• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EDT 06:47
CEST 12:47
KST 19:47
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
Serral wins EWC 202532Tournament Spotlight: FEL Cracow 202510Power Rank - Esports World Cup 202580RSL Season 1 - Final Week9[ASL19] Finals Recap: Standing Tall15
Community News
[BSL 2025] H2 - Team Wars, Weeklies & SB Ladder8EWC 2025 - Replay Pack4Google Play ASL (Season 20) Announced48BSL Team Wars - Bonyth, Dewalt, Hawk & Sziky teams10Weekly Cups (July 14-20): Final Check-up0
StarCraft 2
General
The GOAT ranking of GOAT rankings Tournament Spotlight: FEL Cracow 2025 Classic: "It's a thick wall to break through to become world champ" Firefly given lifetime ban by ESIC following match-fixing investigation Serral wins EWC 2025
Tourneys
Sea Duckling Open (Global, Bronze-Diamond) TaeJa vs Creator Bo7 SC Evo Showmatch Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament FEL Cracov 2025 (July 27) - $10,000 live event Esports World Cup 2025
Strategy
How did i lose this ZvP, whats the proper response
Custom Maps
External Content
Mutation # 484 Magnetic Pull Mutation #239 Bad Weather Mutation # 483 Kill Bot Wars Mutation # 482 Wheel of Misfortune
Brood War
General
BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/ Which top zerg/toss will fail in qualifiers? Google Play ASL (Season 20) Announced 2025 Season 2 Ladder map pool Flash Announces (and Retracts) Hiatus From ASL
Tourneys
[ASL20] Online Qualifiers Day 1 [Megathread] Daily Proleagues Small VOD Thread 2.0 [BSL] Non-Korean Championship - Final weekend
Strategy
[G] Mineral Boosting Muta micro map competition Does 1 second matter in StarCraft? Simple Questions, Simple Answers
Other Games
General Games
Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread Nintendo Switch Thread Beyond All Reason Total Annihilation Server - TAForever [MMORPG] Tree of Savior (Successor of Ragnarok)
Dota 2
Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
Heroes of the Storm
Simple Questions, Simple Answers Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Heroes of StarCraft mini-set
TL Mafia
Vanilla Mini Mafia TL Mafia Community Thread
Community
General
European Politico-economics QA Mega-thread US Politics Mega-thread Things Aren’t Peaceful in Palestine Canadian Politics Mega-thread Stop Killing Games - European Citizens Initiative
Fan Clubs
INnoVation Fan Club SKT1 Classic Fan Club!
Media & Entertainment
Anime Discussion Thread [\m/] Heavy Metal Thread Movie Discussion! [Manga] One Piece Korean Music Discussion
Sports
2024 - 2025 Football Thread Formula 1 Discussion TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023 NBA General Discussion
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
Gtx660 graphics card replacement Installation of Windows 10 suck at "just a moment" Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread
TL Community
TeamLiquid Team Shirt On Sale The Automated Ban List
Blogs
ASL S20 English Commentary…
namkraft
The Link Between Fitness and…
TrAiDoS
momentary artworks from des…
tankgirl
from making sc maps to makin…
Husyelt
StarCraft improvement
iopq
Socialism Anyone?
GreenHorizons
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 627 users

Newbie Mini Mafia XXXIII - Page 78

Forum Index > TL Mafia
Post a Reply
Prev 1 76 77 78 79 80 Next
Hapahauli
Profile Joined May 2009
United States9305 Posts
December 31 2012 04:06 GMT
#1541
On December 31 2012 12:57 cakepie wrote:
Show nested quote +
On December 31 2012 12:49 cakepie wrote:
Fundamental scumhunting is bread and butter for town and blue alike, in order to build strong cases.

Also brush and floss daily! So cheesy when I read it again.

-----

I know I'm just a boring VT, but if anyone would go over my play and critique specific bits I would really appreciate it!

I already know my logical flaw, which Chrom caught: FC could be anything other than RB and still lead to Chrom+Cora RB pair. I was tunneling too hard at FC as one of (scum RB, town RB, or VT) with confirmation bias from Syl's roleblock accounting attempts (town RB read) to see the other possibilities.


The activity and thought you put into the game will get you a long is a huge positive in your play. As long as you keep up the effort, you'll improve very quickly =)

As for other things, I think we've gone over most of them in our PM conversations. As a general bit, I think you want to make the game more technical and complex than it actually is. The game is very simple: find one player that is scummy, and pressure him. Don't try to devise "tricks" and "traps." Being straightforward and direct is almost always a good thing - especially in newbie games.

Also, while I really liked your roleblock analysis, be careful of making too many assumptions in your analysis. You had Syl pegged as the "town RB" and it was pretty clearly wrong. Try to avoid setup/blue-role speculation without very concrete and straightforward information. The game is more about scum-hunting than anything else.
a talking rock that sprouts among the waves woosh
Dandel Ion
Profile Joined November 2010
Austria17960 Posts
December 31 2012 04:28 GMT
#1542
cakepie the biggest thing I think you can improve on is your love of analyzing the "wrong" things.

You should focus more on analyzing the players. Setup stuff CAN work, but more often than not it just wastes your time or has unintended drawbacks.

Like, if the game went a bit better for scum and Cora didn't feel the need to claim town RB for whatever reason, you would have totally outted your own town RB. Because mafia always has an information advantage over you.
Sure, the mafia could have deduced him too, even earlier. But they didn't and there's really no reason to point their attention towards it. Some things you don't need to immedeatly share with everyone.


I know I just said what Hapa said, but YOLO.
A backwards poet writes inverse.
Chromatically
Profile Joined January 2012
United States1700 Posts
December 31 2012 04:33 GMT
#1543
On December 31 2012 13:28 Dandel Ion wrote:
I know I just said what Hapa said, but YOLO.

<3
cakepie
Profile Blog Joined November 2012
985 Posts
December 31 2012 05:08 GMT
#1544
On December 31 2012 13:06 Hapahauli wrote:
Also, while I really liked your roleblock analysis, be careful of making too many assumptions in your analysis. You had Syl pegged as the "town RB" and it was pretty clearly wrong. Try to avoid setup/blue-role speculation without very concrete and straightforward information. The game is more about scum-hunting than anything else.


Yeah, that was a really awful flaw in the logic.
Although I had thoroughly convinced myself that a town RB who had responsibly accounted for the roleblocked claims would clearly know who the scum RB was and could win the game out, I did not check off all the possible role-speculation possibilities, and relied too heavily on unreliable reads to peg the roles.

With the benefit of scum QT I can now see the insane self-propagating bias that arose out of me asking FC for his reasoning, prompting his case against syl that only added more confirmation bias to my FC+syl RB pair read.

Still a confirmation bias problem, even after pointing it out myself earlier in the game. =/

Before-lynch thought process:
  • FatChunk's arguments were not convincing enough on their own any way (I still voted him after reading the things he posted while I was asleep).
  • Based on my flawed reasoning, town RB Syl (incorrect) would let FC die, or FC would claim town RB and spark counterclaim havoc.
  • But because I was wrong, FC claimed VT. I was happy to lynch him for that unless either Chrom or Corazon came out and declared FC to be VT.
  • But Chrom quickly found the holes in my logic, while Corazon actually bussed FC, bad move under time pressure without fully understanding the logic .
  • As time ran out both Chrom and Corazon were fine with voting for FatChunk.
    Obvious bus, we'll figure out who later and pray that there is no SK.
    On December 31 2012 09:00 cakepie wrote:
    Doesn't matter, we kill fatchunk anyway.

    Show nested quote +
    On December 31 2012 08:55 cDgCorazon wrote:
    ##Vote: FatChunk

    Show nested quote +
    On December 31 2012 08:56 Chromatically wrote:
    Lies Corazon, I am town RB, you are scum with FC. Full claim with crumbs in a sec.


-----

On December 31 2012 13:28 Dandel Ion wrote:
Sure, the mafia could have deduced him too, even earlier. But they didn't and there's really no reason to point their attention towards it. Some things you don't need to immedeatly share with everyone.


This. Hapa kept reminding me that scum may not have figured everything out yet, with this being a newbie game.
He was right. I kept assuming the worst, which was that scum had already figured the roleblockers out.
They didn't, and we won based on that.

I am acutely aware that I could have lost us a won game right there.

If I had come out earlier with this BS logic, I think scumteam could have digested the information and tried to WIFOM play around it. Chrom might have ended up having a hard time convincing us (shz, sylencia and myself) given the suspicion that had been thrown his way for shepherding the shz voteswitch. So the timing was fortituous, in that scum did not have time to digest the information.

Clearly, the effort is a step in the right direction, I just need to direct my efforts more carefully and efficiently. This game will serve as a reminder to myself to do just that.

-----

On roleblocked claims:

Coming out with the analysis too early was a mistake, but am I right to say that in general it is a good policy for roleblocked claims to be aired out openly? If townies don't lie about it, then scum are also forced to honestly declare when they are roleblocked... right?
Is there any circumstance in which town would want to lie about roleblocks? I imagine it would be convoluted and would involve multiple powers, like in a theme game perhaps.
The obvious downside is that the information is open for both town and scum to see, and I'm sure in a non-newbie game scum would have figured out our blues easily from the information available as of D4.

Aquanim
Profile Joined November 2012
Australia2849 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-12-31 05:15:44
December 31 2012 05:12 GMT
#1545
In the same spirit, does anyone have any comments on my play? For the record, I was deliberately trying for a more aggressive and pushy style for this game - a quick look at early day one suggested to me that there were very few aggressive players in the game and someone was going to have to rock the boat.
Mocsta
Profile Joined December 2012
Australia9388 Posts
December 31 2012 06:07 GMT
#1546
On December 31 2012 14:12 Aquanim wrote:
In the same spirit, does anyone have any comments on my play? For the record, I was deliberately trying for a more aggressive and pushy style for this game - a quick look at early day one suggested to me that there were very few aggressive players in the game and someone was going to have to rock the boat.


I didn't pay detailed attention to the thread when I died.. but I thought in Night 1 though, I made some posts saying to leave you alone, because you appear to be playing the same town game as in the past.

Found it.. http://www.teamliquid.net/forum/viewmessage.php?topic_id=386911&currentpage=35#689

The moral is, its important to be confirmed town.
Hapahauli
Profile Joined May 2009
United States9305 Posts
December 31 2012 06:19 GMT
#1547
On December 31 2012 14:12 Aquanim wrote:
In the same spirit, does anyone have any comments on my play? For the record, I was deliberately trying for a more aggressive and pushy style for this game - a quick look at early day one suggested to me that there were very few aggressive players in the game and someone was going to have to rock the boat.


There's not much to comment on your play-style because I found it really focused and effective. Good job!

I think you played a really good game overall. You're an effective communicator, an active player, and a good case-writer. All that's left for you to do is play some more games and refine your scum-hunting a bit. In particular, I suggest looking at some of the townies you were pushing this game (Spag, Omni, and Orange) and try to figure out where you went wrong.

Regarding Spag, I think you correctly identified a deviation in his play, but didn't consider if that deviation was scummy as much as you should have. In addition, I think you let yourself get caught up in some confirmation bias and didn't objectively consider the defenses of a fairly active townie.

Regarding Omni... VT claims are not scummy. They're stupid, but not damning by any means. Townies can do really stupid things, and as you grow as a player, you need to move away from objective reads (i.e. claiming VT under no pressure = scum) to a more subjective, case-by-case standard (i.e. is this particular player capable of doing this as town). It's tough stuff, but it's what separates the top town players from the solid ones.

Regarding Orange... really can't blame you for finding him scummy =P
a talking rock that sprouts among the waves woosh
Aquanim
Profile Joined November 2012
Australia2849 Posts
December 31 2012 06:21 GMT
#1548
On December 31 2012 15:07 Mocsta wrote:
Show nested quote +
On December 31 2012 14:12 Aquanim wrote:
In the same spirit, does anyone have any comments on my play? For the record, I was deliberately trying for a more aggressive and pushy style for this game - a quick look at early day one suggested to me that there were very few aggressive players in the game and someone was going to have to rock the boat.


I didn't pay detailed attention to the thread when I died.. but I thought in Night 1 though, I made some posts saying to leave you alone, because you appear to be playing the same town game as in the past.

Found it.. http://www.teamliquid.net/forum/viewmessage.php?topic_id=386911&currentpage=35#689

The moral is, its important to be confirmed town.


Well, I pushed the Spag lynch a lot harder than I pushed the Kick one in XXXI - even though Kick was scum in XXXI, noone really paid attention to my case, so I figured I should be more assertive about it.

This game, I push the wagon a little harder, everybody sheeps on, and Spaghetticus flips town. Go figure.
Aquanim
Profile Joined November 2012
Australia2849 Posts
December 31 2012 06:26 GMT
#1549
On December 31 2012 15:19 Hapahauli wrote:
Show nested quote +
On December 31 2012 14:12 Aquanim wrote:
In the same spirit, does anyone have any comments on my play? For the record, I was deliberately trying for a more aggressive and pushy style for this game - a quick look at early day one suggested to me that there were very few aggressive players in the game and someone was going to have to rock the boat.


There's not much to comment on your play-style because I found it really focused and effective. Good job!

I think you played a really good game overall. You're an effective communicator, an active player, and a good case-writer. All that's left for you to do is play some more games and refine your scum-hunting a bit. In particular, I suggest looking at some of the townies you were pushing this game (Spag, Omni, and Orange) and try to figure out where you went wrong.

Regarding Spag, I think you correctly identified a deviation in his play, but didn't consider if that deviation was scummy as much as you should have. In addition, I think you let yourself get caught up in some confirmation bias and didn't objectively consider the defenses of a fairly active townie.

Regarding Omni... VT claims are not scummy. They're stupid, but not damning by any means. Townies can do really stupid things, and as you grow as a player, you need to move away from objective reads (i.e. claiming VT under no pressure = scum) to a more subjective, case-by-case standard (i.e. is this particular player capable of doing this as town). It's tough stuff, but it's what separates the top town players from the solid ones.

Regarding Orange... really can't blame you for finding him scummy =P

Yeah, I applied nearly no critical thought to the Omni wagon. Sheeping on that was my biggest regret later on.
Clarity_nl
Profile Joined November 2011
Netherlands6826 Posts
December 31 2012 06:29 GMT
#1550
On December 31 2012 12:23 Hapahauli wrote:
Show nested quote +
On December 31 2012 12:12 Clarity_nl wrote:
On December 31 2012 09:57 shz wrote:
It is actually incredible how you got nearly lynched on D1 and became basically town for us after that.

@Chrome I was kinda hoping you to be scum. At one point I was so mad at you.


Surprisingly common, Whether you are town or scum, if you come under the spotlight day 1 and live through it people will ignore you for a couple of days.


Super disagree with this. Day 1 image can dog a player for a long time.


Eh, didn't phrase it well enough I guess. I mean if you don't get lynched because people went "ah, actually, he's town" then you have a smooth ride for a while. I agree that day 1 image stays for too long in general :p
If you barely didn't get lynched because someone looked scummier then you're still screwed ^^
FIGHT THE GOOD FIGHT AGAINST STUPIDITY CLARITY, I BELIEVE IN YOU! - Palmar
Spaghetticus
Profile Joined August 2012
Australia451 Posts
December 31 2012 06:32 GMT
#1551
I think the fault in your thinking is that you assumed a stable meta from me. This was my second game, and I think I need to get all my experimenting out of the way before my meta 'settles' and any deviation is considered scummy. The 'fault' was completely understandable, and a non-issue in more advanced play me thinks.

I was tinkering with the extent to which one can be precise without losing town to WIFOM. I was about to start actually making cases, but you bum-rushed me so hard I was gone without a chance to adjust. Of course, if I was scum, your play would have been a crushing victory. IMO a solid play.
Aquanim
Profile Joined November 2012
Australia2849 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-12-31 06:41:30
December 31 2012 06:36 GMT
#1552
On December 31 2012 15:32 Spaghetticus wrote:
I think the fault in your thinking is that you assumed a stable meta from me. This was my second game, and I think I need to get all my experimenting out of the way before my meta 'settles' and any deviation is considered scummy. The 'fault' was completely understandable, and a non-issue in more advanced play me thinks.

I was tinkering with the extent to which one can be precise without losing town to WIFOM. I was about to start actually making cases, but you bum-rushed me so hard I was gone without a chance to adjust. Of course, if I was scum, your play would have been a crushing victory. IMO a solid play.

To be honest, I think I'd have pushed you hard without the XXV meta - that was just what made me overconfident. My problem wasn't that you were different from before, it was that you were being very active (and getting town reads) without doing anything that scum couldn't easily mimic.

I left it as late as I possibly could to give you opportunity to make cases, but between sleep and work I simply didn't have any more time to wait.

These things will happen, I suppose =P

EDIT: So you know, if you play like that again I will push you again, because I stand by my statement you could play like that as scum very easily... but next time there'll be a warning shot first.
yamato77
Profile Blog Joined October 2010
11589 Posts
December 31 2012 07:48 GMT
#1553
Yay town won.

I tangentially followed this game after I died. I would not have guessed FC scum. Cora, though, I might have been able to catch.

GG guys.
Writer@WriterYamato
Corazon
Profile Blog Joined November 2011
United States3230 Posts
December 31 2012 08:01 GMT
#1554
On December 31 2012 16:48 yamato77 wrote:
Yay town won.

I tangentially followed this game after I died. I would not have guessed FC scum. Cora, though, I might have been able to catch.

GG guys.


Sorry about killing you right when you started, but we couldn't afford to have a townie with a fresh perspective on things.
Grubby's #1 Fan
yamato77
Profile Blog Joined October 2010
11589 Posts
December 31 2012 08:19 GMT
#1555
No it was good play on your part. I was definitely a good target at that point. I had strong town reads on the right players and people were listening to me when I pushed kick really hard. I'm not mad at all.

Your scum play is really good, Cora. I ignored you in my initial reads of filters and only after I died did I realize you were probably scum.
Writer@WriterYamato
Corazon
Profile Blog Joined November 2011
United States3230 Posts
December 31 2012 08:28 GMT
#1556
On December 31 2012 17:19 yamato77 wrote:
No it was good play on your part. I was definitely a good target at that point. I had strong town reads on the right players and people were listening to me when I pushed kick really hard. I'm not mad at all.

Your scum play is really good, Cora. I ignored you in my initial reads of filters and only after I died did I realize you were probably scum.


In all honesty, I got lucky with Spag defending me.

There were also a lot of people who played really lurkish, allowing me to accuse them and still take credibility.

I wanted to jump on the OE lynch, but I didn't have a real reason. Then he decided that he wanted to call me scum again, which was a good enough reason for me to vote because he had his read on me swing in so many directions. I know you had something in the obs QT about it.

Grubby's #1 Fan
yamato77
Profile Blog Joined October 2010
11589 Posts
December 31 2012 08:32 GMT
#1557
yeah your vote post gave you away to me there. I tried to make an analysis video of the votes on OE and yours I was going to put as scum but for some reason the recordings never saved and I completely forgot about it.
Writer@WriterYamato
Corazon
Profile Blog Joined November 2011
United States3230 Posts
December 31 2012 08:34 GMT
#1558
I think if I had to change one thing for next game, I would take notes on everyone, and check all of the rb claims. I feel like if I had been thinking about the blue roles before, I might have been able to kill off Chrom before I was found out. I had kind of put them all under the "VT" umbrella.
Grubby's #1 Fan
marvellosity
Profile Joined January 2011
United Kingdom36161 Posts
December 31 2012 10:54 GMT
#1559
I'm tired and hungover, but:

Do not make connection cases between mafia before a mafia flips.

Do not make connection cases between mafia before a mafia flips.

Chromatically practically talked himself out of lynching Kickstart, who was playing one of the scummiest games ever seen, because of connection cases. Yuk!
[15:15] <Palmar> and yes marv, you're a total hottie
OmniEulogy
Profile Blog Joined July 2010
Canada6592 Posts
December 31 2012 12:38 GMT
#1560
it's a bit late but Aqua I think you played really well. If I wasn't a complete amateur I think D1 we could have had a nice conversation and bounced idea's off eachother and possibly saved Spag instead of me just jumping on the wagon. Too bad you wont be in the next game
LiquidDota Staff
Prev 1 76 77 78 79 80 Next
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
CranKy Ducklings
10:00
Sea Duckling Open #137
CranKy Ducklings78
Liquipedia
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
Lowko135
MindelVK 24
StarCraft: Brood War
Britney 29398
ggaemo 896
BeSt 568
Larva 522
Soma 427
Zeus 303
GuemChi 174
Mong 169
ToSsGirL 167
firebathero 155
[ Show more ]
hero 127
Last 100
Rush 99
Bonyth 36
ajuk12(nOOB) 21
Noble 19
sas.Sziky 15
Dota 2
XcaliburYe562
Counter-Strike
Stewie2K1074
Super Smash Bros
Westballz21
Heroes of the Storm
Khaldor230
Other Games
singsing1852
DeMusliM289
SortOf186
Hui .118
OptimusSC28
Organizations
StarCraft 2
Blizzard YouTube
StarCraft: Brood War
BSLTrovo
sctven
[ Show 15 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• Berry_CruncH194
• StrangeGG 46
• LUISG 23
• iHatsuTV 12
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• LaughNgamezSOOP
• Migwel
• sooper7s
StarCraft: Brood War
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Dota 2
• WagamamaTV589
Upcoming Events
BSL20 Non-Korean Champi…
1h 14m
Mihu vs QiaoGege
Zhanhun vs Dewalt
Fengzi vs TBD
WardiTV European League
5h 14m
ShoWTimE vs Harstem
Shameless vs MaxPax
HeRoMaRinE vs SKillous
ByuN vs TBD
Sparkling Tuna Cup
23h 14m
BSL20 Non-Korean Champi…
1d 3h
Bonyth vs TBD
WardiTV European League
1d 5h
Wardi Open
2 days
OSC
2 days
uThermal 2v2 Circuit
4 days
The PondCast
4 days
uThermal 2v2 Circuit
6 days
[ Show More ]
RSL Revival
6 days
RSL Revival
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

BSL 20 Non-Korean Championship
FEL Cracow 2025
Underdog Cup #2

Ongoing

Copa Latinoamericana 4
Jiahua Invitational
BSL 20 Team Wars
KCM Race Survival 2025 Season 3
BSL 21 Qualifiers
ASL Season 20: Qualifier #1
HCC Europe
CC Div. A S7
IEM Cologne 2025
FISSURE Playground #1
BLAST.tv Austin Major 2025
ESL Impact League Season 7
IEM Dallas 2025

Upcoming

ASL Season 20: Qualifier #2
ASL Season 20
CSLPRO Chat StarLAN 3
BSL Season 21
RSL Revival: Season 2
Maestros of the Game
SEL Season 2 Championship
WardiTV Summer 2025
uThermal 2v2 Main Event
MESA Nomadic Masters Fall
Thunderpick World Champ.
CAC 2025
Roobet Cup 2025
ESL Pro League S22
StarSeries Fall 2025
FISSURE Playground #2
BLAST Open Fall 2025
BLAST Open Fall Qual
Esports World Cup 2025
BLAST Bounty Fall 2025
BLAST Bounty Fall Qual
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2025 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.