On June 27 2010 22:05 arb wrote: On Topic, no matter what anyone says after watching some stuff on the Ancient Astronaut thing, i firmly believe in it.
Why would you firmly believe in something which is demonstrably shady and a scam.... Start thinking man.
How is a theory a scam? Unless of course there is no merit to the claims and they just try and sell you stuff ;p
"How is a theory a scam"
Are you serious? You do realize that it's not a scientific theory? It's as much of a theory as the Flying Spaghetti Monster theory. Should you believe it just because it calls ITSELF a theory?
I understand it's not scientific theory. And I wouldn't go as far to say it's on par with the flying spaghetti monster, at all. When someone comes forth with some evidence or factual, well represented claims, then I think it deserves attention. Not once did I say you should believe something only for the fact it calls itself a theory, don't put words in my mouth. I really don't see why you come off as defensive, I just wanted a discussion. So I repeat my question, how is THIS theory (ancient astronaut) a SCAM? What have they tried to gain from this? What is being sold? How is it scamming YOU?
On June 27 2010 22:05 arb wrote: On Topic, no matter what anyone says after watching some stuff on the Ancient Astronaut thing, i firmly believe in it.
Why would you firmly believe in something which is demonstrably shady and a scam.... Start thinking man.
How is a theory a scam? Unless of course there is no merit to the claims and they just try and sell you stuff ;p
"How is a theory a scam"
Are you serious? You do realize that it's not a scientific theory? It's as much of a theory as the Flying Spaghetti Monster theory. Should you believe it just because it calls ITSELF a theory?
I understand it's not scientific theory. And I wouldn't go as far to say it's on par with the flying spaghetti monster, at all. When someone comes forth with some evidence or factual, well represented claims, then I think it deserves attention. Not once did I say you should believe something only for the fact it calls itself a theory, don't put words in my mouth. I really don't see why you come off as defensive, I just wanted a discussion. So I repeat my question, how is THIS theory (ancient astronaut) a SCAM? What have they tried to gain from this? What is being sold? How is it scamming YOU?
You can even get some media: Direct contact with ET beings and spacecraft and discerning these from man-made classified technologies. This includes field work out under the stars with Dr. Greer.
Would YOU like some field work out under the stars? Seriously lolz. These guys are serious business. Nuts would never do that!
I guess it's a hoax more so than a scam since it focuses on disinformation more so than on making money (I suppose, though I wouldn't be surprised if going to their seminars cost money or they sold little overpriced trinkets there).
Either way it's obviously not a reliable source and as its been pointed out earlier, the LOWEST form of evidence in the world is eye witness testimony. That's all you've got.
PS, from their website: Join (them) for this unique opportunity to learn how to be an Ambassador to the Universe! This nearly week-long intensive prepares you to make open, peaceful contact with Extraterrestrial civilizations as a citizen-diplomat from Earth.
I would like to be an "Ambassador of the Universe!".
Life in other places throughout the universe, most definitely. Little green aliens flying around getting spotted by civilians? Highly doubt it. The video looks like someone hang-gliding or parasailing at night or something.
You also have to consider that if intelligent life were to travel hundreds of lightyears to our planet, they wouldn't just poke around and take a look. They would have a better fucking reason to travel that far. i.e. to take our planet for themselves. If you are a vastly superior race (capable of travelling hundreds of lightyears) why would you even bother coming here? You would send a probe first to check the place out. If aliens actually showed up in person I would probably make the assumption that they are going to kill us and take our shit, i.e. a solar system full of resources with a habitable planet or two.
If we ever contact an extra-terrestrial species it likely wouldn't be through them observing us stealthily. More likely a situation like the movie "contact" would occur, where we receive some kind of radio transmission from them after they see our radio transmission. (which has only been leaving earth for ~70 years, so they would have to be very close to us to even hear them).
On June 27 2010 22:05 arb wrote: On Topic, no matter what anyone says after watching some stuff on the Ancient Astronaut thing, i firmly believe in it.
Why would you firmly believe in something which is demonstrably shady and a scam.... Start thinking man.
How is a theory a scam? Unless of course there is no merit to the claims and they just try and sell you stuff ;p
"How is a theory a scam"
Are you serious? You do realize that it's not a scientific theory? It's as much of a theory as the Flying Spaghetti Monster theory. Should you believe it just because it calls ITSELF a theory?
I understand it's not scientific theory. And I wouldn't go as far to say it's on par with the flying spaghetti monster, at all. When someone comes forth with some evidence or factual, well represented claims, then I think it deserves attention. Not once did I say you should believe something only for the fact it calls itself a theory, don't put words in my mouth. I really don't see why you come off as defensive, I just wanted a discussion. So I repeat my question, how is THIS theory (ancient astronaut) a SCAM? What have they tried to gain from this? What is being sold? How is it scamming YOU?
You can even get some media: Direct contact with ET beings and spacecraft and discerning these from man-made classified technologies. This includes field work out under the stars with Dr. Greer.
Would YOU like some field work out under the stars? Seriously lolz. These guys are serious business. Nuts would never do that!
I guess it's a hoax more so than a scam since it focuses on disinformation more so than on making money (I suppose, though I wouldn't be surprised if going to their seminars cost money or they sold little overpriced trinkets there).
Either way it's obviously not a reliable source and as its been pointed out earlier, the LOWEST form of evidence in the world is eye witness testimony. That's all you've got.
PS, from their website: Join (them) for this unique opportunity to learn how to be an Ambassador to the Universe! This nearly week-long intensive prepares you to make open, peaceful contact with Extraterrestrial civilizations as a citizen-diplomat from Earth.
I would like to be an "Ambassador of the Universe!".
Thats fine, since I knew about the things they try and peddle to the public, I specifically asked what believing in the theory of ancient astronauts constitutes a scam? I never said anything about the disclosure project, and that was not the focus of my question to you. If you read what I typed again you will see that, thanks for the well written and insightful reply though.
On June 27 2010 22:05 arb wrote: On Topic, no matter what anyone says after watching some stuff on the Ancient Astronaut thing, i firmly believe in it.
Why would you firmly believe in something which is demonstrably shady and a scam.... Start thinking man.
How is a theory a scam? Unless of course there is no merit to the claims and they just try and sell you stuff ;p
"How is a theory a scam"
Are you serious? You do realize that it's not a scientific theory? It's as much of a theory as the Flying Spaghetti Monster theory. Should you believe it just because it calls ITSELF a theory?
I understand it's not scientific theory. And I wouldn't go as far to say it's on par with the flying spaghetti monster, at all. When someone comes forth with some evidence or factual, well represented claims, then I think it deserves attention. Not once did I say you should believe something only for the fact it calls itself a theory, don't put words in my mouth. I really don't see why you come off as defensive, I just wanted a discussion. So I repeat my question, how is THIS theory (ancient astronaut) a SCAM? What have they tried to gain from this? What is being sold? How is it scamming YOU?
You can even get some media: Direct contact with ET beings and spacecraft and discerning these from man-made classified technologies. This includes field work out under the stars with Dr. Greer.
Would YOU like some field work out under the stars? Seriously lolz. These guys are serious business. Nuts would never do that!
I guess it's a hoax more so than a scam since it focuses on disinformation more so than on making money (I suppose, though I wouldn't be surprised if going to their seminars cost money or they sold little overpriced trinkets there).
Either way it's obviously not a reliable source and as its been pointed out earlier, the LOWEST form of evidence in the world is eye witness testimony. That's all you've got.
PS, from their website: Join (them) for this unique opportunity to learn how to be an Ambassador to the Universe! This nearly week-long intensive prepares you to make open, peaceful contact with Extraterrestrial civilizations as a citizen-diplomat from Earth.
I would like to be an "Ambassador of the Universe!".
Thats fine, since I knew about the things they try and peddle to the public, I specifically asked what believing in the theory of ancient astronauts constitutes a scam? I never said anything about the disclosure project, and that was not the focus of my question to you. If you read what I typed again you will see that, thanks for the well written and insightful reply though.
The "theory" of ancient astronauts isn't a scam although people use it as a scam. Raëlism, for instance - and a bunch of religions. Can't blame it for that, but otherwise it's just phony and weak. What single decent argument does this so-called "theory" make?
"Such theories have not received support within the scientific community, and have received little or no attention in peer reviewed studies from scientific journals."
^ There is a reason for this.
I won't screw around on Wikipedia because I figure it's not the best way to educate myself. If you feel you have a decent source, show me what makes you think that this "theory" is worthwhile. I'll gladly explain to you why it's BS.
On June 27 2010 22:05 arb wrote: On Topic, no matter what anyone says after watching some stuff on the Ancient Astronaut thing, i firmly believe in it.
Why would you firmly believe in something which is demonstrably shady and a scam.... Start thinking man.
How is a theory a scam? Unless of course there is no merit to the claims and they just try and sell you stuff ;p
"How is a theory a scam"
Are you serious? You do realize that it's not a scientific theory? It's as much of a theory as the Flying Spaghetti Monster theory. Should you believe it just because it calls ITSELF a theory?
I understand it's not scientific theory. And I wouldn't go as far to say it's on par with the flying spaghetti monster, at all. When someone comes forth with some evidence or factual, well represented claims, then I think it deserves attention. Not once did I say you should believe something only for the fact it calls itself a theory, don't put words in my mouth. I really don't see why you come off as defensive, I just wanted a discussion. So I repeat my question, how is THIS theory (ancient astronaut) a SCAM? What have they tried to gain from this? What is being sold? How is it scamming YOU?
You can even get some media: Direct contact with ET beings and spacecraft and discerning these from man-made classified technologies. This includes field work out under the stars with Dr. Greer.
Would YOU like some field work out under the stars? Seriously lolz. These guys are serious business. Nuts would never do that!
I guess it's a hoax more so than a scam since it focuses on disinformation more so than on making money (I suppose, though I wouldn't be surprised if going to their seminars cost money or they sold little overpriced trinkets there).
Either way it's obviously not a reliable source and as its been pointed out earlier, the LOWEST form of evidence in the world is eye witness testimony. That's all you've got.
PS, from their website: Join (them) for this unique opportunity to learn how to be an Ambassador to the Universe! This nearly week-long intensive prepares you to make open, peaceful contact with Extraterrestrial civilizations as a citizen-diplomat from Earth.
I would like to be an "Ambassador of the Universe!".
Thats fine, since I knew about the things they try and peddle to the public, I specifically asked what believing in the theory of ancient astronauts constitutes a scam? I never said anything about the disclosure project, and that was not the focus of my question to you. If you read what I typed again you will see that, thanks for the well written and insightful reply though.
The "theory" of ancient astronauts isn't a scam although people use it as a scam. Raëlism, for instance - and a bunch of religions. Can't blame it for that, but otherwise it's just phony and weak. What single decent argument does this so-called "theory" make?
"Such theories have not received support within the scientific community, and have received little or no attention in peer reviewed studies from scientific journals."
^ There is a reason for this.
I won't screw around on Wikipedia because I figure it's not the best way to educate myself. If you feel you have a decent source, show me what makes you think that this "theory" is worthwhile. I'll gladly explain to you why it's BS.
You can explain to me why you THINK it's BS, however you do not posses evidence to disprove it, just like I cannot prove without a shadow of a doubt that it's real.
On June 27 2010 22:05 arb wrote: On Topic, no matter what anyone says after watching some stuff on the Ancient Astronaut thing, i firmly believe in it.
Why would you firmly believe in something which is demonstrably shady and a scam.... Start thinking man.
How is a theory a scam? Unless of course there is no merit to the claims and they just try and sell you stuff ;p
"How is a theory a scam"
Are you serious? You do realize that it's not a scientific theory? It's as much of a theory as the Flying Spaghetti Monster theory. Should you believe it just because it calls ITSELF a theory?
I understand it's not scientific theory. And I wouldn't go as far to say it's on par with the flying spaghetti monster, at all. When someone comes forth with some evidence or factual, well represented claims, then I think it deserves attention. Not once did I say you should believe something only for the fact it calls itself a theory, don't put words in my mouth. I really don't see why you come off as defensive, I just wanted a discussion. So I repeat my question, how is THIS theory (ancient astronaut) a SCAM? What have they tried to gain from this? What is being sold? How is it scamming YOU?
You can even get some media: Direct contact with ET beings and spacecraft and discerning these from man-made classified technologies. This includes field work out under the stars with Dr. Greer.
Would YOU like some field work out under the stars? Seriously lolz. These guys are serious business. Nuts would never do that!
I guess it's a hoax more so than a scam since it focuses on disinformation more so than on making money (I suppose, though I wouldn't be surprised if going to their seminars cost money or they sold little overpriced trinkets there).
Either way it's obviously not a reliable source and as its been pointed out earlier, the LOWEST form of evidence in the world is eye witness testimony. That's all you've got.
PS, from their website: Join (them) for this unique opportunity to learn how to be an Ambassador to the Universe! This nearly week-long intensive prepares you to make open, peaceful contact with Extraterrestrial civilizations as a citizen-diplomat from Earth.
I would like to be an "Ambassador of the Universe!".
Thats fine, since I knew about the things they try and peddle to the public, I specifically asked what believing in the theory of ancient astronauts constitutes a scam? I never said anything about the disclosure project, and that was not the focus of my question to you. If you read what I typed again you will see that, thanks for the well written and insightful reply though.
The "theory" of ancient astronauts isn't a scam although people use it as a scam. Raëlism, for instance - and a bunch of religions. Can't blame it for that, but otherwise it's just phony and weak. What single decent argument does this so-called "theory" make?
"Such theories have not received support within the scientific community, and have received little or no attention in peer reviewed studies from scientific journals."
^ There is a reason for this.
I won't screw around on Wikipedia because I figure it's not the best way to educate myself. If you feel you have a decent source, show me what makes you think that this "theory" is worthwhile. I'll gladly explain to you why it's BS.
You can explain to me why you THINK it's BS, however you do not posses evidence to disprove it, just like I cannot prove without a shadow of a doubt that it's real.
The argument from ignorance, also known as argumentum ad ignorantiam ("appeal to ignorance"), or negative evidence, is a logical fallacy in which it is claimed that a premise is true only because it has not been proven false, or is false only because it has not been proven true.
In other words, I think it's false because there's no reason to believe it's true. And you ask me to disprove it. You're asking me to prove a negative. The issue here is, the burden of proof is on you because you make a positive claim.
Unfortunately, I can't disprove it. I can't disprove Santa Claus either. I can't prove to you that Unicorns don't exist. Would you ask me to find evidence to disprove unicorns?
I hope for you that you're smart enough to realize that what you're asking me is absurd.
With that cleared up, unless you're fine with asking me to do something ridiculous and leaving it at that, I want to put you back on the right track. If you care to, give me evidence FOR it, otherwise your "theory" is just a unicorn.
If by aliens you mean ozzie osbourn then yes, i believe lol.
In reality though the likelihood of life existing is really really really really small.
Here is the best answer.
Fred Hoyle calculated the odds that all the functional proteins neccesary for life might form in one place by random events. They came up with a figure or one chance in 10^40,000. (Yes that is a googleplex to the fourth power) considering there are only about 10^80 subatomic particles in the entire visible universe, the physicists concluded that this was "an outrageously small probability that could not be faced even if the whole universe consisited of organic soup"" (Hoyle Evolution from Space pg 24).
Lol that is the odds for protein to form. Now lets look at the odds for an earth like planet capable of even supporting life.
1. A system must have a single stellar body otherwise tempuratures would vary too much. So get rid of about 67% of all star systems.
2. The planet itself must be a certain size in order to rotate properly and must a certain distance from the sun in order for tempurature ranges to stay stable. Mars is too bid and venus too small. It's approximately .83 to 1.2 solar masses, so lets say possibly 1 per solar system (that is pretty high)
3. The planet must have begun by a protoplanetary disk that is short lived otherwise planets would crash into the star too quickly so that eliminates another 50% of stars.
4. There must be no large planets like jupiter with very elipitcal orbits which would destroy smaller planets.
5. There must be some large planets with very circular orbits at the right distance in order to prevent astroids from destroying life.
6. The distance from the sun must be perfect. If the earth was 5% closer or 1% farther from the sun there would be a runaway greenhouse or runaway ice age preventing life.
7. The planets mass have about 0.85 to 1.33 or the earths mass in order to make sure that spieces aren't crushed by the gravity, yet big enough to make sure that there is water vapor.
8. There must be a moon surronding planet in order to have a stable rotation around the sun. WIthout one, jupiter would pull on earth too much and cause the orbit to be impossible to sustain life. The moon is a part of an earth and an asteroid that collided that formed a perfectly sized moon. The odds of this happening are about 1-1million.
9. The crust of the earth must be just right and must stabilize the planet for a few billion years. I will link to an article in a minute.
10. Life must exist. Kinda funny but this is not a given even on a potentially habitable planet. According to Michael Hart "The simplest known organism which is capable of indepedent existence includes about 100 different genes. For each of 100 different specific genes to be formed spontaneously in 10 billion years the probability is 1 in 10^3000. For them to be formed at the same time, and in close proximity, the probability is very much lower." (Hart 222-223)
11. The probability that a spieces hasn't died off even after it formed is also pretty low, don't have exact numbers on that right now.
12. According to NASA there are about 10^12 stars in the universe. Lets take the lenient 1 in 10^3000 odds. Divided by the numbers of stars that leaves the odds at about 10^2988. Given that this number is impossibly huge, I would bet my life for a cheesburger against those odds. In essence, the likelihood of there being other life in our universe is pretty much 0.
Off course this begs this question, well then how does life on earth exist?
[Most quotes were grabbed from the book the book Show me God http://www.amazon.com/Show-Me-God-Message-Telling/dp/1885849532 which is an excellent book if you are interested in mathematics, science, and probability in looking at the explanations of the universe.]
In essence, the likelihood of there being other life in our universe is pretty much 0.
That's pretty cute, especially since it disagrees with every science has shown us. Sorry man. Even if your math were right, you make way, WAY too many wild assumptions. A lot of it is complete BS. I could refute your points one by one but honestly they don't have any merit and are based on unscientific speculation and more importantly THE ARROGANCE of pretending you know the requirements for life to form.
PS: Your source is a religious text which aims to make humans seem more unique and important. Obviously this is part of their agenda. You've been tricked.
The book "Show Me God" is obviously pseudoscience and disinformation. I feel bad for you. There's a reason why you'll never find a real PhD scientist backing up that book and that should be a big clue for you.
In essence, the likelihood of there being other life in our universe is pretty much 0.
That's pretty cute, especially since it disagrees with every science has shown us. Sorry man. Even if your math were right, you make way, WAY too many wild assumptions. A lot of it is complete BS. I could refute your points one by one but honestly they don't have any merit and are based on unscientific speculation and more importantly THE ARROGANCE of pretending you know the requirements for life to form.
PS: Your source is a religious text which aims to make humans seem more unique and important. Obviously this is part of their agenda. You've been tricked.
The book "Show Me God" is obviously pseudoscience and disinformation. I feel bad for you. There's a reason why you'll never find a real PhD scientist backing up that book and that should be a big clue for you.
Lol you haven't read the book, all of the evidence is by leading scientists, from Dawkins to Darwin to Hawking. The reason physicists don't accept it is because it's a non-arugment or an arugment from ignorance. Physicists are only concerned with what can be observed and are not allowed to make conclusions from what they cannot observe. The only things i'm concerned with are the odds of life. Just look up the universe phenomenon, the universe theoretically should not exist right now. What I am talking about is only looking at the possibility of life existing in the known universe. In college, neither biology nor physics even touched this subject, why? Because current scientists can't explain it. There are currently no good theories about it, just try to find a single one. The only good theory right now is that because there is life on earth, it must mean the possibilty of life exists elsewhere. I hate it when people make arrogant decisions about something without even exploring the evidence. This is called Ad hominem and I have no respect for Ad hominem attacks. The OP was asking the question of do aliens exist and my answer is probably not.
In essence, the likelihood of there being other life in our universe is pretty much 0.
That's pretty cute, especially since it disagrees with every science has shown us. Sorry man. Even if your math were right, you make way, WAY too many wild assumptions. A lot of it is complete BS. I could refute your points one by one but honestly they don't have any merit and are based on unscientific speculation and more importantly THE ARROGANCE of pretending you know the requirements for life to form.
PS: Your source is a religious text which aims to make humans seem more unique and important. Obviously this is part of their agenda. You've been tricked.
The book "Show Me God" is obviously pseudoscience and disinformation. I feel bad for you. There's a reason why you'll never find a real PhD scientist backing up that book and that should be a big clue for you.
Lol you haven't read the book, all of the evidence is by leading scientists, from Dawkins to Darwin to Hawking.
All of the "evidence" is distorted.
Real physicists and biologists would laugh at that. It's probably packed with quote mining.
Stuff from Dawkins that has something to do with "What The Message From Space Is Telling Us About God"?
Carl Sagan is probably facepalming really hard right now. Einstein even more so. It's funny that an atheist such as Einstein would be on the cover of a religious book.
Here's a short video detailing how a UFO was seen during the same time when many nuclear missiles were disabled 60ft underground. How is this even possible? or is it all just made up for the sake of television?
1. The overwhelming likelihood is that other life in the universe exists given that the theory of evolution is true (if it's not true, then we're still at a loss as to how we came to be, meaning that even in the habitable zone of star systems it's not a fair assumption to say that life can come to be on those planets)
2. The overwhelming likelihood is that we've not been visited. Even in basic astronomy classes, you learn how unbelievably massive our universe is. The likelihood that alien life is intelligent and more intelligent than us to the point of space flight is small. The likelihood that alien life would have found us is considerably smaller. And the kicker, given the size of the universe and the cosmic speedlimit (c) the likelihood that they would get to us is so small as to almost be absurd.
There is a chance that they are advanced enough to have both located us and developed a method of travel that make space rather than the craft move to get places (something that would require an absolutely absurd amount of energy) is incredibly, unbelievably small, but it is possible.
Maybe Alien can manipulate time? keke . That would be cool. And it explains why we didn't see Alien on Earth. They just travel back in time whenever they are spotted keke.
Ah, I just hoped Alien would kidnap me. When I meet them I will ask if they have technology for immortality? I mean, stay healthy and young forever keke. Every day is 17 years old.
Ah, I will give up everything for immortality.
Wow, I sound like some1 selling soul to the devil. I think devil will come find me and offer immortality if Devil saw this comment.
Here's a short video detailing how a UFO was seen during the same time when many nuclear missiles were disabled 60ft underground. How is this even possible? or is it all just made up for the sake of television?
Second-hand eye witness testimony plus the possibility of human error and a cover-up (and certainly other explanations).
Yeaaaaaaah.
The overwhelming likelihood is that other life in the universe exists given that the theory of evolution is true (if it's not true, then we're still at a loss as to how we came to be, meaning that even in the habitable zone of star systems it's not a fair assumption to say that life can come to be on those planets)
If evolution happens not to be true, we'll have to wonder where all the evidence came from and why nobody ever came close to disproving it before. In fact, if it's not true, we can pretty much say it's been "made to look exactly as if it were true"... which IMO is very ridiculous =P
The overwhelming likelihood is that other life in the universe exists given that the theory of evolution is true (if it's not true, then we're still at a loss as to how we came to be, meaning that even in the habitable zone of star systems it's not a fair assumption to say that life can come to be on those planets)
If evolution happens not to be true, we'll have to wonder where all the evidence came from and why nobody ever came close to disproving it before. In fact, if it's not true, we can pretty much say it's been "made to look exactly as if it were true"... which IMO is very ridiculous =P
I'm not here to argue evolution, but it is necessary to point out that it is an assumption to factor in.
Here's a short video detailing how a UFO was seen during the same time when many nuclear missiles were disabled 60ft underground. How is this even possible? or is it all just made up for the sake of television?
video
That was a neat video, I was surprised to see CNN cover something like that!
In essence, the likelihood of there being other life in our universe is pretty much 0.
That's pretty cute, especially since it disagrees with every science has shown us. Sorry man. Even if your math were right, you make way, WAY too many wild assumptions. A lot of it is complete BS. I could refute your points one by one but honestly they don't have any merit and are based on unscientific speculation and more importantly THE ARROGANCE of pretending you know the requirements for life to form.
PS: Your source is a religious text which aims to make humans seem more unique and important. Obviously this is part of their agenda. You've been tricked.
The book "Show Me God" is obviously pseudoscience and disinformation. I feel bad for you. There's a reason why you'll never find a real PhD scientist backing up that book and that should be a big clue for you.
Lol you haven't read the book, all of the evidence is by leading scientists, from Dawkins to Darwin to Hawking.
All of the "evidence" is distorted.
Real physicists and biologists would laugh at that. It's probably packed with quote mining.
Stuff from Dawkins that has something to do with "What The Message From Space Is Telling Us About God"?
Carl Sagan is probably facepalming really hard right now. Einstein even more so. It's funny that an atheist such as Einstein would be on the cover of a religious book.
Einstein wasn't an atheist. He just didn't believe in a personal god in the tradition of Western religions such as Christianity and Judaism. Hawking has also said explicitly that he believes that there is a god, but that the god does not actively screw around with the universe.