• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EST 15:43
CET 21:43
KST 05:43
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
RSL Season 3 - RO16 Groups C & D Preview0RSL Season 3 - RO16 Groups A & B Preview2TL.net Map Contest #21: Winners12Intel X Team Liquid Seoul event: Showmatches and Meet the Pros10[ASL20] Finals Preview: Arrival13
Community News
Weekly Cups (Nov 10-16): Reynor, Solar lead Zerg surge1[TLMC] Fall/Winter 2025 Ladder Map Rotation13Weekly Cups (Nov 3-9): Clem Conquers in Canada4SC: Evo Complete - Ranked Ladder OPEN ALPHA8StarCraft, SC2, HotS, WC3, Returning to Blizzcon!45
StarCraft 2
General
RotterdaM "Serral is the GOAT, and it's not close" Weekly Cups (Nov 10-16): Reynor, Solar lead Zerg surge [TLMC] Fall/Winter 2025 Ladder Map Rotation Mech is the composition that needs teleportation t RSL Season 3 - RO16 Groups C & D Preview
Tourneys
2025 RSL Offline Finals Dates + Ticket Sales! $5,000+ WardiTV 2025 Championship RSL Revival: Season 3 Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament Constellation Cup - Main Event - Stellar Fest
Strategy
Custom Maps
Map Editor closed ?
External Content
Mutation # 500 Fright night Mutation # 499 Chilling Adaptation Mutation # 498 Wheel of Misfortune|Cradle of Death Mutation # 497 Battle Haredened
Brood War
General
FlaSh on: Biggest Problem With SnOw's Playstyle What happened to TvZ on Retro? BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/ SnOw's ASL S20 Finals Review BW General Discussion
Tourneys
[BSL21] GosuLeague T1 Ro16 - Tue & Thu 22:00 CET [Megathread] Daily Proleagues Small VOD Thread 2.0 [BSL21] RO32 Group D - Sunday 21:00 CET
Strategy
How to stay on top of macro? Current Meta PvZ map balance Simple Questions, Simple Answers
Other Games
General Games
Clair Obscur - Expedition 33 Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread Should offensive tower rushing be viable in RTS games? Path of Exile Nintendo Switch Thread
Dota 2
Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
Heroes of the Storm
Simple Questions, Simple Answers Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug Heroes of StarCraft mini-set
TL Mafia
TL Mafia Community Thread SPIRED by.ASL Mafia {211640}
Community
General
Russo-Ukrainian War Thread US Politics Mega-thread The Games Industry And ATVI Things Aren’t Peaceful in Palestine About SC2SEA.COM
Fan Clubs
White-Ra Fan Club The herO Fan Club!
Media & Entertainment
Movie Discussion! [Manga] One Piece Anime Discussion Thread Korean Music Discussion Series you have seen recently...
Sports
2024 - 2026 Football Thread Formula 1 Discussion NBA General Discussion MLB/Baseball 2023 TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
SC2 Client Relocalization [Change SC2 Language] Linksys AE2500 USB WIFI keeps disconnecting Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread
TL Community
The Automated Ban List
Blogs
Dyadica Gospel – a Pulp No…
Hildegard
Coffee x Performance in Espo…
TrAiDoS
Saturation point
Uldridge
DnB/metal remix FFO Mick Go…
ImbaTosS
Reality "theory" prov…
perfectspheres
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 1777 users

MLG Winter Arena to be PPV - Page 86

Forum Index > SC2 General
4945 CommentsPost a Reply
Prev 1 84 85 86 87 88 248 Next
Criticism is allowed. Undue flaming is not. Take a second to think your post through before you submit.

Bans will be handed out.

Should go without saying, but don't link restreams here either.
CrazyAsian
Profile Joined October 2010
United States188 Posts
February 14 2012 05:33 GMT
#1701
MLG Orlando was a blast, I will definitely be buying a pass, besides I only paid $25 for a 3 day ticket when they could have charged double that and I still would have went.
Bowzer
Profile Joined May 2010
Canada214 Posts
February 14 2012 05:33 GMT
#1702
On February 14 2012 14:24 hoby2000 wrote:
Show nested quote +
On February 14 2012 14:21 Bowzer wrote:
So as a gold member of MLG on a yearly pass purchased before Providence, I don't get access to this?


Why do people keep thinking they're entitled to this? You know what you paid for, so now that something new is popping up, how can you expect to get access to it too? That makes absolutely no sense.

That's like buying World of Warcraft, then Blizzard releases an expansion and complaining that you don't get the expansion for free. Of course you don't get it for free - you paid for World of Warcraft. Don't blame MLG because you can't read or understand.

I am fully capable of reading, and of course there will always be fine print about terms changing without prior notice, but I have to say as a customer I feel slightly cheated. I paid for a years worth of events in HD, not for a gold usertag on the MLG forums.

I'm not a broke kid, so before you bring that up, I thought I would pre-emptively stop you in your tracks. I will most likely shell out the cash for this event as well, albeit reluctantly.

Remembering Sundance telling us all to buy gold tickets to up the ante for this year is playing back over through my head, seems like a bait and switch.

Can you not see how people would feel this way?
A drinking community with a gaming problem.
p0in7Blas7
Profile Joined October 2010
India23 Posts
February 14 2012 05:33 GMT
#1703
I can't comment on the 20$ ticket as I have paid way more on an impulse for far less, the costs of operation must be higher but they definitely need to keep in view the quality someone gets when they pay for a seasons pass for GSL.

Now, of course we can compare and complain right now because there aren't that many options. In case there were, organizers would way over charge at times and people 'will' pay just to have access to content of possibly less quality. It happens in several entertainment related areas.
dsousa
Profile Joined October 2011
United States1363 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-02-14 05:38:41
February 14 2012 05:34 GMT
#1704
On February 14 2012 14:12 Himarm wrote:
Show nested quote +
On February 14 2012 14:07 dsousa wrote:
On February 14 2012 14:02 LoLAdriankat wrote:
$20 is nothing. We have more than a week to save up, even a teenager would be able to pay for it. In my case, all I have to do is not eat out for two days and just make something at home to pay for this...


Wrong... all you have to do is skip the next MLG, then you won't have to pay to watch SC2 ever again. If we crush this uprising convincingly enough, no one should ever dare try this BS again!

My fear is that people will pay for this to "support esports" and then MLG will have started the new trend in SC2.

Do you want free SC2 tournament viewing to go away? Reward MLG at your peril, they are trying to change the SC2 landscape to compensate for their lack of financial success.




The best SC2 tournament in the world GSL (Hands down the best.) costs a fee to watch unless u feel like staying up till 5 AM to watch the matches.


2am for me buddy.... but at least if the match or group is big enough I have that option.

MLG is going the route of Boxing. The only way to see it as it unfolds, is to pay.

Only Boxing, MMA... bloodsports where people actually die get away with that.

SC2 is a computer game, with zero moving parts..... to brodcast it to our computer screen is not so difficult that it requires pre-payment. Certainly the players aren't in any physical danger while playing. There is nothing about the operations of an SC2 competition that requires a PPV environment - when compared with other live events.

IMO - its just capitalizing on a young, extremely loyal fan base, that frankly can often times produce "fads" or sports that don't last. To me this looks like MLG is thinking SC2 is a fad, and they better get paid before the good times end.

I'm not happy about it! SC2 is better and deserves better!


Gentso
Profile Joined July 2010
United States2218 Posts
February 14 2012 05:35 GMT
#1705
Well Blizzard said they were going to be more active in e-sports, hopefully they provide us some with some free content like they have with Blizzcon. This is ridiculous! MLG + GSL for a year = hundreds of dollars? o_O
Azzur
Profile Blog Joined July 2010
Australia6260 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-02-14 05:36:45
February 14 2012 05:36 GMT
#1706
For me, $20 is too much to pay especially since I won't be watching much of it live (wrong timezone). Also, I'm comparing this to what I purchased for the GSL - $100 for the Premium ticket, and for 5 GSLs, that's $20. $20 for GSL over the space of 2 months is much more content than the $20 for just 3 days (albeit with 5 streams). Also, GSL is considered the premier tournament which all the best players want to win.

In 2011, when GSL was starting out, their tickets were cheaper ($10 per season). I think MLG needed to start smaller and charge a lower price - $10 would've been a decent starting point.
tdt
Profile Joined October 2010
United States3179 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-02-14 05:36:43
February 14 2012 05:36 GMT
#1707
On February 14 2012 14:28 jmbthirteen wrote:
Show nested quote +
On February 14 2012 14:23 tdt wrote:
On February 14 2012 14:12 Ownos wrote:
So much for the "love" of eSports when the community whines about $20 three day event where casual fans of boxing will shovel $50 for an evening event. But of course GSL received the same whining and they're doing fine without the penniless kids and cheapskates.

That's not our job to make the sale and grow base, that's their job (if they wanna make money). For example Dana White took a bankrupt, niche, bloodsport and turned it into a billion dollar capitalization.

broadcasting on PPV...

They always PPV but Zuffa made it a must see for hundreds of thousands compared to 2000-4000 all without begging but with outstanding promotion and production. Like I said thier job.
MC for president
Archvil3
Profile Joined September 2010
Denmark989 Posts
February 14 2012 05:37 GMT
#1708
I would be perfectly fine with this. High production value tournaments that provide a viewing experience out of the ordinary should cost money. E-sports need to be sustainable so I'd gladly pay for MLG, GSL and IPL.

One thing I am not okay with though is that I bought a gold membership which promised me access to MLG for a full year. Now that package I bought doesnt grant me that and I dont even get a discount. How about $10 off for gold members? I am sure they would sell a hell of a lot of gold memberships on that account as well.
Let thy speech be better than silence, or be silent.
Chronicler
Profile Joined February 2012
6 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-02-14 05:39:32
February 14 2012 05:37 GMT
#1709
On February 14 2012 14:33 Bowzer wrote:
Show nested quote +
On February 14 2012 14:24 hoby2000 wrote:
On February 14 2012 14:21 Bowzer wrote:
So as a gold member of MLG on a yearly pass purchased before Providence, I don't get access to this?


Why do people keep thinking they're entitled to this? You know what you paid for, so now that something new is popping up, how can you expect to get access to it too? That makes absolutely no sense.

That's like buying World of Warcraft, then Blizzard releases an expansion and complaining that you don't get the expansion for free. Of course you don't get it for free - you paid for World of Warcraft. Don't blame MLG because you can't read or understand.

I am fully capable of reading, and of course there will always be fine print about terms changing without prior notice, but I have to say as a customer I feel slightly cheated. I paid for a years worth of events in HD, not for a gold usertag on the MLG forums.

I'm not a broke kid, so before you bring that up, I thought I would pre-emptively stop you in your tracks. I will most likely shell out the cash for this event as well, albeit reluctantly.

Remembering Sundance telling us all to buy gold tickets to up the ante for this year is playing back over through my head, seems like a bait and switch.

Can you not see how people would feel this way?


That's my biggest complaint, the Gold Memberships were marketed as the way to make MLG profitable, and that if we bought a Gold Membership, we were helping eSports. One of the main reasons to buy a Gold membership was because of the Free HQ stream (which was $10/event, so twice the cost of a Gold membership). Now they are saying that the Gold Memberships aren't enough, you now need to spend $170 this season to help eSports.

Now MLG doesn't say anything about Gold Memberships (you can't even buy them currently), but now you need to purchase this $20 pass for one weekend of streaming to help eSports.

Next we'll have events televised via PPV, but it will be $75 for a one day event, but again, it will be marketed as helping eSports.

courtpanda
Profile Blog Joined May 2011
866 Posts
February 14 2012 05:38 GMT
#1710
IMHO
business-wise, its a smart decision. take advantage of the booming growth of esports and then once you have your audience hooked and your name brand everywhere, then start charging money for it. the only questionable thing is when to start charging money. the only real windows are at the beginning of each season, so they think that the growth will plateau out sometime this year.


personal-wise, i hate this. leave the free streams on and play more ads or something. this is isolating the casual fans and keeping them away from esports.

i like what IGN, as an organization, is doing compared to MLG. because:
1) they listen to fan feedback.
people liked teamleagues, so they expanded on that.
after painuser's one terrible casting session, and subsequent bashing by the community, they took him off for a while.
meanwhile, people have been complaining about the extended series rule that makes no sense for a year, and MLG still leaves it in.
2) they have their own in-house personalities (catspajamas, doa, HD, painuser, etc.) who are people can relate to, as opposed to MLG, who, for the most part, for their big events relies on big names. their only real "in-house" caster is JP, and he seems more of the business type as opposed to the raw excitement you get from cats and doa.
yes MLG has their community casters, but those were all on the paid streams.
3) their production quality is top notch. remember IPL3 and the cameras on the players? now remember MLG and their webcam quality camera on the players? while IGN's graphics sometimes come off as a little cheesy (like the team arena challenge stuff), its more exciting than MLG's graphics, which looks like they all came from the same powerpoint template.
also, they had stuff like the player panels, which was one of the hilarious highlights of the tournament
4) at IPL3, almost every player agreed that they got the best treatment during their stay there. also, resort casinos > convention centers.

tl;dr i want more IPLs
hoby2000
Profile Blog Joined April 2010
United States918 Posts
February 14 2012 05:39 GMT
#1711
On February 14 2012 14:33 Bowzer wrote:
Show nested quote +
On February 14 2012 14:24 hoby2000 wrote:
On February 14 2012 14:21 Bowzer wrote:
So as a gold member of MLG on a yearly pass purchased before Providence, I don't get access to this?


Why do people keep thinking they're entitled to this? You know what you paid for, so now that something new is popping up, how can you expect to get access to it too? That makes absolutely no sense.

That's like buying World of Warcraft, then Blizzard releases an expansion and complaining that you don't get the expansion for free. Of course you don't get it for free - you paid for World of Warcraft. Don't blame MLG because you can't read or understand.

I am fully capable of reading, and of course there will always be fine print about terms changing without prior notice, but I have to say as a customer I feel slightly cheated. I paid for a years worth of events in HD, not for a gold usertag on the MLG forums.

I'm not a broke kid, so before you bring that up, I thought I would pre-emptively stop you in your tracks. I will most likely shell out the cash for this event as well, albeit reluctantly.

Remembering Sundance telling us all to buy gold tickets to up the ante for this year is playing back over through my head, seems like a bait and switch.

Can you not see how people would feel this way?



No, i don't. Because Sundance didn't lie. Colombus has a significantly higher prize pool than it did last year, so maybe the amount of gold subs did actually improve the prize pool. Perhaps the Arena passes are to pay for the Arena and Online qualifier prize pool, which you are not paying for as of yet, or may never.
A lesson without pain is meaningless for nothing can be gained without giving something in return.
Wren
Profile Blog Joined February 2011
United States745 Posts
February 14 2012 05:41 GMT
#1712
On February 14 2012 14:37 Chronicler wrote:
Show nested quote +
On February 14 2012 14:33 Bowzer wrote:
On February 14 2012 14:24 hoby2000 wrote:
On February 14 2012 14:21 Bowzer wrote:
So as a gold member of MLG on a yearly pass purchased before Providence, I don't get access to this?


Why do people keep thinking they're entitled to this? You know what you paid for, so now that something new is popping up, how can you expect to get access to it too? That makes absolutely no sense.

That's like buying World of Warcraft, then Blizzard releases an expansion and complaining that you don't get the expansion for free. Of course you don't get it for free - you paid for World of Warcraft. Don't blame MLG because you can't read or understand.

I am fully capable of reading, and of course there will always be fine print about terms changing without prior notice, but I have to say as a customer I feel slightly cheated. I paid for a years worth of events in HD, not for a gold usertag on the MLG forums.

I'm not a broke kid, so before you bring that up, I thought I would pre-emptively stop you in your tracks. I will most likely shell out the cash for this event as well, albeit reluctantly.

Remembering Sundance telling us all to buy gold tickets to up the ante for this year is playing back over through my head, seems like a bait and switch.

Can you not see how people would feel this way?


That's my biggest complaint, the Gold Memberships were marketed as the way to make MLG profitable, and that if we bought a Gold Membership, we were helping eSports. One of the main reasons to buy a Gold membership was because of the Free HQ stream (which was $10/event, so twice the cost of a Gold membership). Now they are saying that the Gold Memberships aren't enough, you now need to spend $170 this season to help eSports.

Now MLG doesn't say anything about Gold Memberships (you can't even buy them currently), but now you need to purchase this $20 pass for one weekend of streaming to help eSports.

Next we'll have events televised via PPV, but it will be $75 for a one day event, but again, it will be marketed as helping eSports.


I agree, and it's very frustrating. This event should be covered in the scope outlined when many of us paid for the year-long, all-inclusive Gold membership. To see that it's not is bad, to ask for $20 is what prevents me from reluctantly paying. Know that MLG is asking too much from me (ESPECIALLY with an unknown quantity of a product), have to feel that they've overshot their mark.
We're here! We're queer! We don't want any more bears!
Ruscour
Profile Blog Joined April 2011
5233 Posts
February 14 2012 05:42 GMT
#1713
On February 14 2012 14:33 CrazyAsian wrote:
MLG Orlando was a blast, I will definitely be buying a pass, besides I only paid $25 for a 3 day ticket when they could have charged double that and I still would have went.

That's for live entertainment. This is for a stream.
ZodaNOR
Profile Joined February 2012
Norway3 Posts
February 14 2012 05:42 GMT
#1714
I'm all for ppv, but like many have said before. 20$ is too much. If we as a community says 20$ is fine than IPL, NASL ect will follow, and it's not just 20$ anymore but 300+$ a year if you want to watch all the big leagues.
10$ and we can talk.
KookyMonster
Profile Joined January 2012
United States311 Posts
February 14 2012 05:44 GMT
#1715
Meh, $20 is fine if it helps the community grow. Thats like a month and a third of WoW. Haha.
Paper is Imba. Scissors is fine. -Rock
Corinthos *
Profile Blog Joined February 2006
Canada1842 Posts
February 14 2012 05:44 GMT
#1716
The whole 'support esports' movement for merely $20 is bogus. This is a service, and just like any other service people make decisions based on perceived values; be it be valued-based or competitor-based pricing. Something like demographics already speaks volume towards this PPV model. We are aware that MLG has costs and as a business they need to make profit. I feel they haven't performed a thorough marketing analysis; nothing here says 'long term'.

If paying for competitors trips to MLG is costly, then maybe that model or system needs to be reconsidered. I personally do not think they are ready for PPV, and I think it's just bad timing to announce it. I enjoy MLG and I sincerely hope it will go well. Their production has been improving consistently and they always have amazing player pools.
Korlinni
Profile Joined April 2011
125 Posts
February 14 2012 05:45 GMT
#1717
I have paid 40$ to watch a PPV that was only 3-4hrs. 20$ for a weekend is a deal, still won't pay for it though. I paid for gold membership I should get it for free, if I don't I wont buy anything else from MLG.
Impossible is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools!
drew-chan
Profile Joined July 2009
Malaysia1517 Posts
February 14 2012 05:48 GMT
#1718
What I find amusing is that if MLG charged 5 bucks for the event they would probably see sales increase more than 4 fold. Kinda like what steam has been doing for so long successfully.
...
RicochetSEA
Profile Blog Joined November 2011
Australia31 Posts
February 14 2012 05:49 GMT
#1719
I think they've shanked it.
I won't pay $20 for that.
tdt
Profile Joined October 2010
United States3179 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-02-14 05:57:59
February 14 2012 05:50 GMT
#1720
On February 14 2012 14:45 Korlinni wrote:
I have paid 40$ to watch a PPV that was only 3-4hrs. 20$ for a weekend is a deal, still won't pay for it though. I paid for gold membership I should get it for free, if I don't I wont buy anything else from MLG.

I've dropped $3000 playing poker in one night. But I still won't buy since purchases we make are based on relative value.

A single glass of water in the Sahara I'd give everything I owned for but I'm not giving $20 when there are tons of free competitors and equal cost better competitors (GSL)
MC for president
Prev 1 84 85 86 87 88 248 Next
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
Monday Night Weeklies
17:00
#30
Clem vs Nicoract
MaxPax vs TBD
ByuN vs TBD
RotterdaM1072
TKL 503
SteadfastSC268
IndyStarCraft 207
ZombieGrub144
BRAT_OK 128
LiquipediaDiscussion
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
RotterdaM 1072
TKL 503
SteadfastSC 268
IndyStarCraft 207
ZombieGrub144
BRAT_OK 128
UpATreeSC 86
JuggernautJason71
StarCraft: Brood War
Britney 23103
scan(afreeca) 46
sas.Sziky 36
yabsab 10
Dota 2
qojqva3312
Counter-Strike
fl0m1023
ScreaM838
kRYSTAL_15
Other Games
Grubby5295
Beastyqt861
shahzam294
Trikslyr58
Organizations
Other Games
BasetradeTV37
Algost 5
StarCraft 2
Blizzard YouTube
StarCraft: Brood War
BSLTrovo
sctven
[ Show 17 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• kabyraGe 165
• StrangeGG 55
• Reevou 4
• IndyKCrew
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• sooper7s
• LaughNgamezSOOP
• Migwel
StarCraft: Brood War
• FirePhoenix2
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
• BSLYoutube
Other Games
• imaqtpie1237
• WagamamaTV465
• Shiphtur289
Upcoming Events
Replay Cast
2h 17m
ChoboTeamLeague
4h 17m
WardiTV Korean Royale
15h 17m
BSL: GosuLeague
1d
PiGosaur Cup
1d 4h
The PondCast
1d 13h
Replay Cast
2 days
RSL Revival
2 days
herO vs Zoun
Classic vs Reynor
Maru vs SHIN
MaxPax vs TriGGeR
BSL: GosuLeague
3 days
RSL Revival
3 days
[ Show More ]
WardiTV Korean Royale
3 days
RSL Revival
4 days
WardiTV Korean Royale
4 days
IPSL
4 days
Julia vs Artosis
JDConan vs DragOn
RSL Revival
5 days
Wardi Open
5 days
IPSL
5 days
StRyKeR vs OldBoy
Sziky vs Tarson
Replay Cast
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

Proleague 2025-11-14
Stellar Fest: Constellation Cup
Eternal Conflict S1

Ongoing

C-Race Season 1
IPSL Winter 2025-26
KCM Race Survival 2025 Season 4
SOOP Univ League 2025
YSL S2
BSL Season 21
CSCL: Masked Kings S3
SLON Tour Season 2
RSL Revival: Season 3
META Madness #9
BLAST Rivals Fall 2025
IEM Chengdu 2025
PGL Masters Bucharest 2025
Thunderpick World Champ.
CS Asia Championships 2025
ESL Pro League S22
StarSeries Fall 2025
FISSURE Playground #2
BLAST Open Fall 2025

Upcoming

BSL 21 Non-Korean Championship
Acropolis #4
IPSL Spring 2026
HSC XXVIII
RSL Offline Finals
WardiTV 2025
IEM Kraków 2026
BLAST Bounty Winter 2026
BLAST Bounty Winter 2026: Closed Qualifier
eXTREMESLAND 2025
ESL Impact League Season 8
SL Budapest Major 2025
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2025 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.