• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EDT 11:38
CEST 17:38
KST 00:38
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
Serral wins HomeStory Cup 2914Serral wins Maestros of the Game 243ByuL, and the Limitations of Standard Play3Team Liquid Map Contest #22: Results and Winners7Code S Season 2 (2026): RO4 and Finals Preview12
Community News
Weekly Cups (July 27-Aug 2): SHIN's big week0SC4ALL II: Brood War - $2500 - Dec 5-69SC4ALL II announced - $10,000 prize pool, Dec 5-64PIG STY FESTIVAL 8.0! (13 - 23 August)14Neeb returns to progaming; rejoins ONSYDE18
StarCraft 2
General
Balance hotfix patch 5.0.16b (July 16) StarCraft 2 at SC4ALL II Invite #4/8 - Percival Protoss AoE skill expression 5.0.16 patch for SC2 goes live (8 worker start) StarCraft 2 at SC4ALL II Invite #3/8 - Clem
Tourneys
RSL Revival: Season 6 - Qualifiers and Main Event Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament PIG STY FESTIVAL 8.0! (13 - 23 August) Tasteless Time Warp: SC Evo Showmatch (May 25) SC4ALL II announced - $10,000 prize pool, Dec 5-6
Strategy
[G] Having the right mentality to improve
Custom Maps
Nexus Wars 2021 GUIDE [M] (2) Industrial Park
External Content
The PondCast: SC2 News & Results Mutation # 537 Hostile Territory Mutation # 536 Railroad Switch Mutation # 535 Assembly of Vengeance
Brood War
General
BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/ The Korean Terminology Thread ASL 22 Proposed Map Pool Recent recommended BW games Making an Online Broodwar Manager Game
Tourneys
KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 3 [Megathread] Daily Proleagues Escore Tournament - Season 3 SC4ALL II: Brood War - $2500 - Dec 5-6
Strategy
Odyssey Mineral Stack Saturation Any training maps people recommend? Fighting Spirit mining rates Simple Questions, Simple Answers
Other Games
General Games
Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread Nintendo Switch Thread Diablo 2 thread General RTS Discussion Thread ZeroSpace Early Access is Now Live!
Dota 2
Looking for a Dota Mentor Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
[TL LoL EUW IHs] Teemo shall perish TSM pausing esports and CLG Dead
Heroes of the Storm
Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug
TL Mafia
TL Mafia Power Rank TL Mafia Community Thread NeO.D_StephenKing vs This Guy From 1 Million Dance
Community
General
Iain M Banks Says He Has Cancer And Months To Live US Politics Mega-thread European Politico-economics QA Mega-thread The Games Industry And ATVI Russo-Ukrainian War Thread
Fan Clubs
The Clem Fan Club INnoVation Fan Club The Scarlett Fan Club
Media & Entertainment
Anime Discussion Thread Movie Discussion! Series you have seen recently... [Req][Books] Good Fantasy/SciFi books
Sports
NBA General Discussion Football (Soccer) Thread TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023 Formula 1 Discussion MLB/Baseball 2023
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread Simple Questions Simple Answers FPS when play League Of Legend on laptop
TL Community
The Automated Ban List Northern Ireland Global Starcraft
Blogs
Please support my new stand…
Peanutsc
What is a Gamer?
TrAiDoS
Hello guys!
LIN1s
ASL S22 English Commentary…
namkraft
Poker (part 2)
Nebuchad
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 6943 users

giving sc2 a chance - Page 2

Blogs > alffla
Post a Reply
Prev 1 2 3 4 Next All
ladyumbra
Profile Blog Joined August 2011
Canada1699 Posts
May 20 2012 15:18 GMT
#21

A really fun TVZ between MMA and stephano with a lot of aggression, small skirmishes and harrasment into a very nice series of final battles. A good showcase of both players strengths that made it very back and forth until the end.

( Game two between them which you can also find on that channel is also pretty damn good)

Later I'll try and find one of the vods of hero or mc using some truly awesome stargate play in PvZ, they can really make pheonix dance ^ -^
imPermanenCe
Profile Joined July 2011
Netherlands595 Posts
May 20 2012 15:24 GMT
#22
I think the last 3/4 games of the GSL finals were pretty damn good. Hadn't watched SC2 for weeks/months and I had the option to play D3, but I wasn't disappointed watching the finals. (Apart from the outcome :D )
Micro at its best is like an elegant dance between two people trying to achieve a similar end.
alffla
Profile Blog Joined November 2005
Hong Kong20321 Posts
May 20 2012 15:33 GMT
#23
what fucking assholes gave my blog a 1 star rating. sheesh. thanks to the people that suggested games. going to watch them soon and see what they're like. so far, i've watched the DRG vs MKP winter arena games and wasn't very entertained either.
Graphicssavior[gm] : What is a “yawn” rape ;; Masumune - It was the year of the pig for those fucking defilers. Chill - A clinic you say? okum: SC without Korean yelling is like porn without sex. konamix: HAPPY BIRTHDAY MOMMY!
Inflicted
Profile Blog Joined January 2011
Australia18228 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-20 15:37:43
May 20 2012 15:36 GMT
#24
http://www.gomtv.net/2012gsls2/vod/67119

PartinG vs Polt Game 1 (only free game). No multi-prong attacks everywhere, but constant action and reinforcements.

PartinG vs MarineKing GSTL Finals was much better, but didn't end well so I wouldn't recommend watching it. Had the same situation but with better micro overall, but worse macro.
Liquipedia"Expert"
Teoita
Profile Blog Joined January 2011
Italy12247 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-20 16:31:49
May 20 2012 15:38 GMT
#25
DRG vs MMA at blizzcup finals (the last game of the series is arguably the best starcraft 2 game ever played, but the whole series is quite exciting):
http://www.gomtv.net/2011blizzardcup/vod/66700

Game 2 of Stephano vs MMA at IPL4 is also very good, i don't really have a link to a vod though.

TvT can lead to very good games, off the top of my head Taeja vs Marineking on Atlantis Spaceship from this season's code s ro16 is pretty good. Not amazing, but a good quality game nontheless http://www.gomtv.net/2012gsls2/vod/67123/?set=4&lang=.

The Leenock vs Jakjj GSL final also is pretty good.

An older game that's really good is HerO vs Idra on Metalopolis at some dreamhack a loong time ago; if you can find the replay it's well worth watching.

As someone that watches both sc2 and bw (i started with sc2), bw is the better spectator game right now. On average, the games are just better simpy because the game is more evolved and the players are better. However, sc2 is really, really improving from what it used to be, and i personally find it fascinating to watch the game and strategies evolve as players get better and better. In some of the games i linked you can see there's definitely potential for sc2 to become as good a game as bw imo. Hell, sometimes i wish i could go back in time to the first season of gsl and win it all because people used to be that bad :D

edit: marineking vs kyrix on shakuras plateau in gsl open season 2 would be cool too i guess; mkp's micro in that series changed tvz forever.
ModeratorProtoss all-ins are like a wok. You can throw whatever you want in there and it will turn out alright.
MrF
Profile Joined October 2011
United States320 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-20 16:26:11
May 20 2012 16:22 GMT
#26
Hmm the recent gsl finals comes to mind. hey if you cant watch sc2 then thats your loss but there are many great games and it is entertaining, at least to me and many others.
HunterXHunter is awesome
Thrill
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
2599 Posts
May 20 2012 16:27 GMT
#27
On May 20 2012 22:27 masterbreti wrote:
To be honest. You really aren't going to see anything comparable to bw highlights in sc2. Sc2 is all deathball vs deathball. Unless its 4 gate vs 4 gate pvp. battles are masses vs masses. Micro isn't really as big of an issue as it was in bw or war3.

to be honest the bw players aren't that good at sc2 yet. Effort looks decent, same with Jangbi. but again, its very old school play.


Sadly this is too true.
Chef
Profile Blog Joined August 2005
10810 Posts
May 20 2012 16:37 GMT
#28
Too be honest I've watched a lot of GSL and what we saw last night was some of the most dynamic and interesting StarCraft 2 I've seen. It doesn't hold a candle to BW, but it was genuinely refreshing to see a game not decided immediately by a timing attack. Flash vs Effort was a huge let down, but Barracks vs hero and the game before it were both strategically much more complex than most SC2 games ever get to be.

So I mean, either you like what you see here or you shouldn't bother. Maybe come back in 6 months and see what they've done.

And yeah, SC2 pros are gonna have much more crisp timings that might kill the KeSPA league players right now, but IMO it is much better to watch the KeSPA pros develop an SC2 style that is interesting and have time to perfect it rather than throwing them into the fire and forcing them to adapt by copying the best timings of the pros. I think in a season or two you are gonna see BW pros bring a great style to SC2 that may not be the BW we love but at least it isn't as stagnant as SC2 is right now.
LEGEND!! LEGEND!!
Megaliskuu
Profile Blog Joined October 2010
United States5123 Posts
May 20 2012 16:45 GMT
#29
On May 20 2012 22:27 masterbreti wrote:
To be honest. You really aren't going to see anything comparable to bw highlights in sc2. Sc2 is all deathball vs deathball. Unless its 4 gate vs 4 gate pvp. battles are masses vs masses. Micro isn't really as big of an issue as it was in bw or war3.


Sarcasm right???
|BW>Everything|Add me on star2 KR server TheMuTaL.675 for practice games :)|NEX clan| https://www.dotabuff.com/players/183104694
RageCommodore
Profile Joined September 2011
Germany912 Posts
May 20 2012 17:04 GMT
#30
Really good SC2 games are definitely rarer than good BW games, but they actually happen if really good players clash. The most interesting/ hyping games for me have been either unique or revolutionary games. My personal favorites (in no particular order) are Idra vs Bomber from MLG Orlando, DRG vs MMA G7 from GSL November and MVP vs Squirtle G5 from 2012 GSL S2. Generally, ZvT ist the matchup that produces the best games, although we have seen great games in every other matchup as well.
BW: sGs.sTaRfaLL SC2: MarojiN | fan of: Darkforce, DBS, Last, Mvp, BoguS/InnoVatioN | Executer vs Choosy on Gladiator - Never forget T-T
Split.
Profile Joined September 2011
Switzerland234 Posts
May 20 2012 17:52 GMT
#31
You're not going to be impressed if you are not fully aware of what's going and know why something was remarkable. Also knowing the players and what's on the line helps the excitement tremendously. I watch almost every major tournament but get bored by VODs quite easily.

I'm still gonna leave a VOD though as that's what you were requesting
deafhobbit
Profile Blog Joined July 2010
United States828 Posts
May 20 2012 18:20 GMT
#32
I started a thread about this in SC2 general awhile ago. It went about 15 pages before getting locked, but in the end there were some good recommendations
I cheer for underdogs and Flash
Dalguno
Profile Blog Joined January 2011
United States2446 Posts
May 20 2012 18:28 GMT
#33


This is an old game, definitely not 2012, but my favorite game ever. So many clutch storms, tactical decisions, etc. etc. Definitely worth the watch.
"I'm gonna keep making drones cause I'm a baller, and ballers make drones." -Snute
udgnim
Profile Blog Joined April 2009
United States8024 Posts
May 20 2012 18:29 GMT
#34
some of the best TvZ games in SC2 are Nestea vs sC on Crossfire and MMA vs DRG in G7 of BLizzard Cup on Shakuras

the games are 2011 though



best PvT games would have been Squirtle vs MKP in IPL4 GSTL until a certain something happened. that game occurred in 2012
E-Sports is competitive video gaming with a spectator fan base. Do not take the word "Sports" literally.
UndoneJin
Profile Joined February 2011
United States438 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-20 18:59:55
May 20 2012 18:54 GMT
#35
First off, props for giving it a try. Theres too many people on here that talk constant shit about SC2 and literally know next to nothing about it.

I'm not going to reccomend a particular game or player you should watch, but I definitely would encourage you to watch some GSTL when that starts. The games are almost always at least moderately entertaining and its more fun than watching an individual league. You obviously wouldn't know the teams but you'll definitely pick up on the entertaining and fun players quickly, along with the personalities of the teams.
I've been lost since the day I was born ----- You're gonna carry that weight
ZeromuS
Profile Blog Joined October 2010
Canada13410 Posts
Last Edited: 2012-05-20 19:25:21
May 20 2012 19:24 GMT
#36
Best games? Thats hard to decide for a couple of reasons.

Currently, protoss won a lot last night and all because their opponents made bad mistakes and just seem to not understand the game that well. Protoss in SC2 is a funny race. The army is very good in most direct engagements and if controlled properly seems impossible to defeat. However, they have quite possibly the slowest macro of the three races and have gaping holes in their defenses throughout most of the game until they hit particular key tech timings.

For example, protoss is very very weak to drops against terran until there are high templar and storms out. The reason being that it is really hard to split protoss armies properly. Against terran there is a 2 medivac timing and a 4 medivac timing. The two medivac timing is very strong against a protoss who gets greedy and doesn't have good stalker positioning to push away drops. A 4 medivac timing is really strong because without storm the terran has so so many options from 2 base.

He can contain and take a 3rd, he can 4 medivac drop if there is no vision of the drop and they can 2 medivac drop at the main, 1 medivac drop the natural AND can push whatever units he has at the ramp if any into the natural as a pressure.

This kind of thing happens from time to time but the best example would be MVP vs Parting on metropolis. He gets 4 medivacs, and drops the main and parting has nothing to defend the drop. Once protoss is out of position and is being greedy AND 4 medivacs full of units drop the protoss just dies.

This is the thing about sc2. We went through this odd one base phase, then it went to learning to expand and now its moving into a time where timings are super super good because people are learning how to be very greedy. AND NOW people are learning how to read how greedy each person is being and soon i think within the year if it wasn't for HotS the balance between greed, and safety will be discovered. Then will come discovering how to make reads of greed vs safe.

But right now, its certain timings are really really good. Protoss is destroying PvT right now because protoss is being crazy greedy and so is terran but protoss greed is better than terran greed. Some terrans aren't being greedy enough and they also aren't punishing the protoss greed. So right now lategame TvP, the ball is in Terrans court. Parting is the epitomy of protoss greed and he destroys almost all TvP. Except for MVP. MVP wrecked him because he has some solid timings to kill the extreme greed of the protoss player.

Basically, right now in sc2 there are 2 extremes in the metagame. Greedy as FUCK macro into too big an advantage that can be overcome, or clean as hell timing to destroy the extreme greed. The middle ground of safe greedy, and greedy but with tight tight defense timings and execution is rarely seen.

Parting MKP game one in GSTL finals at IPL4 was the closest we've seen. MKP goes for a 2 medivac push and JUST in time Parting gets 2 templar for feedback on the medivacs, making any stim be permanent damage for MKP. The follow up 4 medivac push was making MKP hesitant to push until he got 6 medivacs (4 with good energy, 2 with low energy). When MKP tries to pressure here while taking his 3rd base (i might be remembering the expo timings a little wrong) were timed out alongside storm perfectly and the late ghosts meant that parting could hold off that attack, expand and it moved into a long macro game with a lot of trades along the way until blizzard ruined the game.

And I didn't post vods because i sent you a PM that is 100 times better than having a vod posted here.
StrategyRTS forever | @ZeromuS_plays | www.twitch.tv/Zeromus_
bITt.mAN
Profile Blog Joined March 2009
Switzerland3693 Posts
May 20 2012 19:31 GMT
#37
On the topic of discussion (slightly), well, LET'S ASK IDRA!


That MMA DRG game was really fucking good (:
Now come and watch just some random OSL finals, lets seee, errr, ok! I haven't watched Iris GGplay 2007 in a while, go watch that, esp game 5:

Goddam THE TENSION, this is GGPlay coming back down 2-0 to a final 2-2 game. At this point in history, there had NEVER been a ZvT reverse all-kill. Quite back and forth, except the game is more constrained because the map doesn't have as many intricacies to exploit and Zerg don't have hard counters (as in, they don't have siege breaker units).

BW4LYF . . . . . . PM me, I LOVE PMs. . . . . . Long live "NaDa's Body" . . . . . . Fantasy | Bisu/Best | Jaedong . . . . .
[UoN]Sentinel
Profile Blog Joined November 2009
United States11320 Posts
May 20 2012 21:10 GMT
#38
On May 20 2012 23:50 Ciryandor wrote:
Show nested quote +
On May 20 2012 23:22 Angel_ wrote:
my question (genuine ignorance coming). Are any of those hype videos from the first two years of broodwar play?
-
Because of maps, because of constant patching, because of people learning (though some like to claim that the learning curve is much faster for people because they're switching from broodwar/more internet communication/more vods and things/etc...), because people tend to get stuck doing the same thing until they're forced to change (but don't really have to because blizzard pats them on the butt and fixes it for them), because it's still only 2 years old, sc2 is still developing a lot. I don't know if there's anything that's going to genuinely excite a person coming from the peak of development of a game they loved.


Most of these videos are 4-5 years in, but the "macro mentality" that SC2 currently has was only 1-2 years in the making here. BW by this time was patch-stable (no more changes to unit/building stats), players were discovering how powerful a macro-oriented playstyle was, and how applying micro-based positioning and tactics to larger armies yielded better results.

To give a comparison in skill level, a B level iCCup player today would probably be competitive with many pro players from the iloveoov era of 2004-2005.


This is wrong. BW's final (and greatest) balance patch game 2 years, 5 months after the release of BW and 3 years, 1 month after SC proper. For comparison it has been just under 1 year, 10 months since SC2's release.
Нас зовет дух отцов, память старых бойцов, дух Москвы и твердыня Полтавы
ladyumbra
Profile Blog Joined August 2011
Canada1699 Posts
May 20 2012 21:47 GMT
#39
When the vods come out next week for the mlg arena that just happened there are some truly truly epic and must see games that occured there. Assuming you're still interested then I could dig them up for you.
babylon
Profile Blog Joined April 2011
8765 Posts
May 20 2012 21:47 GMT
#40
On May 21 2012 01:37 Chef wrote:
Too be honest I've watched a lot of GSL and what we saw last night was some of the most dynamic and interesting StarCraft 2 I've seen. It doesn't hold a candle to BW, but it was genuinely refreshing to see a game not decided immediately by a timing attack. Flash vs Effort was a huge let down, but Barracks vs hero and the game before it were both strategically much more complex than most SC2 games ever get to be.

So I mean, either you like what you see here or you shouldn't bother. Maybe come back in 6 months and see what they've done.

And yeah, SC2 pros are gonna have much more crisp timings that might kill the KeSPA league players right now, but IMO it is much better to watch the KeSPA pros develop an SC2 style that is interesting and have time to perfect it rather than throwing them into the fire and forcing them to adapt by copying the best timings of the pros. I think in a season or two you are gonna see BW pros bring a great style to SC2 that may not be the BW we love but at least it isn't as stagnant as SC2 is right now.

My issue with your statement is that you are essentially saying: "They are not playing the most efficiently, but it's more entertaining that way!" I mean, fair enough, but if I wanted to see entertaining but unpolished play, I can literally just go download 10 NA GM games right now and find entertaining play with weird strategies and odd metagaming all around.

They're going to copy the best timings of the current pros regardless, because their main practice right now in SC2 is through ladder, which is influenced greatly by the GSL and the metagame being developed by the current Code A/S players. I think it was By.Sun who in fact ripped an exact copy of a build that Genius just recently displayed in the GSL and destroyed Jaedong with it last night, while Jaedong tried to play Stephano's roach-based ZvP but without any of the understanding that's necessary for its success, so he just transitioned into getting stomped.

As for my favorite games in SC2 so far, off the top of my head: Parting vs. MKP (not the GSTL games), Parting vs. Polt, Parting vs. Jjakji ... Ace vs. Seed(?) in KSL I think (funny PvP), Taeja vs. Squirtle had some really good games in the Korean Weekly before Squirtle's break-out, TheStC vs. Bomber Game 3 @ MLG, Bomber vs. DRG @ MLG, Ganzi vs. MVP @ MLG, Leenock vs. Jjakji GSL finals, Stephano vs. Kiwikaki (forgot the tourney, probs IPL or something, vortexes and recalls everywhere, first 30 minutes of the game were boring though), DRG vs. MMA.
Prev 1 2 3 4 Next All
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
Next event in 2m
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
LamboSC2 112
ProTech92
BRAT_OK 35
SHIN 22
StarCraft: Brood War
Britney 40889
Shuttle 4515
EffOrt 1095
Larva 448
firebathero 401
ZerO 340
BeSt 327
actioN 291
Stork 253
Rush 201
[ Show more ]
Hyun 78
Sexy 44
JYJ 33
sorry 32
scan(afreeca) 21
zelot 21
Rock 20
HiyA 11
IntoTheRainbow 9
Dota 2
qojqva1839
Dendi852
Counter-Strike
fl0m3373
byalli694
kRYSTAL_49
Super Smash Bros
Mew2King107
Heroes of the Storm
Khaldor147
MindelVK4
Other Games
singsing1610
B2W.Neo817
FrodaN804
Mlord457
Liquid`VortiX188
Hui .182
ArmadaUGS83
QueenE48
amsayoshi11
Organizations
Other Games
BasetradeTV201
StarCraft: Brood War
lovetv 14
[ Show 14 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• mYiSmile133
• Response 3
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• Migwel
StarCraft: Brood War
• Michael_bg 10
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Dota 2
• WagamamaTV157
League of Legends
• Jankos1875
• Shiphtur264
Upcoming Events
PSISTORM Gaming Misc
2m
Ladder Legends
2h 22m
Ladder Legends
4h 22m
RSL Revival
17h 22m
OSC
21h 22m
OSC
1d 8h
WardiTV Weekly
1d 19h
The Patches Monday
2 days
Sparkling Tuna Cup
2 days
PiG Sty Festival
2 days
[ Show More ]
PiGosaur Cup
3 days
Replay Cast
3 days
Kung Fu Cup
3 days
Replay Cast
4 days
The PondCast
4 days
Replay Cast
5 days
CranKy Ducklings
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

Escore Tournament S3: W6
CranK Gathers Season 4: BW vs SC2 Team League
Eternal Conflict S2 Finale

Ongoing

KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 3
K-JUNGMAN
Acropolis #5
RSL Revival: Season 6
Esports World Cup 2026: LCQ
BLAST Bounty Summer 2026
BLAST Bounty Summer Qual
Stake Ranked Episode 3
XSE Pro League 2026
IEM Cologne Major 2026
Stake Ranked Episode 2

Upcoming

Escore Tournament S3: W7
CSLAN 4
ASL Season 22
Escore Tournament S3: W8
Acropolis #5 - TRS
Blizzard Classic Cup 2026
Acropolis #5 - GSA
HSC XXX
SC4ALL II: StarCraft II
Kung Fu Cup 2026 Grand Finals
PiG Sty Festival 8.0
Big Dog Cup 2026 Div 1
Thunderpick World Champ.
ESL Pro League Season 24
Stake Ranked Episode 4
Logitech G Connect 2026
SL StarSeries Fall 2026
FISSURE Playground #5
BLAST Open Fall 2026
Esports World Cup 2026
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2026 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.