If you build turrets in the high ground, only the colossus can see it. If he can't see as far away as he attacks, then he won't be able to outrange the turret.
Maybe you'd need Hi-Sec for this to fully work, but I think high ground turrets may be a viable defense, or at least severely severely slow them down in some maps.
EDIT> disregard this. Colossi apparently have 10 vision range... WTF
so besides being a siege-range durable insane AoE damage dealer with high mobility, supportable from one base, and that can have its efficiency increased and be transported with warp prisms, it is also a portable watchtower!?