then expand, or roach allin.

Edit: Obviously only on maps where the only place to put a structure is the geyser. Aka, antiga (or whatever else map).
=Þ
Picklebread
Profile Joined June 2011
808 Posts
May 02 2012 00:20 GMT
#66
On May 02 2012 09:16 Heh_ wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 09:08 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:59 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.

you are acting as if stopping a protoss player from building a gas in your main is a hard counter to a cannon rush

It is. If he cannot get a vision of the high ground, the low ground cannons are stopped dead in its tracks. You can get a spine out of range of the cannon, to stab at any probes that try to provide said vision. At that point, you have more workers than him and haven't wasted 350+ minerals. Once the probe(s) are gone, move the spine closer to attack the cannon. The queen can do that too. Then expand, or roach allin.

Edit: Obviously only on maps where the only place to put a structure is the geyser. Aka, antiga (or whatever else map).

OOOOO but what if he makes a pylon
Swift118
Profile Joined January 2012
United Kingdom335 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-02 00:32:46
May 02 2012 00:27 GMT
#67
I actually watched this Gauzli guy last week for a about an hour, he was on kr ladder and getting a reasonable win rate vs masters. It was quite disturbing at first, as a Terran player, as I only really thought of cannon rushing in pvp not thinking that maybe some people are putting time into cheese like this with correct follow ups etc.

To be fair to him he has played thousands of games cannon rushing and has it down pretty damn well. Only sad thing for him is that he has spent so much time cannon rushing that that time could have been spent getting his own standard/non cheese play to masters level, although I'm pretty sure he would not have been able to get his mmr high enough to face pro level players. Fairly amusing though

Heh_
Profile Blog Joined April 2012
Singapore2712 Posts
May 02 2012 00:27 GMT
#68
On May 02 2012 09:20 Picklebread wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 09:16 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 09:08 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:59 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.

you are acting as if stopping a protoss player from building a gas in your main is a hard counter to a cannon rush

It is. If he cannot get a vision of the high ground, the low ground cannons are stopped dead in its tracks. You can get a spine out of range of the cannon, to stab at any probes that try to provide said vision. At that point, you have more workers than him and haven't wasted 350+ minerals. Once the probe(s) are gone, move the spine closer to attack the cannon. The queen can do that too. Then expand, or roach allin.

Edit: Obviously only on maps where the only place to put a structure is the geyser. Aka, antiga (or whatever else map).

OOOOO but what if he makes a pylon

Read my edit.
=Þ
inFeZa
Profile Blog Joined June 2009
Australia556 Posts
May 02 2012 00:32 GMT
#69
CombatEX has a guide to cannon rushing like a pro, very detailed and descriptive even..
Starcraft 2 in-game Observer. Follow me twitter.com/infeza
IMoperator
Profile Joined October 2011
4476 Posts
May 02 2012 00:34 GMT
#70
Isn't this the guy orb raged against?
Zahir
Profile Joined March 2012
United States947 Posts
May 02 2012 00:42 GMT
#71
good catch, op. this was an informative thread... terrifying, but informative. let no man say he wasn't warned.

really hoping someone will come in and break down how to defeat this (as terran particularly), because i don't see any optimal response.
What is best? To crush the Zerg, see them driven before you, and to hear the lamentations of the Protoss.
MegaDancer
Profile Joined January 2011
United States25 Posts
May 02 2012 00:43 GMT
#72
maybe we have all been playing this game wrong?
Maybe thats the standard toss play?
Expecting a metagame shift soon///////
xD JK
Picklebread
Profile Joined June 2011
808 Posts
May 02 2012 00:45 GMT
#73
On May 02 2012 09:27 Heh_ wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 09:20 Picklebread wrote:
On May 02 2012 09:16 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 09:08 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:59 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.

you are acting as if stopping a protoss player from building a gas in your main is a hard counter to a cannon rush

It is. If he cannot get a vision of the high ground, the low ground cannons are stopped dead in its tracks. You can get a spine out of range of the cannon, to stab at any probes that try to provide said vision. At that point, you have more workers than him and haven't wasted 350+ minerals. Once the probe(s) are gone, move the spine closer to attack the cannon. The queen can do that too. Then expand, or roach allin.

Edit: Obviously only on maps where the only place to put a structure is the geyser. Aka, antiga (or whatever else map).

OOOOO but what if he makes a pylon

Read my edit.

wow i totally missed that my bad o.o
FreudianTrip
Profile Joined July 2011
Switzerland1983 Posts
May 02 2012 00:46 GMT
#74
It's a strategy that relies on you fucking up and poor repsonses. Don't fuck up, don't respond poorly. The reason Cannon Rushes work is that people panic when they happen. If you stay calm and know how to defned it you have an automatic win.
oOOoOphidian
Profile Joined January 2011
United States1402 Posts
May 02 2012 00:50 GMT
#75
On May 02 2012 09:16 Heh_ wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 09:08 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:59 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.

you are acting as if stopping a protoss player from building a gas in your main is a hard counter to a cannon rush

It is. If he cannot get a vision of the high ground, the low ground cannons are stopped dead in its tracks. You can get a spine out of range of the cannon, to stab at any probes that try to provide said vision. At that point, you have more workers than him and haven't wasted 350+ minerals. Once the probe(s) are gone, move the spine closer to attack the cannon. The queen can do that too. Then expand, or roach allin.

Edit: Obviously only on maps where the only place to put a structure is the geyser. Aka, antiga (or whatever else map).

If you have to wait for spine crawlers to kill cannons and pylons (which they can also tier back out of range of spines on the high ground too) then the protoss player already has their nexus before you and a significant advantage. That's why I am disagreeing with you. Cannon rushing a zerg is not about killing them literally with just cannons, it's about putting the zerg behind so much that they can't play a normal game anymore. The proper response is to just not let cannons get up where you can't kill them with drones, or to counter all-in them.
Creator of sc2unmasked.com
YoureFired
Profile Blog Joined October 2009
United States822 Posts
May 02 2012 00:54 GMT
#76
I know that in PvP in Brood War at least, most protosses figured out a decent way to answer to this.

Simply put your first pylon in an awkward spot behind your mineral line so that it blocks any sort of cannon cheese. Your first gateway will be slightly out of place, but otherwise the rest of your buildings can go around your second pylon and continue from there.
ted cruz is the zodiac killer
Zahir
Profile Joined March 2012
United States947 Posts
May 02 2012 00:56 GMT
#77
ok, i watched the col.Catz video about how to stop this. there are some very non intuitive, but very effective steps you need to take to ensure the cannon rush will fail.

first, you have to identify the spots where cannons will be most effective. based on pylon placement, these will usually be right near the initial pylon(s), with a partial wall off formed by the pylon(s), a terrain wall, minerals, or some combination of the three.
second, station a worker at each one of these spots, on hold position, to prevent additional pylons/cannons from being placed there.

now, if he places cannons anyway, they will be in suboptimal spots. you can then proceed to surround the cannons with workers to cancel them. 3 workers per cannon will do the trick. the key to any cannon rush working, as far as i can see, is to be able to place cannons in positions where they cannot be surrounded. use stopped workers to prevent cannons being placed in those spots, and hastily assign 3 workers to attack any exposed cannon, and the rush is easily deflected. to paraphrase catz, as soon as any cannon completes you have already lost.
What is best? To crush the Zerg, see them driven before you, and to hear the lamentations of the Protoss.
Killmour
Profile Joined March 2010
United States105 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-02 01:00:21
May 02 2012 00:58 GMT
#78
On May 02 2012 09:46 FreudianTrip wrote:
It's a strategy that relies on you fucking up and poor repsonses. Don't fuck up, don't respond poorly. The reason Cannon Rushes work is that people panic when they happen. If you stay calm and know how to defned it you have an automatic win.


Except on some maps where they can wall in behind minerals with only one space to hit the pylons(or even on some, a gateway wall) so its pretty retarded on some of the maps. I admit, most of the time you can worker drill and get in some of those spots, it just puts you more and more behind.

It's really more of a map problem than a cannon or toss problem.
iiGreetings
Profile Joined March 2011
Canada563 Posts
May 02 2012 01:01 GMT
#79
IDK the fact that he scouted him first and got that probe in is kind of a game breaker, if he gets locked out i don't see how the enemy can mess up defending it if he knows how to respond appropriately
Adapt and React I MKP, PartinG, EffOrt ♥
Heh_
Profile Blog Joined April 2012
Singapore2712 Posts
May 02 2012 01:05 GMT
#80
On May 02 2012 09:50 oOOoOphidian wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 02 2012 09:16 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 09:08 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:59 Heh_ wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:49 oOOoOphidian wrote:
On May 02 2012 08:39 Heh_ wrote:-----snip.

you act like zerg can magically expand just because the cannons can't hit the main mineral line and that the cannon rusher can't just build pylons and cannons to the side of the hatch to protect the low ground cannons.

What? Before you post, please read your own sentences. I have no idea what the heck you just said.

you are acting as if stopping a protoss player from building a gas in your main is a hard counter to a cannon rush

It is. If he cannot get a vision of the high ground, the low ground cannons are stopped dead in its tracks. You can get a spine out of range of the cannon, to stab at any probes that try to provide said vision. At that point, you have more workers than him and haven't wasted 350+ minerals. Once the probe(s) are gone, move the spine closer to attack the cannon. The queen can do that too. Then expand, or roach allin.

Edit: Obviously only on maps where the only place to put a structure is the geyser. Aka, antiga (or whatever else map).

If you have to wait for spine crawlers to kill cannons and pylons (which they can also tier back out of range of spines on the high ground too) then the protoss player already has their nexus before you and a significant advantage. That's why I am disagreeing with you. Cannon rushing a zerg is not about killing them literally with just cannons, it's about putting the zerg behind so much that they can't play a normal game anymore. The proper response is to just not let cannons get up where you can't kill them with drones, or to counter all-in them.

You only need to kill the cannon to stop his cannon rush. You don't need to work through the 2/3 pylons. If he built more than 1 cannon, his own expansion is also severely delayed. The cannon rusher cuts probes at 12-14.. you can still drone up while all this is happening.You're not at a significant economic disadvantage. If both players decide to expand, your hatch isn't too far behind his; you can also build 2 hatcheries just like playing vs a delayed FFE. If the protoss player expands, he has to further invest in cannons to keep himself safe against any potential allin. If he stays on 1 base, any tech is at least 4 minutes away and by this time, your expansion is secured and saturated, so it's just like playing 2 base zerg vs 1 base protoss.
=Þ
Prev 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 14 15 Next All
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
Wardi Open
12:00
#59
WardiTV1125
OGKoka 308
Rex82
IntoTheiNu 21
Liquipedia
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
OGKoka 308
Lowko272
Hui .256
Rex 82
StarCraft: Brood War
Rain 9653
Jaedong 4957
GuemChi 2372
Horang2 2044
Sea 1824
Pusan 598
Stork 371
Larva 329
Mini 320
Hyun 255
[ Show more ]
ZerO 255
PianO 99
Backho 88
ggaemo 76
Killer 76
ToSsGirL 64
sSak 63
Aegong 58
JYJ57
Barracks 57
Mong 54
JulyZerg 46
Sea.KH 39
Sharp 29
soO 23
zelot 19
sas.Sziky 18
scan(afreeca) 12
Sacsri 12
Noble 10
SilentControl 7
ajuk12(nOOB) 5
Terrorterran 4
Dota 2
Gorgc2851
Dendi1139
qojqva1118
XcaliburYe288
KheZu187
420jenkins1
League of Legends
Reynor112
Counter-Strike
olofmeister1781
x6flipin715
shoxiejesuss650
zeus412
allub266
Super Smash Bros
amsayoshi38
Other Games
B2W.Neo891
Pyrionflax448
crisheroes302
Sick238
Fuzer 204
Mew2King115
Liquid`LucifroN112
QueenE42
ZerO(Twitch)14
hiko3
Organizations
StarCraft: Brood War
lovetv 13
StarCraft 2
Blizzard YouTube
StarCraft: Brood War
BSLTrovo
sctven
[ Show 11 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• LaughNgamezSOOP
• Migwel
• sooper7s
StarCraft: Brood War
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Other Games
• WagamamaTV360
Upcoming Events
Wardi Open
2h 48m
Replay Cast
9h 48m
WardiTV Korean Royale
22h 48m
Replay Cast
1d 9h
Replay Cast
1d 19h
Kung Fu Cup
1d 22h
Classic vs Solar
herO vs Cure
Reynor vs GuMiho
ByuN vs ShoWTimE
Tenacious Turtle Tussle
2 days
The PondCast
2 days
RSL Revival
2 days
Solar vs Zoun
MaxPax vs Bunny
Kung Fu Cup
2 days
[ Show More ]
WardiTV Korean Royale
2 days
PiGosaur Monday
3 days
RSL Revival
3 days
Classic vs Creator
Cure vs TriGGeR
Kung Fu Cup
3 days
CranKy Ducklings
4 days
RSL Revival
4 days
herO vs Gerald
ByuN vs SHIN
Kung Fu Cup
4 days
BSL 21
5 days
Tarson vs Julia
Doodle vs OldBoy
eOnzErG vs WolFix
StRyKeR vs Aeternum
Sparkling Tuna Cup
5 days
RSL Revival
5 days
Reynor vs sOs
Maru vs Ryung
Kung Fu Cup
5 days
WardiTV Korean Royale
5 days
BSL 21
6 days
JDConan vs Semih
Dragon vs Dienmax
Tech vs NewOcean
TerrOr vs Artosis
Wardi Open
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

Proleague 2025-11-07
Stellar Fest: Constellation Cup
Eternal Conflict S1

Ongoing

C-Race Season 1
IPSL Winter 2025-26
KCM Race Survival 2025 Season 4
SOOP Univ League 2025
YSL S2
BSL Season 21
IEM Chengdu 2025
PGL Masters Bucharest 2025
Thunderpick World Champ.
CS Asia Championships 2025
ESL Pro League S22
StarSeries Fall 2025
FISSURE Playground #2
BLAST Open Fall 2025
BLAST Open Fall Qual

Upcoming

SLON Tour Season 2
BSL 21 Non-Korean Championship
Acropolis #4
IPSL Spring 2026
HSC XXVIII
RSL Offline Finals
WardiTV 2025
RSL Revival: Season 3
META Madness #9
BLAST Bounty Winter 2026
BLAST Bounty Winter 2026: Closed Qualifier
eXTREMESLAND 2025
ESL Impact League Season 8
SL Budapest Major 2025
BLAST Rivals Fall 2025
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2025 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.