The Big Programming Thread - Page 251

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Thread Rules
1. This is not a "do my homework for me" thread. If you have specific questions, ask, but don't post an assignment or homework problem and expect an exact solution.
2. No recruiting for your cockamamie projects (you won't replace facebook with 3 dudes you found on the internet and $20)
3. If you can't articulate why a language is bad, don't start slinging shit about it. Just remember that nothing is worse than making CSS IE6 compatible.
4. Use [code] tags to format code blocks.

tuho12345

4482 Posts

February 19 2013 02:15 GMT

#5001

Hi everyone, I'm a newbie in programming and Java specifically. I had a little experience with VB, which is significantly easier than Java or C I guess. So I'm kinda stuck right here and wish I'd have more time but it's due tomorrow and I'm struggling with other exams as well.

Here below is my code, and my question is how can I calculate the SalesTotal and SalesCount. I understand the logic but I have no idea how Java works.
Thanks

+ Show Spoiler +

/**
Assignment 2, CS49J, Spring 2013
Part B student
A cash register totals up sales and computes change due.
*/
public class CashRegister
{
      private double purchase;
      private double payment;

//... Add your code here
      private double SalesTotal;
      private int SalesCount;
/**
Constructs a cash register with no money in it.
*/
public CashRegister()
{
       purchase = 0;
       payment = 0;
      SalesCount = 0;
       SalesTotal = 0;
}

/**
Records the sale of an item.
@param amount the price of the item
*/
public void recordPurchase(double amount)
{
      double total = purchase + amount;
//... Add your code here
       purchase = total;

}

/**
Enters the payment received from the customer.
@param amount the amount of the payment
*/
public void enterPayment(double amount)
{
      payment = amount;
      SalesCount++;
}

/**
Computes the change due and resets the machine for the next customer.
@return the change due to the customer
*/
public double giveChange()
{
      double change = payment - purchase;
      purchase = 0;
       payment = 0;
      return change;
}

/**
Get the total amount of all sales for the day.
@param return sale total
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesTotal()
{

      SalesTotal = purchase + purchase;
      return SalesTotal;

}

/**
Get the total number of sales for the day.
@param return the number of sales.
*/
//... Add your code here

public double getSalesCount()
{
      return SalesCount;
}
/**
Reset counters and totals for the next days sales.
@param none
*/
//... Add your code here
public void reset()
{
      SalesCount = 0;
      payment = 0;
      purchase = 0;
      SalesTotal = 0;
}
}

InRaged

1047 Posts

February 19 2013 02:23 GMT

#5002

On February 19 2013 08:37 darkness wrote:

Show nested quote +

Yeah, go ahead if you don't mind. I find C very challenging, sometimes even really hard because Java provides so much more support in my opinion. I try to learn it anyway.

Yeah, Java has significantly richer standart library, where is in C you have to write lots of stuff pretty much from zero. But once you have enough knowledge and experience with C, then it won't be more challenging than Java, and yet your apps will have much better performance.

On February 19 2013 09:23 Abductedonut wrote:

Show nested quote +

This is by no means a pretty solution (I didn't include comments in the for loop that does the actual adding on purpose, variables are named stupidly, etc etc). Also, by no means is the code robust or error free. I didn't really test all the cases. I just wrote the program and verified that it kinda worked. It's up to you from here. Here you go.

Also, this code might go a little above your head. Sorry if it does!

+ Show Spoiler +


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]
{
  char a[100], b[100], temp[100], sum[101];
  memset(sum,0,101);
  scanf("%s",a);
  scanf("%s",b);
  
  //Swap the strings
  if ( strlen(b) > strlen(a) )
  {
     strcpy(temp,b);
     strcpy(b,a);
     strcpy(a,temp);
  }
  
  // We could reuse temp but that's bad practice
  char temp2[100];
  strcpy(temp2,b);
  //Fill b with zeros until strings are aligned
  if( strlen(a) != strlen(b) )
  {
        int difference = strlen(a) - strlen(b);
        memset(b,'0',difference);
        strcpy(b+difference,temp2);
  }
  
  printf("A is: %s \n",a);
  printf("B is: %s \n \n",b);
  char carry = '0';
  short int a_int = 0, b_int = 0, carry_int = 0;
  char temp3[3];
  temp3[0] = '\0';
  temp3[1] = '\0';
  temp3[2] = '\0';
  
  
  for ( int i = 0; i < strlen(b); i++ )
  {
      a_int = a[strlen(a)-i-1] - '0'; //A small hack to convert a character to an int
      b_int = b[strlen(b)-i-1] - '0';
      carry_int = carry - '0';

      sprintf(temp3,"%s%d",temp3,(a_int+b_int+carry_int));
      sum[ strlen(a)-i-1 ] = (temp3[1] == NULL) ? temp3[0] : temp3[1];
      carry = (temp3[1] != NULL) ? temp3[0] : '0';
      
      temp3[0] = '\0';
      temp3[1] = '\0';
  }
  
  printf("Sum is: %s \n",sum);
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

In his exercise numbers are supposed to be separated with space and if you try to sum 9 and 9 you'll end up with 8 instead of 18 ;P

Here's what I ended up with:
+ Show Spoiler +


#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int sumNumberStrings(char *aStr, int aLen, char *bStr, int bLen, char *output);
void reverse(char *str);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	char input[200];
	char output[201];
	char *delim;
	int r;

	gets(input);
	
	delim = strchr(input, ' ');
	if (delim == 0)
	{
		printf("bad string!\n");
		return 1;
	}
	
	r = sumNumberStrings(input, delim - input,	   // number 1
			     delim + 1, strlen(delim + 1), // number 2
			     output);

	if (r != 0) // sumNumberString failed - quit
	{
		printf("bad string!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	printf("result: %s\n", output);
	return 0;
}

int sumNumberStrings(char *a, int aLen, char *b, int bLen, char *output)
{
	char *aEnd, *bEnd, *r;
	int sum, carry, i;

	sum = carry = i = 0;
	aEnd = a + aLen - 1;
	bEnd = b + bLen - 1;

	while(aEnd >= a || bEnd >= b || sum != 0)
	{
		int aVal, bVal;

		if ((aEnd >= a && !isdigit(*aEnd)) || (bEnd >= b && !isdigit(*bEnd))) return -1;

		aVal = *aEnd - '0';
		bVal = *bEnd - '0';

		if (aEnd >= a) aEnd--;
		else aVal = 0;
		if (bEnd >= b) bEnd--;
		else bVal = 0;
		
		sum = aVal + bVal;

		output[i++] = (sum + carry) % 10 + '0';
		carry = (sum + carry) / 10;
	}
	
	if (output[i-1] == '0') i--;
	output[i] = '\0';

	// reverse output string
	i--;

	for (r = output; r < output + i; r++, i--)
	{
		char tmp = output[i];
		output[i] = *r;
		*r = tmp;
	}

	return 0;
}

I'm only studying C as well, so please do critique. By the way, darkness, should this program be able to sum floating point numbers? Anyway, adding such functionality would a be great exercise for you!

phar

United States1080 Posts

February 19 2013 02:24 GMT

#5003

On February 19 2013 11:15 tuho12345 wrote:

Hi everyone, I'm a newbie in programming and Java specifically. I had a little experience with VB, which is significantly easier than Java or C I guess. So I'm kinda stuck right here and wish I'd have more time but it's due tomorrow and I'm struggling with other exams as well.

Here below is my code, and my question is how can I calculate the SalesTotal and SalesCount. I understand the logic but I have no idea how Java works.
Thanks

+ Show Spoiler +

/**
Assignment 2, CS49J, Spring 2013
Part B student
A cash register totals up sales and computes change due.
*/
public class CashRegister
{
private double purchase;
private double payment;

//... Add your code here
private double SalesTotal;
private int SalesCount;
/**
Constructs a cash register with no money in it.
*/
public CashRegister()
{
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
//...Add your code here
SalesCount = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}

/**
Records the sale of an item.
@param amount the price of the item
*/
public void recordPurchase(double amount)
{
double total = purchase + amount;
//... Add your code here
//SalesTotal += total;
purchase = total;
}

/**
Enters the payment received from the customer.
@param amount the amount of the payment
*/
public void enterPayment(double amount)
{
payment = amount;
}

/**
Computes the change due and resets the machine for the next customer.
@return the change due to the customer
*/
public double giveChange()
{
double change = payment - purchase;
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
return change;
}

/**
Get the total amount of all sales for the day.
@param return sale total
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesTotal()
{

SalesTotal = SalesTotal + purchase;
return SalesTotal;

}

/**
Get the total number of sales for the day.
@param return the number of sales.
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesCount()
{

return SalesCount;
}
/**
Reset counters and totals for the next days sales.
@param none
*/
//... Add your code here
public void reset()
{
SalesCount = 0;
payment = 0;
purchase = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}
}

In the future when posting code, please use proper indentation so that we can read it more easily.

Bad:

int foo() {
int bar;
return bar + 1;
}

Good:

int foo() {
  int bar;
  return bar + 1;
}

Also I'm not clear on exactly what you're asking. What are you trying to do? What part are you confused on? Do you know how a variable inside a class works?

tuho12345

4482 Posts

February 19 2013 02:48 GMT

#5004

On February 19 2013 11:24 phar wrote:

Show nested quote +

/**
Assignment 2, CS49J, Spring 2013
Part B student
A cash register totals up sales and computes change due.
*/
public class CashRegister
{
private double purchase;
private double payment;

//... Add your code here
private double SalesTotal;
private int SalesCount;
/**
Constructs a cash register with no money in it.
*/
public CashRegister()
{
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
//...Add your code here
SalesCount = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}

/**
Records the sale of an item.
@param amount the price of the item
*/
public void recordPurchase(double amount)
{
double total = purchase + amount;
//... Add your code here
//SalesTotal += total;
purchase = total;
}

/**
Enters the payment received from the customer.
@param amount the amount of the payment
*/
public void enterPayment(double amount)
{
payment = amount;
}

/**
Computes the change due and resets the machine for the next customer.
@return the change due to the customer
*/
public double giveChange()
{
double change = payment - purchase;
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
return change;
}

/**
Get the total amount of all sales for the day.
@param return sale total
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesTotal()
{

SalesTotal = SalesTotal + purchase;
return SalesTotal;

}

/**
Get the total number of sales for the day.
@param return the number of sales.
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesCount()
{

return SalesCount;
}
/**
Reset counters and totals for the next days sales.
@param none
*/
//... Add your code here
public void reset()
{
SalesCount = 0;
payment = 0;
purchase = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}
}

In the future when posting code, please use proper indentation so that we can read it more easily.

Bad:

int foo() {
int bar;
return bar + 1;
}

Good:

int foo() {
  int bar;
  return bar + 1;
}

Also I'm not clear on exactly what you're asking. What are you trying to do? What part are you confused on? Do you know how a variable inside a class works?

Sorry, I just edited. My question is I'm trying to total the amount of money at the end of the day. It called SalesTotal or getSalesTotal method, I don't know how to add up the total amount of money after all that transaction. I can't use the tester tool to print it out.

public double getSalesTotal()
{

SalesTotal += purchase ;
return SalesTotal;

}

phar

United States1080 Posts

February 19 2013 03:55 GMT

#5005

On February 19 2013 11:48 tuho12345 wrote:

Show nested quote +

On February 19 2013 11:24 phar wrote:

/**
Assignment 2, CS49J, Spring 2013
Part B student
A cash register totals up sales and computes change due.
*/
public class CashRegister
{
private double purchase;
private double payment;

//... Add your code here
private double SalesTotal;
private int SalesCount;
/**
Constructs a cash register with no money in it.
*/
public CashRegister()
{
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
//...Add your code here
SalesCount = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}

/**
Records the sale of an item.
@param amount the price of the item
*/
public void recordPurchase(double amount)
{
double total = purchase + amount;
//... Add your code here
//SalesTotal += total;
purchase = total;
}

/**
Enters the payment received from the customer.
@param amount the amount of the payment
*/
public void enterPayment(double amount)
{
payment = amount;
}

/**
Computes the change due and resets the machine for the next customer.
@return the change due to the customer
*/
public double giveChange()
{
double change = payment - purchase;
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
return change;
}

/**
Get the total amount of all sales for the day.
@param return sale total
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesTotal()
{

SalesTotal = SalesTotal + purchase;
return SalesTotal;

}

/**
Get the total number of sales for the day.
@param return the number of sales.
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesCount()
{

return SalesCount;
}
/**
Reset counters and totals for the next days sales.
@param none
*/
//... Add your code here
public void reset()
{
SalesCount = 0;
payment = 0;
purchase = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}
}

In the future when posting code, please use proper indentation so that we can read it more easily.

Bad:

int foo() {
int bar;
return bar + 1;
}

Good:

int foo() {
  int bar;
  return bar + 1;
}

Also I'm not clear on exactly what you're asking. What are you trying to do? What part are you confused on? Do you know how a variable inside a class works?

Show nested quote +

Do you know how variables inside a class work?

public class Foo {
  private int fooVal;

  public void setFoo(int val) {
    this.fooVal = val;
  }

 public int getFoo() {
   return foo;
  }

  public static blahblah main(more blah) {
    Foo foo = new Foo();
    foo.setFoo(5);
    System.out.println("Number is: " + foo.getFoo()); // Prints 5;
    foo.setFoo(7);
    System.out.println("Number is: " + foo.getFoo()); // Prints 7;
}

tuho12345

4482 Posts

February 19 2013 05:45 GMT

#5006

On February 19 2013 12:55 phar wrote:

Show nested quote +

On February 19 2013 11:48 tuho12345 wrote:

On February 19 2013 11:24 phar wrote:

/**
Assignment 2, CS49J, Spring 2013
Part B student
A cash register totals up sales and computes change due.
*/
public class CashRegister
{
private double purchase;
private double payment;

//... Add your code here
private double SalesTotal;
private int SalesCount;
/**
Constructs a cash register with no money in it.
*/
public CashRegister()
{
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
//...Add your code here
SalesCount = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}

/**
Records the sale of an item.
@param amount the price of the item
*/
public void recordPurchase(double amount)
{
double total = purchase + amount;
//... Add your code here
//SalesTotal += total;
purchase = total;
}

/**
Enters the payment received from the customer.
@param amount the amount of the payment
*/
public void enterPayment(double amount)
{
payment = amount;
}

/**
Computes the change due and resets the machine for the next customer.
@return the change due to the customer
*/
public double giveChange()
{
double change = payment - purchase;
purchase = 0;
payment = 0;
return change;
}

/**
Get the total amount of all sales for the day.
@param return sale total
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesTotal()
{

SalesTotal = SalesTotal + purchase;
return SalesTotal;

}

/**
Get the total number of sales for the day.
@param return the number of sales.
*/
//... Add your code here
public double getSalesCount()
{

return SalesCount;
}
/**
Reset counters and totals for the next days sales.
@param none
*/
//... Add your code here
public void reset()
{
SalesCount = 0;
payment = 0;
purchase = 0;
SalesTotal = 0;
}
}

In the future when posting code, please use proper indentation so that we can read it more easily.

Bad:

int foo() {
int bar;
return bar + 1;
}

Good:

int foo() {
  int bar;
  return bar + 1;
}

Also I'm not clear on exactly what you're asking. What are you trying to do? What part are you confused on? Do you know how a variable inside a class works?

public double getSalesTotal()
{

SalesTotal += purchase ;
return SalesTotal;

}

Do you know how variables inside a class work?

public class Foo {
  private int fooVal;

  public void setFoo(int val) {
    this.fooVal = val;
  }

 public int getFoo() {
   return foo;
  }

  public static blahblah main(more blah) {
    Foo foo = new Foo();
    foo.setFoo(5);
    System.out.println("Number is: " + foo.getFoo()); // Prints 5;
    foo.setFoo(7);
    System.out.println("Number is: " + foo.getFoo()); // Prints 7;
}

yes, i see the difference between Static and non static.

phar

United States1080 Posts

February 19 2013 05:52 GMT

#5007

Sort of... static method and static variable mean slightly different things though:

public class Foo {
  private static int fooVal; // shared between all instances of Foo

  public void setFoo(int val) {
    this.fooVal = val;
  }

 public int getFoo() {
   return foo;
  }

  public static blahblah main(more blah) {
    Foo foo = new Foo();
    Foo other = new Foo();
    foo.setFoo(5);
    System.out.println("Number is: " + foo.getFoo()); // Prints 5;
    System.out.println("Number is: " + other.getFoo()); // Prints 5;
    other.setFoo(7);
    System.out.println("Number is: " + foo.getFoo()); // Prints 7;
    System.out.println("Number is: " + other.getFoo()); // Prints 7;
}

You shouldn't need a static variable if you only have one instance of whatever class it is you're using.

Wry

Canada25 Posts

February 19 2013 06:04 GMT

#5008

On February 19 2013 11:15 tuho12345 wrote:
Hi everyone, I'm a newbie in programming and Java specifically. I had a little experience with VB, which is significantly easier than Java or C I guess. So I'm kinda stuck right here and wish I'd have more time but it's due tomorrow and I'm struggling with other exams as well.

Here below is my code, and my question is how can I calculate the SalesTotal and SalesCount. I understand the logic but I have no idea how Java works.
Thanks

+ Show Spoiler +

Not completely sure what SalesTotal is, but I am assuming it means the total amount of all the purchases? (eg. 3 customers buy items worth $3.00, $2.50 and $1.75, SalesTotal = 6.25 and SalesCount = 3).

First, when creating 'getter' methods, such as getSalesTotal(), you should only really be returning the value you desire and not calculating it in that method. A more logical way to do it would be to add the purchase amount to the sales total as you receive payment or record purchases.

Also, you may want to think of some error cases because it seems that a customer can input amounts less than the item cost and your register will accept that.

Ex. Item worth $100:
recordPurchase(100)
enterPayment(50)
giveChange();

= You lose $50.

Edit: unless the main handles that, though you might want to specify that in comments. (now that I look at it again, it's not completely nonsensical with a main function that handles the register).

tuho12345

4482 Posts

February 19 2013 06:22 GMT

#5009

On February 19 2013 15:04 Wry wrote:

Show nested quote +

On February 19 2013 11:15 tuho12345 wrote:
Hi everyone, I'm a newbie in programming and Java specifically. I had a little experience with VB, which is significantly easier than Java or C I guess. So I'm kinda stuck right here and wish I'd have more time but it's due tomorrow and I'm struggling with other exams as well.

Here below is my code, and my question is how can I calculate the SalesTotal and SalesCount. I understand the logic but I have no idea how Java works.
Thanks

+ Show Spoiler +

Thank you Wry, it's so simple haha. I made that change to the SalesCount but not the SalesTotal, so silly.

Oaky

United States95 Posts

February 19 2013 06:57 GMT

#5010

Im curious how long, and how much effort, would it take to get relatively competent at javascript/php or some other web dev. language so i could offer to redo parts of my schools hideous website. I am intermediate with python.

obesechicken13

United States10467 Posts

February 19 2013 07:15 GMT

#5011

On February 19 2013 15:57 Oaky wrote:
Im curious how long, and how much effort, would it take to get relatively competent at javascript/php or some other web dev. language so i could offer to redo parts of my schools hideous website. I am intermediate with python.

Making sites look good is more about graphic design than html or css imo.

What prior experience do you have?

Oaky

United States95 Posts

February 19 2013 07:21 GMT

#5012

On February 19 2013 16:15 obesechicken13 wrote:

Show nested quote +

Making sites look good is more about graphic design than html or css imo.

What prior experience do you have?

Pretty minimal, been teaching myself python for a few weeks.

AmericanUmlaut

Germany2597 Posts

February 19 2013 08:34 GMT

#5013

That kind of depends on what you mean by "relatively competent." If you just want to make a nice-looking website, you really don't need to go crazy with Javascript and PHP - your PHP just needs to generate decent HTML, you'll want to use CSS to make your layout look nice, and Javascript is probably only necessary if you want to animate something, which is pretty easy if you just use jQuery (which has become pretty much the standard Javascript library, so it's very useful to be familiar with).

Without looking at your webpage, I can only go on what I've seen in other beginners, but I would guess that you're having two problems: Your HTML is likely not well organized, and you either don't have a good sense of what makes a page look nice or you don't have a strong enough grasp of CSS to get the effect that you want. Without seeing code it's hard to help with those things, but if you want to post a link to what you're working on, or a chunk of code that's giving you trouble, then I'd be happy to take a look.

Shield

Bulgaria4824 Posts

February 19 2013 22:01 GMT

#5014

Hey guys, I need a bit of help for C.

What I expect to do:

I'm trying to implement ROT13: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13
Every char (int in this case) is either incremented 13 digits or decremented based on conditions. Then, I'm trying to copy each character to 'string' which I output in the end.

What happens:
I get a 'Segmentation fault' and also these warnings:

test.c: In function Б─≤rot13Б─≥:
test.c:12: warning: passing argument 2 of Б─≤strcatБ─≥ makes pointer from integer without a cast
/usr/include/string.h:136: note: expected Б─≤const char * __restrict__Б─≥ but argument is of type Б─≤charБ─≥
test.c:16: warning: passing argument 2 of Б─≤strcatБ─≥ makes pointer from integer without a cast
/usr/include/string.h:136: note: expected Б─≤const char * __restrict__Б─≥ but argument is of type Б─≤charБ─≥
test.c:19: warning: passing argument 2 of Б─≤strcatБ─≥ makes pointer from integer without a cast
/usr/include/string.h:136: note: expected Б─≤const char * __restrict__Б─≥ but argument is of type Б─≤charБ─≥

tofucake

Hyrule19228 Posts

February 19 2013 22:03 GMT

#5015

you declare int c

then compare int c to several const chars (for one)

Another: you need to cast to a pointer to a character, not to a character.

Shield

Bulgaria4824 Posts

February 19 2013 22:11 GMT

#5016

On February 20 2013 07:03 tofucake wrote:
you declare int c

then compare int c to several const chars (for one)

Another: you need to cast to a pointer to a character, not to a character.

Do you mean this comparison: (c >= 'A' && c <= 'M') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'M')? If yes, I think it's perfectly fine with gcc.
I'm not sure how to do the 2nd thing you mentioned though. Pointers are still new to me.

InRaged

1047 Posts

February 19 2013 22:19 GMT

#5017

Casting to pointer won't solve problem.

strcat.
strcat expects zero-terminated string for both of its arguments.
You give it int, it tries to follow the adress inside int, which is obviously invalid, and so you get segfault.

You need some temp string:
char *tmp = "a";
Then you put your adjusted char there
tmp[0] = c;
and then pass it to strcat
strcat(string, tmp);

Shield

Bulgaria4824 Posts

February 19 2013 22:28 GMT

#5018

On February 20 2013 07:19 InRaged wrote:
Casting to pointer won't solve problem.

strcat.
strcat expects zero-terminated string for both of its arguments.
You give it int, it tries to follow the adress inside int, which is obviously invalid, and so you get segfault.

You need some temp string:
char *tmp = "a";
Then you put your adjusted char there
tmp[0] = c;
and then pass it to strcat
strcat(string, tmp);

It doesn't give warnings now, but it still says:
-bash-4.1$ ./a.out
abcd
Segmentation fault

delHospital

Poland261 Posts

February 19 2013 22:43 GMT

#5019

I'd recommend

char tmp[] = "a";

instead of

char *tmp = "a";

The first one allocates a 2 character array, which is just what we need, while the second one allocates a pointer to a string constant, which could be stored in read-only memory.

Other than that, this should work, but also keep in mind that your "char string[SIZE]" array may contain garbage at the start, which would cause problems with strcat. The easiest way to clear it is (google to see what it does):

memset(string, 0, SIZE);

Also, your program will explode if it receives more than 99 characters.

InRaged

1047 Posts

February 19 2013 22:58 GMT

#5020

Thank you, delHospital. Should be char tmp[];

darkness, If you can use strncat instead of strcat then instead of tmp variable you could do
strncat(string, (char *)&c, 1);
The casting is required in such case, cause your c is int and not char (but it isn't as portable, see Mstring's responce). Last argument tells strncat how much bytes to copy.

Also there is a bug in your algorithm. Check your if conditions to find it ;P

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