Protoss is heavily indebted to Babylon 5 for inspiration. In particular Protoss are based off of two races, the Mimbari and the Vorlons. I’d argue that the Vorlons are the main inspiration for the early part of vanilla Starcraft. Basically the Vorlons are an ancient race which represents Order, they are locked in eternal war against their opposites called the Shadows which represent – that’s right – Chaos. Let’s compare the opening plot of vanilla Starcraft to the Vorlon plot:
PROLOGUE:
In the decade since the end of the Guild
Wars, the oppressive Terran Confederacy has
stood unchallenged in its supremacy over
colonized space.
All of that changed four days ago when a
large alien fleet emerged from warp-space and
laid waste to the unsuspecting Confederate
colony of Chau Sara.
The Confederacy, fearing that the alien fleet's
next target will be the colony of Mar Sara,
has sent you to intervene. Acting as
Magistrate, you are to safeguard the
colonists and keep their panic from
escalating any further.
Wars, the oppressive Terran Confederacy has
stood unchallenged in its supremacy over
colonized space.
All of that changed four days ago when a
large alien fleet emerged from warp-space and
laid waste to the unsuspecting Confederate
colony of Chau Sara.
The Confederacy, fearing that the alien fleet's
next target will be the colony of Mar Sara,
has sent you to intervene. Acting as
Magistrate, you are to safeguard the
colonists and keep their panic from
escalating any further.
Wikipedia gives this general entry of what the Vorlons are up to:
By the time of the series, the Vorlons and Shadows have long since lost sight of the original goal. The intent of both elder species was to encourage the growth of younger species through the competition of order and chaos. The conflict metamorphosed into a game for military (rather than ideological) dominion. The Vorlons began to treat the younger species as pawns. This outlook took an extreme shift following the death of the first Ambassador Kosh Naranek, ending with a move to eliminate all worlds touched by the Shadows by means of a planet killer, a huge ship that could reduce a planet to rubble with a single shot.
Indeed, these planet-killers appear to suddenly destroy planets later found out to be corrupted by the Shadows in a similar way in which Protoss fleets totally destroy the Zerg-infested Confederate colonies. Protoss does not have a special "planet killer"-ship in vanilla SC and BW but a similar unit appears later on in Starcraft 2: Wings of Liberty. The trope is the same however.
In this frame we can see that Zerg and Protoss take the role of Vorlons and Shadows. Further, Vorlons are telepathic and locked in massive suits, the fact that Vorlons hide their features differs from Protoss however. The general look of Protoss is more akin to Minbari of Babylon 5 and the Eldar in Warhammer 40 000. Both these races are part of the “ancient enigmatic psyker race” trope.
The Starcraft 1 and Brood War campaigns generally follow how Minbari, Vorlons and Eldar develop – that their pride leads to their fall, that a few of them see some mercy for the weaker human race and fight their arrogant racist brethren.
Minbari
Eldar
The fact that Protoss are so much more bulky and physically strong in comparison to Eldar and Minbari is interesting. The trope is usually portrayed as nimble, dexterous and refined rather than massive and powerful. Perhaps this is just an interesting take on the trope which breathes new life into it or perhaps it’s due to what I believe is the strangest conceptual inspiration for Protoss yet:
Predator is a movie about an alien hunter which is both portrayed as a beast, a barbarian (complete with all the trappings of honour) and a high tech sci-fi creature. I began to realize this as one thing that has always confused me has been the snarling noises that Zealots make in Brood War:
Why is it that this Mimbari/Protoss/Vorlon-inspired trope makes beastial noises? I believe that here the inspiration from Predator shines through. The cloaking which Protoss units are capable of also start to make sense if we think about it through the lens of Predator.
(I can't find the movie as stand-alone, it starts at 1:10)
Do you agree? Not agree? Would you like to add something? Would you like me to try and get into Starcraft 2 inspiration as well? Give me some feedback!