• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EDT 19:54
CEST 01:54
KST 08:54
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
Serral wins HomeStory Cup 2914Serral wins Maestros of the Game 243ByuL, and the Limitations of Standard Play3Team Liquid Map Contest #22: Results and Winners7Code S Season 2 (2026): RO4 and Finals Preview12
Community News
Reynor: GSL Loss Wasn't About Preparation Format12[IPSL] Spring 2026 Grand Finals - This Weekend!1Weekly Cups (July 6 - 12): Protoss strike back12BSL Season 22 Full Overview & Conclusion8BSL Season 22 Full Overview & Conclusion8
StarCraft 2
General
Weekly Cups (July 6 - 12): Protoss strike back Serral wins HomeStory Cup 29 Yamato Cup Series Is the larve respawn broken? Interview with an American 16 Year Old Grandmaster
Tourneys
WardiTV Summer Cup 2026 GSL CK #5 Race War RSL Revival: Season 6 - Qualifiers and Main Event HomeStory Cup 29 Vespene Cup #1 — $300+ USD, July 10
Strategy
[G] Having the right mentality to improve
Custom Maps
New Map Maker - Looking for Advice - Love or Hate Work In Progress Melee Maps [D]RTS in all its shapes and glory <3
External Content
The PondCast: SC2 News & Results Mutation # 534 Burning Evacuation Mutation # 533 Die Together Mutation # 532 Nuclear Family
Brood War
General
Pros Debate: Zerg Unfairly Nerfed? (ASL S22 map) screpdb: new Starcraft reporting tool ASL 22 Proposed Map Pool BSL Season 22 Full Overview & Conclusion BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/
Tourneys
[Megathread] Daily Proleagues [ASL22] Wildcard Qualifier [IPSL] Spring 2026 Grand Finals - This Weekend! IPSL Spring 2026 Top 4!
Strategy
Fighting Spirit mining rates Simple Questions, Simple Answers Creating a full chart of Zerg builds Relatively freeroll strategies
Other Games
General Games
General RTS Discussion Thread Nintendo Switch Thread Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread Path of Exile Summer Games Done Quick 2026!
Dota 2
Looking for a Dota Mentor Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
Heroes of the Storm
Simple Questions, Simple Answers Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug
TL Mafia
TL Mafia Power Rank NeO.D_StephenKing vs This Guy From 1 Million Dance TL Mafia Community Thread Vanilla Mini Mafia
Community
General
US Politics Mega-thread UK Politics Mega-thread Russo-Ukrainian War Thread YouTube Thread Canadian Politics Mega-thread
Fan Clubs
The IdrA Fan Club The HerO Fan Club!
Media & Entertainment
Anime Discussion Thread [Req][Books] Good Fantasy/SciFi books Movie Discussion! Series you have seen recently...
Sports
2024 - 2026 Football Thread McBoner: A hockey love story Tennis[sport] Formula 1 Discussion TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
Simple Questions Simple Answers FPS when play League Of Legend on laptop How to clean a TTe Thermaltake keyboard?
TL Community
Northern Ireland Global Starcraft The Automated Ban List
Blogs
Poker (part 2)
Nebuchad
The Experiences We Want and …
TrAiDoS
An Exploration of th…
waywardstrategy
Gauntlet SC2: A Retrospectiv…
Ctone23
ramps on octagon
StaticNine
Funny Nicknames
LUCKY_NOOB
Evil Gacha Games and the…
ffswowsucks
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 8331 users

Magic: The Gathering - Page 54

Forum Index > General Games
Post a Reply
Prev 1 52 53 54 55 56 665 Next
Risen
Profile Blog Joined March 2010
United States7927 Posts
September 14 2011 06:17 GMT
#1061
On September 14 2011 14:41 DEN1ED wrote:
Lifelink is significantly better than vig. Vigilance is only relevant if they are threatening with attackers but lifelink is always relevant. And even if they are going to attack back, the lifelink would most likely equal what they are going to attack for anyways. Unless they have a 4/1 or some. It also scales better with honor of the pure/equipment. And sure, he will be great in draft/block where there are probably going to be lots of werewolves/zombies/vampires but I doubt it will be that significant in standard. Innistrad isn't a full tribal block like lorwyn so I highly doubt there will be full tribal decks that are competitive. If this was a card in lorwyn and had pro goblins/merfolk/elves, it would be insane.


This is where a difference of viewpoints come into play. I'm a drafter XD
Pufftrees Everyday>its like a rifter that just used X-Factor/Liquid'Nony: I hope no one lip read XD/Holyflare>it's like policy lynching but better/Resident Los Angeles bachelor
MCMcEmcee
Profile Joined April 2008
United States1609 Posts
September 14 2011 12:17 GMT
#1062
planning on splintering some exarchs this weekend~
[iHs]MCMcEmcee@UFO | のヮの
deth2munkies
Profile Blog Joined April 2010
United States4051 Posts
September 14 2011 13:35 GMT
#1063
My cards (in theory) should arrive on Friday afternoon, and I will finally have a Standard deck. If not, Saturday night drafts.

It's my birthday tomorrrow, so hopefully I'll end up with some spare cash to keep drafting/put together a commander deck.
Cel.erity
Profile Blog Joined September 2010
United States4890 Posts
September 14 2011 14:42 GMT
#1064
On September 14 2011 22:35 deth2munkies wrote:
My cards (in theory) should arrive on Friday afternoon, and I will finally have a Standard deck. If not, Saturday night drafts.

It's my birthday tomorrrow, so hopefully I'll end up with some spare cash to keep drafting/put together a commander deck.


Happy birthday man.

What standard deck are you building?
We found Dove in a soapless place.
deth2munkies
Profile Blog Joined April 2010
United States4051 Posts
September 14 2011 14:57 GMT
#1065
On September 14 2011 23:42 Cel.erity wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 14 2011 22:35 deth2munkies wrote:
My cards (in theory) should arrive on Friday afternoon, and I will finally have a Standard deck. If not, Saturday night drafts.

It's my birthday tomorrrow, so hopefully I'll end up with some spare cash to keep drafting/put together a commander deck.


Happy birthday man.

What standard deck are you building?

Thanks. It's illusions with a few budget tweaks and changes to make it resistant to the rotation. I posted the decklist here a while back. (On phone atm)







slyboogie
Profile Blog Joined March 2011
United States3423 Posts
September 14 2011 20:07 GMT
#1066
I lost to a my local store's owner who took the pre-constructed illusion deck and threw in a bunch of automatons and more lords - along with some other stuff like Grand Architect. It was pretty funny, since he raw dogged it without a sideboard. It wasn't really the Illusions that killed me but the Automaton-ed/Grand Architect-ed Wizards. Nothing like facing down a board of 7/7 Aether Adept.
"We dug coal together." Boyd Crowder, Justified
Risen
Profile Blog Joined March 2010
United States7927 Posts
September 14 2011 20:14 GMT
#1067
On September 15 2011 05:07 slyboogie wrote:
I lost to a my local store's owner who took the pre-constructed illusion deck and threw in a bunch of automatons and more lords - along with some other stuff like Grand Architect. It was pretty funny, since he raw dogged it without a sideboard. It wasn't really the Illusions that killed me but the Automaton-ed/Grand Architect-ed Wizards. Nothing like facing down a board of 7/7 Aether Adept.


What were you running? Why'd you lose? Just bad draws with no removal?
Pufftrees Everyday>its like a rifter that just used X-Factor/Liquid'Nony: I hope no one lip read XD/Holyflare>it's like policy lynching but better/Resident Los Angeles bachelor
slyboogie
Profile Blog Joined March 2011
United States3423 Posts
September 14 2011 20:30 GMT
#1068
On September 15 2011 05:14 Risen wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 15 2011 05:07 slyboogie wrote:
I lost to a my local store's owner who took the pre-constructed illusion deck and threw in a bunch of automatons and more lords - along with some other stuff like Grand Architect. It was pretty funny, since he raw dogged it without a sideboard. It wasn't really the Illusions that killed me but the Automaton-ed/Grand Architect-ed Wizards. Nothing like facing down a board of 7/7 Aether Adept.


What were you running? Why'd you lose? Just bad draws with no removal?


U/W mid-range Venser. I also probably didn't take him seriously enough, it was a really small 8-man standard tournament on a Sunday afternoon. I didn't mulligan a truly terrible hand in game 2 and in game three he got a Phantasmal Dragon up and running with a Lord of the Unreal - I never drew Oblivion Ring, basically a three turn clock for me. But I don't want to make it seem like I let him win, he beat me fair.

"We dug coal together." Boyd Crowder, Justified
deth2munkies
Profile Blog Joined April 2010
United States4051 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 21:14:18
September 14 2011 21:12 GMT
#1069
I'm not a huge fan of the automatons, they aren't blue (unless you pay 1 every turn) so they don't get boosted by Grand Architect, and they add nothing, where Grand Architect adds the Artifact mana thing and LotU gives Hexproof to all your guys that need it. I play a singleton Caged Sun in addition to the lords/architects/images for a total of 13 (possible) lord effects. Caged Sun is a beating in a mono-colored deck and is really easy to get out with GA in play.

The only other non lord/illusion creatures I have are 2 Treasure Mages in the sideboard that help fetch Wurmcoil Engines, Mindslaver, or Caged Sun in matches where I either need lategame or need more blockers + a win condition (like monored).

My list:
+ Show Spoiler +
4x Phantasmal Bear
4x Phantasmal Image
4x Phantasmal Dragon
4x Lord of the Unreal
4x Grand Architect
22x Island
3x Mana Leak
3x Ponder
2x Gitaxian Probe
2x Wurmcoil Engine
3x Disperse
1x Caged Sun
4x Unified Will

Sideboard:
4x Flashfreeze
4x Dismember
2x Vapor Snag
1x Mindslaver
2x Treasure Mage
2x Torpor Orb


Here's a rundown of the questionable things:

2 Torpor Orbs are for pod/twin decks...I might actually cut them post-rotation because it doesn't look like there's a lot of "come into the battlefield" abilities apart from Snapcaster mage.

2 Vapor Snags are because A: I owned them already, B: I wanted 1 mana answers in aggro mirrors. They kill bears, bounce Goblin Guides after they give me my land, and will also answer the vampires and humans in Innistrad that are reliant on building up +1/+1 counters.

1 Mindslaver is a tutor target for Treasure Mage and my best weapon against U/B control. They have what it takes to keep my board down early then drop a huge threat I can't easily deal with (like Grave Titan), Mindslaver can keep that from happening if I get it out.

OK, that's weak, you got me, I put it in for funzies.

3 Disperse: Into the Roil is rotating and goes for over $1, I own 2 already, easy choice.

4 Unified Will: I will almost always have more creatures on the board and having a hard counter is a good idea. These were spell pierces, which would probably be better, but they went from .75 to $1.50 and the 2 sites I wanted to buy from were sold out.

No Metamorphs: too expensive. Phantasmal Image already doubled in price from when I made the list, I couldn't afford to spend $4-6 per Metamorph too. I wanted to keep it under $100, and with shipping, all the stuff I didn't have came out to $78.

Rest of the stuff is self-explanatory. This is my first Standard deck ever, so it's still rough and I'll probably work on it more once Innistrad comes out. Hopefully once the common utility spells are all released I'll be able to upgrade some of my stuff and replace the Unified Wills.
Orpheos
Profile Joined April 2010
United States1663 Posts
September 14 2011 21:18 GMT
#1070
in what case would you rather have a caged sun that simply another wurmcoil engine?
i guess if the +1/+1 made it so that you have lethal on board. but seems bad. the key to deckbuilding when you start out is not trying to get too cute with things.

also vapor snags seem really bad. so do the disperses. im not sure what to put instead because I havent really played the deck and dont know what the meta will look like.
slyboogie
Profile Blog Joined March 2011
United States3423 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 21:28:29
September 14 2011 21:21 GMT
#1071
I think you'll find that the Automaton is better than the Caged Sun. And just run Into the Roil instead of Disperse and Preordain instead of Ponder, since you're playing Unified Will anyways.

EDIT: Sorry, didn't read your reasoning for Into the Roil/Disperse. But, Preordain over Ponder for sure. Also, your Hexproof Dragon is, basically, going to have to win you games a third of the time, I'd think.
"We dug coal together." Boyd Crowder, Justified
DEN1ED
Profile Joined December 2009
United States1087 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 21:33:52
September 14 2011 21:27 GMT
#1072
Disperse isn't really a replacement for into the roil. That's like not having swords for caw-blade and playing greatsword instead. It would be better to just run more counters or land. With wurmcoil and caged sun, 22 seems very light.

And ya, preordain over ponder but I guess you are planning for post rotation so w/e. You also say you dont like automaton when comparing him to architect. But if you compare him to caged sun, he is far superior. They both give your team +1+1 but one costs 3 and the other 6. And if you have 6 mana in this deck, you don't really need the extra mana from caged sun.
slyboogie
Profile Blog Joined March 2011
United States3423 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 21:41:58
September 14 2011 21:40 GMT
#1073
I just had another thought, just cut all of the Disperses and the Caged Sun. Instead, add 2 Aether Adepts and 2 Automatons! Problem solved: more gas, more tempo. Maybe side a Negate(or Spell Pierce!) or two in case you run into Day of Judgement or Life's Finale or Black Sun Zenith.

EDIT: Ehhh, you're running Unified Will, I guess it's fine.
"We dug coal together." Boyd Crowder, Justified
Jaksiel
Profile Joined November 2008
United States4130 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 21:48:13
September 14 2011 21:45 GMT
#1074
On September 13 2011 18:35 Risen wrote:
Need to find someone who streams other than cel >.< he can't stream 24/7 and I get bored doing homework XD


I haven't posted a new one in a while, but my draft videos can be found at DraftMagic.com, if you click on "Greg Jolin" in the sidebar.

Grand Prix Montreal this weekend. Pretty excited about this one. It's limited, and...it's in Montreal.
Zero fighting.
deth2munkies
Profile Blog Joined April 2010
United States4051 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 21:54:48
September 14 2011 21:47 GMT
#1075
On September 15 2011 06:27 DEN1ED wrote:
Disperse isn't really a replacement for into the roil. That's like not having swords for caw-blade and playing greatsword instead. It would be better to just run more counters or land. With wurmcoil and caged sun, 22 seems very light.

And ya, preordain over ponder but I guess you are planning for post rotation so w/e. You also say you dont like automaton when comparing him to architect. But if you compare him to caged sun, he is far superior. They both give your team +1+1 but one costs 3 and the other 6. And if you have 6 mana in this deck, you don't really need the extra mana from caged sun.


Yes, but I'm either removing countermagic or creatures that actually do something in order to fit them in, and I'm not convinced I want to do either.

Firstly, Disperse and Into the Roil fill identical roles, the only reason Roil is strictly better is that it has an optional cost/benefit, one that 99% of the time I wouldn't be paying.

Disperses are there because this deck cannot deal with certain threats, namely Pyromancer Ascension on turn 2, Consecrated Sphinx, Grave Titan, Sword of Body and Mind, and a charging Shrine of Burning Rage. I can't rely on my countermagic for everything. It also provides tempo when I'm in the aggro role and a backup answer to the Exarch/Twin combo. Hopefully there's a better bounce spell or other answer in Innistrad as I don't like them either but they seem necessary. Aether Adept wouldn't answer most of those threats at all.

Vapor Snags were there to help me with tempo in aggro matches, I don't think they're AMAZING, but they do their job (ever Vapor Snagged a Goblin Guide after it gave you a land on turn 1? It's fun :D). I looked and really couldn't find any budget option I'd want to run over it.

I will never cast Caged Sun for 6 mana, look up Grand Architect. It lets me hold open multiple countermagic whlie still playing threats out quickly and making those threats more potent. I don't see myself losing a game where I have 2+ cards in hand, 2+ creatures on the board, and a caged sun is in play.

Preordain is better than Ponder, but not by much. Definitely not by the $2 more* that Preordain costs than Ponder and the money I'd have to spend stocking up on Ponders post-rotation. I'm quite cheap out of both necessity and nature, which is more the reasoning than any objective or competitive motive.

Also the land count: It's at 22 because this is an exceptionally low curve deck. Everything over 3 I'm cheating on with GA. I don't want to draw more than 4-5 lands in any given game.

*Preordain is $1 and Ponder was $0.49, plus I owned 1 Ponder from a draft.
slyboogie
Profile Blog Joined March 2011
United States3423 Posts
September 14 2011 22:04 GMT
#1076
Caged Sun is just a really expensive Honor of the Pure for you. The +1/+1 is what you seem most interested in, the Mana seems completely secondary once you've got 4 Islands out and a Grand Architect. But do some play testing, maybe you'll have great results with it.

Preordain is much much better than Ponder. Without another shuffle affect, you aren't removing unwanted cards, just pushing them down to the next draw. Preordain removes the unwanted card. I hope Innistrad reveals some type of card quality/draw consistency card that is better than Ponder.

22 land is fine.
"We dug coal together." Boyd Crowder, Justified
DEN1ED
Profile Joined December 2009
United States1087 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 22:23:51
September 14 2011 22:16 GMT
#1077
Bouncing a 1 cmc haste creature isn't exactly the most exciting play. Even if it did give you a land. You are still only breaking even on cards and you aren't actually gaining any tempo since its 1 mana for 1 mana. And if you don't kick into the roil 99% of the time, you are doing it wrong. Sure, if you REALLY have to play it for 2 in order to stop something really bad from happening, go for it, but other wise the card disadvantage is really bad.
deth2munkies
Profile Blog Joined April 2010
United States4051 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-14 22:26:45
September 14 2011 22:24 GMT
#1078
On September 15 2011 07:16 DEN1ED wrote:
Bouncing a 1 cc haste creature isn't exactly the most exciting play. Even if it did give you a land. You are still only breaking even on cards and you aren't actually gaining any tempo since its 1 mana for 1 mana. And if you don't kick into the roil 99% of the time, you are doing it wrong. Sure, if you REALLY have to play it for 2 in order to stop something really bad from happening, go for it, but other wise the card disadvantage is really bad.


I bounce it because I will have a blocker the next turn. Against mono-red, I just have to preserve my life total, even at the expense of developing my board, because Lightning Bolt and Searing Blaze completely fuck me until they rotate out. Like I said, Vapor Snag is a 2 of, in the sideboard, and high on the chopping block list when I can/will get better/new cards once the rotation happens, I just happen to own 2 of them and they fit.

I don't want any CMC 4+ cards in my deck if I can help it. With a low land count and the fact I'm an aggro deck that WANTS to tap out every turn, but is stable enough that I can pass a few turns with counters up, means I don't want to spend 4 mana on an answer, even if it does have a cantrip attached. If I'm ahead enough on board I can afford to kick the Into the Roil, I'm probably gonna win anyway without the cantrip...except maybe against Precursor Golem or something It costs 5x more than Disperse, I already owned one, and is, again, high on the chopping block.
Risen
Profile Blog Joined March 2010
United States7927 Posts
September 14 2011 23:57 GMT
#1079
On September 15 2011 06:27 DEN1ED wrote:
Disperse isn't really a replacement for into the roil. That's like not having swords for caw-blade and playing greatsword instead. It would be better to just run more counters or land. With wurmcoil and caged sun, 22 seems very light.

And ya, preordain over ponder but I guess you are planning for post rotation so w/e. You also say you dont like automaton when comparing him to architect. But if you compare him to caged sun, he is far superior. They both give your team +1+1 but one costs 3 and the other 6. And if you have 6 mana in this deck, you don't really need the extra mana from caged sun.


AND he's a body. Always useful
Pufftrees Everyday>its like a rifter that just used X-Factor/Liquid'Nony: I hope no one lip read XD/Holyflare>it's like policy lynching but better/Resident Los Angeles bachelor
Orpheos
Profile Joined April 2010
United States1663 Posts
Last Edited: 2011-09-15 00:08:00
September 15 2011 00:06 GMT
#1080
ever mental misstepped a goblin guide? or a lethal lightning bolt?

i would still run 24 land tbh. having a mana advantage is always nice. playing spells with 2 mana open seems nice. also getting mana screwed blows especially if it prevents you from curving out. there are red decks with 20 one drops that still run 24 lands because its worth it.

also into the roil is ALOT better than disperse. not even close to the same level.
Prev 1 52 53 54 55 56 665 Next
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
Next event in 9h 6m
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
SpeCial 200
ZombieGrub124
ViBE111
NeuroSwarm 84
Nina 5
StarCraft: Brood War
GuemChi 2128
Rain 1319
Counter-Strike
summit1g9132
Other Games
tarik_tv4709
Grubby2172
Day[9].tv574
shahzam527
C9.Mang0324
ToD213
XaKoH 147
Maynarde57
Organizations
Other Games
gamesdonequick2577
StarCraft 2
Blizzard YouTube
StarCraft: Brood War
BSLTrovo
[ Show 15 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• RyuSc2 23
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• LaughNgamezSOOP
• Migwel
• sooper7s
StarCraft: Brood War
• HerbMon 8
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Other Games
• imaqtpie878
• Day9tv574
• Shiphtur319
Upcoming Events
Replay Cast
9h 6m
CrankTV Team League
11h 6m
Replay Cast
1d 9h
CrankTV Team League
1d 11h
Replay Cast
2 days
RSL Revival
2 days
Clem vs Lambo
Scarlett vs Cure
CranKy Ducklings
2 days
IPSL
2 days
Dragon vs Hawk
RSL Revival
3 days
Classic vs Trap
herO vs SHIN
Sparkling Tuna Cup
3 days
[ Show More ]
IPSL
3 days
Bonyth vs Ret
WardiTV Weekly
4 days
Monday Night Weeklies
4 days
PiGosaur Cup
6 days
The PondCast
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

YSL S3
HSC XXIX
Eternal Conflict S2 E2

Ongoing

IPSL Spring 2026
Acropolis #4
CSL 2026 Summer (S21)
KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 3
RSL Revival: Season 6
CranK Gathers Season 4: BW vs SC2 Team League
SCTL 2026 Spring
Stake Ranked Episode 3
XSE Pro League 2026
IEM Cologne Major 2026
Stake Ranked Episode 2
CS Asia Championships 2026
Asian Champions League 2026
IEM Atlanta 2026
PGL Astana 2026
BLAST Rivals Spring 2026

Upcoming

Escore Tournament S3: W3
ASL S22 SEASON OPEN Day 1
Escore Tournament S3: W4
ASL S22 SEASON OPEN Day 2
Escore Tournament S3: W5
CSLAN 4
Blizzard Classic Cup 2026
HSC XXX
SC4ALL II: StarCraft II
Kung Fu Cup 2026 Grand Finals
Light Tournament 2026
Eternal Conflict S2 Finale
Eternal Conflict S2 E3
Logitech G Connect 2026
StarSeries Fall 2026
FISSURE Playground #5
BLAST Open Fall 2026
Esports World Cup 2026
BLAST Bounty Summer 2026
BLAST Bounty Summer Qual
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2026 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.