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Active: 1389 users

chainrule, implicits, and related rates/of change

Blogs > Raithed
Post a Reply
Raithed
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
China7078 Posts
Last Edited: 2008-05-31 02:02:46
May 31 2008 01:51 GMT
#1
I get the chain rule, i get it enough until i cannot see it and get it in my head anymore; for example:

Chain rule

[understand]
f(x) = sinx which would become -sinx(1) = -sinx
f(x) = sin2x which would be f'(x) sin2x = cos2x the 2x is 2 so (cos2x)(2)
[/understand]

Now ones I dont get:

f(x) = (cos3)x^2 = (cos3)(2x) = 2xcos3 i thought cos would be -sin?

f(x) = (x^3+1)^(-4/3) I know that the (-4/3) have to minus one and that would be (-7/3) the finalized result is f'(x) = -4x^2 (x+1)^(-7/3). I also understand how the -4 comes from (x^3 * (-4/3)) but not exactly know why the (x^+1) = (x-1)

Basically I know how to do the derivative (x^3+1) would be 3x^2 but it isnt 3*4 on the outside.

f(x) = cos(1-2x) --> -sin(1+2x) --> ? im stuck now. :/
--------

Implicts

+ Show Spoiler +

I know when variables are the same, just use a power rule;
d/dx (x^3) = 3x^2

And when they arent the same d/dx (y^3) = 3y^2 (dy/dx)


How would I start the followings off?

xy + y^2 = 1 <-- all y = dy/dx as the deriv right?
x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) = 0 <-- am i done? im not sure if i did it right.

x^2 + xy + y^2 - 5x = 2
2x + x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) - 5 = 0
(whats the next step if i did it correctly?)

y^2 = ( (5x^2 + 2x)^(3/2) ) / 3
(this is ridiculous, what do i do first? it looks like a quotient rule but im not very sure.)

x^2 + 2y^2 = 9
2x + 4y(dy/dx) = 0?
(am i in the right track at least?)

---

ill do related rates later, i want to understand these better first. thanks for the people viewing and helping me out i know im not great with math. <3 TL.

micronesia
Profile Blog Joined July 2006
United States24723 Posts
May 31 2008 01:55 GMT
#2
I think it would really help if you chunked/formatted and edited this O.o
ModeratorThere are animal crackers for people and there are people crackers for animals.
Raithed
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
China7078 Posts
May 31 2008 01:56 GMT
#3
k editing~
Raithed
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
China7078 Posts
May 31 2008 02:02 GMT
#4
done!
imDerek
Profile Blog Joined August 2007
United States1944 Posts
May 31 2008 02:05 GMT
#5
For implicit differentiation, when you differentiate a term with both x and y in it, you need to use the product rule, i.e.:

(xy)' = (x')y + x(y') = y + x (dy/dx)
Least favorite progamers: Leta, Zero, Mind, Shine, free, really <-- newly added
Raithed
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
China7078 Posts
May 31 2008 02:07 GMT
#6
On May 31 2008 11:05 imDerek wrote:
For implicit differentiation, when you differentiate a term with both x and y in it, you need to use the product rule, i.e.:

(xy)' = (x')y + x(y') = y + x (dy/dx)

so..

xy + y^2 = 1 <-- all y = dy/dx as the deriv right?
x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) = 0 <-- am i done? im not sure if i did it right.

is wrong?
imDerek
Profile Blog Joined August 2007
United States1944 Posts
May 31 2008 02:10 GMT
#7
yup that's wrong.

The answer should be dy/dx = -y/(x+2y)
Least favorite progamers: Leta, Zero, Mind, Shine, free, really <-- newly added
ydg
Profile Blog Joined March 2008
United States690 Posts
May 31 2008 02:18 GMT
#8
f(x) = (cos3)x^2 = (cos3)(2x) = 2xcos3 i thought cos would be -sin?
no idea what this is. cos^3(x^2)?


"f(x) = (x^3+1)^(-4/3) I know that the (-4/3) have to minus one and that would be (-7/3) the finalized result is f'(x) = -4x^2 (x+1)^(-7/3). I also understand how the -4 comes from (x^3 * (-4/3)) but not exactly know why the (x^+1) = (x-1) "
[image loading]

[image loading]

i don't know if that's what you have

"f(x) = cos(1-2x) --> -sin(1+2x) --> ? im stuck now. :/"
derivative of cos(BLAH) = -sin(BLAH)*derivative of blah = -sin(1-2x) * -2

"xy + y^2 = 1 <-- all y = dy/dx as the deriv right?
x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) = 0 <-- am i done? im not sure if i did it right."

you have to do a product rule for the first part. x*dy/dx+y+2y*dy/dx=0. LOL i see that you did that just forgot the product rule.

"
x^2 + xy + y^2 - 5x = 2
2x + x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) - 5 = 0
(whats the next step if i did it correctly?)"
again, product rule. the next step is to separate the dy/dx's and the non dy/dx's, so it'd be like
2x + x(dy/dx) + y + 2y(dy/dx) - 5 = 0
x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) = 5 - y - 2x
(x+2y)(dy/dx) = 5 - y - 2x
dy/dx=(5 - y - 2x)/(x + 2y)


"y^2 = ( (5x^2 + 2x)^(3/2) ) / 3
(this is ridiculous, what do i do first? it looks like a quotient rule but im not very sure.)"
Not a quotient rule since the 3 is on the bottom. Just do it normally implicitly..
[image loading]

[image loading]


"
x^2 + 2y^2 = 9
2x + 4y(dy/dx) = 0? "
yes right track
The only courage that matters is the kind that gets you from one moment to the next.
Raithed
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
China7078 Posts
Last Edited: 2008-05-31 02:36:38
May 31 2008 02:36 GMT
#9
for this.

[image loading]


i have the answer sheet too, it only shows as this, which is why i am asking:

[image loading]


it doesnt have what you have, is there why? the answer sheet is from my prof.
--

f(x) = (cos3)x^2 = (cos3)(2x) = 2xcos3 i thought cos would be -sin?
no idea what this is. cos^3(x^2)?


[image loading]


ydg
Profile Blog Joined March 2008
United States690 Posts
May 31 2008 02:39 GMT
#10
are you sure there's no ^3 over the x? because besides that, it's the same thing

uhhh, what does cos3 mean lol. unless you mean like cos(3x^2) or like cos(3x)^2 or like cos^2(3x)
The only courage that matters is the kind that gets you from one moment to the next.
Rayzorblade
Profile Blog Joined September 2004
United States1172 Posts
May 31 2008 02:44 GMT
#11
what

the

fuck

is

this
lol?
Raithed
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
China7078 Posts
May 31 2008 03:06 GMT
#12
On May 31 2008 11:44 Rayzorblade wrote:
what

the

fuck

is

this
lol?

calculus. youll enjoy it when youre in it.

On May 31 2008 11:39 ydg wrote:
are you sure there's no ^3 over the x? because besides that, it's the same thing

uhhh, what does cos3 mean lol. unless you mean like cos(3x^2) or like cos(3x)^2 or like cos^2(3x)


oops, sorry, mistyped. the answer is

f'(x) = -4x^2 (x^3+1) ^ (-7/3) <-- this is the same as the answer? i mean, how?

as for the cos3, it starts off as this:

y = (cos 3)x^2 -> y' = (cos 3)(2x) = 2x cos 3. idk what it means, i think you know better than i. so which way should i look at this chain rule?
sigma_x
Profile Joined March 2008
Australia285 Posts
May 31 2008 03:08 GMT
#13
rofl. cos3 is a real number. Maybe it's clearer if instead of cos3 you write the number -0.989992496 (for 3 in radians).
ydg
Profile Blog Joined March 2008
United States690 Posts
May 31 2008 03:13 GMT
#14
oh it's the same, since the 3 in 3x^2 cancels with the /3 in 4/3 lol.

ohhh it's a number, gotcha. so it's just a constant times x^2, so it's like 3x^2 -> derivative would be 6x
so it's cos 3 times x^2 => 2 times cos 3 times x
The only courage that matters is the kind that gets you from one moment to the next.
evanthebouncy!
Profile Blog Joined June 2006
United States12796 Posts
May 31 2008 03:25 GMT
#15
Wtf u sure ur from China! (jk jk xD)

I'll do one:
xy + y^2 = 1

so take derivitive on both side, bear in mind that both x, y, are functions.

xdy + ydx + 2ydy = 0
(x+2y)dy = -ydx
dy/dx = -y/(x+2y)
Life is run, it is dance, it is fast, passionate and BAM!, you dance and sing and booze while you can for now is the time and time is mine. Smile and laugh when still can for now is the time and soon you die!
qet
Profile Joined May 2007
Australia244 Posts
May 31 2008 03:26 GMT
#16
when you've finished those, try to differentiate x^x

sigma_x
Profile Joined March 2008
Australia285 Posts
May 31 2008 03:37 GMT
#17
Hint: x^x=e^(xlnx).
lol actually, that gives it away.
imDerek
Profile Blog Joined August 2007
United States1944 Posts
May 31 2008 04:20 GMT
#18
try to integrate x^x w.r.t x instead
Least favorite progamers: Leta, Zero, Mind, Shine, free, really <-- newly added
Dead9
Profile Blog Joined February 2008
United States4725 Posts
May 31 2008 11:17 GMT
#19
f(x) = (cos3)x^2 = (cos3)(2x) = 2xcos3 i thought cos would be -sin?

(x^2)cos(3), right?
cos(3) is a constant

f(x) = (x^3+1)^(-4/3)


[a(x^u)]' = au'[x^(u-1)]
+1 is a constant

Thus:
[(x^3+1)^(-4/3)]'
[(-4/3) (3x^2) (x^3+1)^(-7/3)]
[(-4x^2) (x^3+1)^(-7/3)]

f(x) = cos(1-2x)

(cos[u])' = -u'sin(u)
Thus:
[cos(1-2x)]'
(-2)sin(1-2x)



IMPLICITS <- I used to hate these :D!

xy + y^2 = 1 <-- all y = dy/dx as the deriv right?
x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) = 0 <-- am i done? im not sure if i did it right.


(uv)' = u'v + uv'

Thus:
[xy+y^2 = 1]'
[(1)y+x(y') + 2y = 0]

Isolate the y':
[y+2y = x(y')]
[(y+2y)/x = y']
[y' = (y+2y)/x] It looks better flipped around :[

x^2 + xy + y^2 - 5x = 2
2x + x(dy/dx) + 2y(dy/dx) - 5 = 0
(whats the next step if i did it correctly?)

(uv)' = u'v + uv'
[x^2 + xy + y^2 - 5x = 2]'
[2x + (1)y + x(y') + 2y - 5 = 0]

Isolate the y':
[2x+3y-5 = x(y')]
[(2x+3y-5)/x = y']
[y' = (2x+3y-5)/x]

y^2 = ( (5x^2 + 2x)^(3/2) ) / 3
(this is ridiculous, what do i do first? it looks like a quotient rule but im not very sure.)

Chain rule (I suck at this; might be wrong T_T):
[y^2 = ( (5x^2 + 2x)^(3/2) ) / 3]'
[2y(y') = (3/2) * (5x^2+2x)^(1/2) * (10x + 2) / 3]
[2y(y') = (5x+1) (5x^2+2x)^(1/2)]
[y' = [(5x+1) (5x^2+2x)^(1/2)] / 2y]


x^2 + 2y^2 = 9
2x + 4y(dy/dx) = 0?
(am i in the right track at least?)

Yes; isolate y -> ezgg

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