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Math help
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rushz0rz
Canada5300 Posts
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Hot_Bid
Braavos36390 Posts
A common problem, called the subgraph isomorphism problem, is finding a fixed graph as a subgraph in a given graph. One reason to be interested in such a question is that many graph properties are hereditary for subgraphs, which means that a graph has the property if and only if all subgraphs, or all induced subgraphs, have it too. Unfortunately, finding maximal subgraphs of a certain kind is often an NP-complete problem. Finding the largest complete graph is called the clique problem (NP-complete). A similar problem is finding induced subgraphs in a given graph. Again, some important graph properties are hereditary with respect to induced subgraphs, which means that a graph has a property if and only if all induced subgraphs also have it. Finding maximal induced subgraphs of a certain kind is also often NP-complete. For example, Finding the largest edgeless induced subgraph, or independent set, called the independent set problem (NP-complete). Still another such problem, the minor containment problem, is to find a fixed graph as a minor of a given graph. A minor or subcontraction of a graph is any graph obtained by taking a subgraph and contracting some (or no) edges. Many graph properties are hereditary for minors, which means that a graph has a property if and only if all minors have it too. A famous example: A graph is planar if it contains as a minor neither the complete bipartite graph K3,3 (See the Three-cottage problem) nor the complete graph K5. Another class of problems has to do with the extent to which various species and generalizations of graphs are determined by their point-deleted subgraphs, for example: The reconstruction conjecture | ||
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SonuvBob
Aiur21550 Posts
The Guises were Catholic, and Henry Guise wanted to end growing Calvinist influence. The assassination of Guise heightened passions and inspired Catholic attacks on Huguenots and their culture. The House of Guise was founded as a cadet branch of the House of Lorraine by Claude de Lorraine, first Duke of Guise (1496-1550), who entered French service and was made a duke by King François I. Claude's daughter, Mary of Guise (1515-1560), married King James V of Scotland and was mother of Mary Queen of Scots. Claude's eldest son, François, became a military hero thanks to his capture of Calais from the English in 1558. In 1558, King François II, married Mary Queen of Scots. By 1559, she had her two powerful uncles of the House of Guise appointed to high positions in the French government. This prompted the Amboise conspiracy in which the Huguenots and the House of Bourbon plotted to usurp the power of the House of Guise. The Duke of Guise and his brother, Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine, in his powerful capacity as a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, controlled French politics during the short reign of the sickly young king, François II. The Cardinal of Lorraine was also leader of the French representatives at the final sittings of the Council of Trent, and, ironically given his family's role in French politics, had fought for a greater willingness to compromise with Protestantism than the Italian and Spanish delegates. Championing Catholicism against the Huguenots, in 1560, the Guise family brutally put down the Conspiracy of Amboise. After King François' death they opposed the more tolerant policy of the Regent, Catherine de' Medici, and their doings provoked the French Wars of Religion. The House of Guise, led by François, defeated the Huguenots at the battle of Dreux, but he was assassinated shortly afterward, in 1563. His son, Henri de Lorraine, became the third Duke of Guise (1550-1588). He helped plan the infamous St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and was responsible for the formation of the Catholic League. The death of the heir-presumptive, the Duc d'Anjou, in 1584, which made the Protestant King Henry of Navarre heir to the French throne, led to a new civil war, the War of the Three Henries, with King Henry III, Henry III of Navarre, and Henry of Guise all fighting for control of France. Guise began the war by declaring the unacceptability of Navarre as King, and his control of the powerful Catholic League soon forced the King to follow in his wake. Immensely ambitious, in 1588 Guise, with Spanish support, instigated a revolt against the king, taking control of the city of Paris and becoming the de facto ruler. After an apparent conciliation, in December of 1588 King Henri III had both the Duke of Guise and his brother, Louis de Lorraine, Cardinal of Guise (1555–1588), murdered during a meeting in the Royal Chateau at Blois. Leadership of the Catholic League fell to their brother, Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne who was commander of the armed forces of the Catholic League. After King Henri III had his brother murdered, the Duke of Mayenne became head of the Catholic League. His nephew, the young Duke of Guise, was proposed by the Catholic League as a candidate for the throne, possibly through a marriage to Philip II of Spain's daughter Isabella, the granddaughter of Henry II of France. Although Mayenne and other members of the House of Guise had murdered, tortured and wreaked havoc on the lives of many French citizens, for the sake of the country King Henri IV bought peace with him and in January of 1596 a treaty was signed that put an end to the League. The senior line of the Dukes of Guise became extinct in 1688. | ||
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
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rushz0rz
Canada5300 Posts
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infinity21
Canada6683 Posts
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
pretty obvious to me | ||
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iNcontroL
USA29055 Posts
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SayaSP
Laos5494 Posts
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
fuck it this is now a lucky star thread ![[image loading]](http://i36.tinypic.com/wcn57m.jpg) | ||
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
![[image loading]](http://i34.tinypic.com/28tzvbl.png) | ||
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SayaSP
Laos5494 Posts
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
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SpiralArchitect
United States2116 Posts
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Hot_Bid
Braavos36390 Posts
The text parodies the grammar-poor patois stereotypically attributed to Internet slang. Frequently, lolcat captions take the form of phrasal templates. Some phrases have a known source (usually a well-known Internet meme, such as All your base are belong to us or Do not want), while others seem to be specific to the lolcat form. There are parallels between the language used in lolcats and baby talk, which some owners of cats often use when talking to them. The superimposed text is usually assumed to be uttered by the cat in the photograph. Common themes include jokes of the form "Im in ur noun, verb-ing ur related noun." This construction is a snowclone stemming from the phrase "I'm in ur base, killing ur doodz," which became a common meme in several real-time strategy computer games. "subjects: i has dem" show the cat in possession of multiple, identical objects, whereas "I has a noun" pictures show a cat in possession of an object. "Invisible noun" show pictures of cats apparently interacting with said invisible object. The related "flavor" (spelled "flavr" or "flavur" in lolcat) shots specifically show a cat (or another animal) licking/eating an item, person or animal (including sometimes themselves) and remarking how "[noun] haz a flavr." "My noun, let me show you it/them" pictures are accompanied by cats apparently presenting or offering an object. Another common lolcat displays a cat with a specific look, which is described by adjective, and the text, "[adjective] cat is [adjective]", "[adjective] cat is not [adjective]" or "Your offering pleases [adjective] cat." A version of this is also stated as "adjective cat is not amused", or "[adjective] cat has run out of [adjective]." There are several well-known lolcat images and single-word captions that have spawned many variations and imitations, including "Ceiling Cat" and "Basement Cat" (or occasionally "Floor Cat") which have become the lolcat metaphors of God and Satan, respectively. Others include "I can has Cheezburger," "monorail cat," "I [verb]ed you a [noun], but I eated it", "hover cat", "Oh Hai I upgraded your RAM," "WANT", "DO NOT WANT!", "Fail", "Nom Nom Nom" (an onomatopoeic word for eating), "Halp!" ("Help!), "Invisible [object or action]", "Proceed," and "Pew pew pew" (an onomatopoeic for shooting). | ||
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
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fusionsdf
Canada15390 Posts
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xhuwin
United States476 Posts
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SayaSP
Laos5494 Posts
BOB SAPP | ||
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