|
Hallo hallo TL! This summer I want to work on math, and in general I just want to keep a good stock of books handy for whatever occasion. I know math alright, but I really want to solidify my knowledge and work through all the maths again. Next year I want to try and tackle game theory, but in order to do that my math skills need to improve quite a bit. I also want to learn physics a bit more, but again, need to brush up on my more basic math.
So what I'm looking for are the following:
- GOOD Geometry textbook - GOOD Algebra textbook - GOOD Trigonometry/Precalc textbook - GOOD Calculus textbook
Ideally, a "GOOD" textbook will cover all the main topics, have good explanations, good examples, and plenty of practice problems.
I work at my high school, but I think the text books there are horrible. Also, I'm not a huge fan of the Calc and Precalc book I used at UCSD, so give me some suggestions on good books to get!
Thanks TL!
   
|
I don't think Game Theory uses any of the topics you mentioned above.
Anyways, at University of Toronto, the standard calculus book is by James Stewart. He also has another book on pre-calculus. You should be able to pirate these off someone easily.
If you want to learn physics, it might be better to learn some linear algebra. A pretty simple and well-written book is by Fraleigh and Beauregard. The one by Kolman and Hill is OK too.
These will take you.... at least 6 months to learn properly. If you are still motivated by then, learn vector calculus. Marsden seems to be pretty popular, but I can't promise its readability.
|
Game Theory is mostly Probability/Statistics and a little bit of Calculus.. I took it at UCSD.
|
On June 19 2010 16:09 Gatsbi wrote: Game Theory is mostly Probability/Statistics and a little bit of Calculus.. I took it at UCSD. That's what I thought, too. The topics OP had in mind are too rudimentary.
|
And if Herb Newhouse is teaching it, I recommend waiting till another quarter, that guy sucks at teaching and it's not one of the easiest econ classes.
|
Instead of books, maybe video lectures can be helpful to you. I know my little sister had a great experience using videos from the teaching company. They are pricey (around $100 or less) but worth the investment.
I bought one of the lectures on economics and thought the teaching style was superb, although the professor changes according to lecture. Google: the teaching company.
|
16953 Posts
Get a good linear algebra book, a calculus-based probability book, a statistics text (won't be using this much), and a book that touches on discrete mathematics and maaaaybe some analysis.
You're not going to be learning game theory with only up to calc 2 lol.
Edit: By calculus-based I mean past the level of third semester calculus (basic vector calculus...think things like Stokes' Theorem and shit taught at universities).
|
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Store/index.php
I'd say these books are probably some of the best out there.
However, I think that their Calculus book only goes up to what would be considered Calc II. But in general all of these books are aimed towards those who really want to understand what they're learning, instead of just memorizing.
|
afaik we have two game theory courses
one is pop game theory and requires basic stat and calc
the other requires real analysis
choose wisely
|
Aotearoa39261 Posts
|
have you looked at the stuff at http://www.khanacademy.org/ ? not textbooks but its a bunch of short instructional videos on a variety of subjects ive only looked at a handful of them so im not sure if he goes to the depth that you would want but it might be worth checking out.
|
I agree with illu; a good reference text specifically for calculus would be Calculus Early Transcendentals by James Stewart. It covers all the topics needed up to third semester calculus, and gives a variety of problems for each given topic. Some copies include a very handy set of cheat sheets which contain derivative and integral tables as well as trig tables.
If you're looking to learn physics, the text I like to use is Physics for Scientists and Engineers by Serway. It'll cover most calculus based lower division physics. If you're looking to stretch your legs a bit further into classical mechanics, look up Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems by Thornton and Marion, although I wouldn't recommend this particular book until you understand multivariable calculus. If you're looking for other good physics resources, look up http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hframe.html for a quick reference page.
For linear algebra, Kenneth Kutler's pages look pretty helpful. The linear algebra notes in particular look promising. http://www.math.byu.edu/~klkuttle/0000ElemLinearalgebratoprint.pdf
If you're looking for something more basic in the precalculus realm, look up Wesner's Intermediate Algebra with Applications and Trigonometry with Applications. The examples look great, and each section contains a variety of problems.
Also, it may go without saying, but Wikipedia frequently has useful references to look up while doing problems. I personally learned more from Wikipedia than from the textbook I was assigned in freshman year for basic mechanics.
|
I highly reccomend using this book. It covers everything important from arithmetic (skip this part lol) all the way to calc 3 / basic linear algebra / basic probability
http://www.amazon.com/Engineering-Mathematics-K-Stroud/dp/0831133279/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1276941960&sr=1-1
It's a pleasure to read because it explains things extremely clearly and concisely. Another plus is that it focuses more on examples rather than long convoluted definitions, which I believe is a HUGE flaw in how other math textbooks are layed out.
It helped me go from being a grade 11 c average highschool dropout(although mainly due to sports), to a 4.1 gpa comp sci / math university student.
|
The calculus by Louis Leithold pretty much covers everything in your list.
|
The 2 books written by that author (Strahm?) on linear algebra are the best there are. One of them covers a little of game theory (not the one used in the course).
|
If you want hardcore maths, try Russian authors like Piskunov.
|
It sounds like you want mainly high school math?
Artofproblemsolving would be best for you in general. If you want trig go with Trigonometry by I.M. Gelfand. That book was my bible at the end of 7th grade.
Only you know what prereqs your game theory course actually has, but I would look into that before studying absolutely everything.
If you don't want to spend lots of $$ (i.e. you don't want to spend any), and you just want to brush up on basic high school math, try doing old AMC 10/12s from art of problemsolving contests sections and reading the solutions.
|
Aotearoa39261 Posts
On June 19 2010 21:12 Cloud wrote:The 2 books written by that author (Strahm?) on linear algebra are the best there are. One of them covers a little of game theory (not the one used in the course). The lecturer is Gilbert Strang (he was at my uni the other day giving a lecture on triangle spaces - was pretty funky haha)
|
|
|
|
I want to master lower level stuff before I start moving on to higher stuff like calc 3, linear algebra, etc. I feel OK with lower level stuff, but not like I'm "master" at it... so over the summer that's one of my goals!
|
On June 19 2010 17:30 dig wrote:http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Store/index.phpI'd say these books are probably some of the best out there. However, I think that their Calculus book only goes up to what would be considered Calc II. But in general all of these books are aimed towards those who really want to understand what they're learning, instead of just memorizing.
This. I helped the authors of these proofread some of their books and they are extremely well-written. Tons of "good", unique problems, not like normal textbooks that are just a handful of types of boring problems copied and pasted with different numbers.
EDIT:
So just to clarify, these books intend to (1) teach the basics of algebra/geometry/combinatorics/number theory/calculus and (2) apply this small set of tools to solve beautiful problems, mostly in the context of high school math contests. Most high schools just do (1) but not (2)... it's like telling someone how to hit a nail with a hammer but not saying why you would ever want to do so. Also, there is a really nice book by Paul Zeitz about problem solving that takes a step back and looks at various overarching strategies of how to approach a (math) problem mentally. I always thought it was like teaching the metagame of math contests but I might get in trouble for saying so. :X
|
|
point being, I want to get better at more basic math before trying to handle more difficult stuff !
|
Acops is way too hard, but it might not be a bad idea to try doing some of the earlier problems in amc 12's (generally lower the problem number, easier it is) : http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/resources.php?c=182&cid=44&year=2003&sid=bd49d6b80592604afeb4469d9272519b
The idea is that applying what you've learned to different problems that you haven't seen before can help solidify that knowledge.
For the purpose of getting a more solid foundation in high school math + calculus 1/2, I guess it depends how familiar you are with the material. If you can do the basic computations very well (stuff like factoring, doing easy derivatives/integrals, solving trig equations, etc...) see if you can understand the reasons behind why certain things work.
For example, you might be very good at using the quadratic formula but do you how to derive it? Or you might use the fact that loga + logb = logab but where does that come from? Or the fundamental theorem of calculus, why is it true? Or maybe you use the chain rule a lot but do you know why intuitively it makes sense?
By investigating why certain facts you take for granted are true you can also gain a better understanding of the material.
Point is that reading over book explanations and doing standard exercises can help but doing different problems (as opposed to doing the same ones over and over again) or investigating things is also important to solidifying the fundamentals.
For calculus, I like spivak's book but it might be a little tough.
|
If you want to get a really good understanding of Calculus, and by good understanding I mean learning how to prove pretty much everything that Calculus involves, then get Spivak's Calculus. It's fairly difficult to work through on your own, especially if you're not familiar with proofs, but if you get through it it will teach you proofs better than anything and give you a great fundamental understanding of calculus, though perhaps not as much of a practical facility with it.
EDIT: Didn't see it was mentioned above.
|
Once again . . . for calculus Stewart is the way to go. He's what we used at CMU. + Show Spoiler +and if you have a kindle or don't mind reading from your computer, it's really easy to find on the internet
|
|
Lyriene
United States346 Posts
On June 19 2010 17:30 dig wrote:http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Store/index.phpI'd say these books are probably some of the best out there. However, I think that their Calculus book only goes up to what would be considered Calc II. But in general all of these books are aimed towards those who really want to understand what they're learning, instead of just memorizing.
+1 for this book. The explanations are really clear and the problems are rather difficult compared to other books. I agree with dig that these books focus mostly on concepts rather than formulaic solving.
|
I really like Stewart for Calculus, I find most of what I need there, though some of the proofs are omitted and that kind of sucks.
As for an algebra textbook, I don't know whether you mean abstract algebra or linear algebra. You've got tons of good resources for linear already available. MIT LECTURES ARE AWESOME - as well as many other online lectures found on YouTube and other sites.
So here's a great book for anyone wanted to teach themselves group theory and eventually Galois Theory without any knowledge of abstract algebra whatsoever: Abstract Algebra and Solutions by Radicals by John E. Maxwell and Margaret Maxwell.
I've actually been looking to tutor a lot of math this summer but haven't managed to find many students. I like to really understand concepts in math and find the simplest explanation possible, so if you have any questions, I would love the challenge of explaining! Let me know and I'll send you my email.
EDIT: BTW, the desire to truly master and fundamentally understand things is excellent for mathematics! Math is like a really long linked chain (with branching). When you are doing a proof, you are checking one link in this chain -- you're not proving many of the things that came before that, or many of the things that come "after". You're not constantly reproving that x + 0 = 0 + x = x, for instance. Ask yourself the question "but why?" and "can I prove this?" continuously, and take the time to just noodle around with different equations and stuff.
|
If you're into game theory, study up on Set Theory. It was the subject I studied for my Math degree that has the most direct correlation to gaming. After that you can get into Abstract Algebra, desecrate mathematics, Operations Research, etc to broaden the basic skill set in other ways.
I'd say Calc isn't all that applicable unless you're doing game programming (note this is different from game theory).
|
On July 03 2010 00:14 Oxygen wrote: I really like Stewart for Calculus, I find most of what I need there, though some of the proofs are omitted and that kind of sucks.
As for an algebra textbook, I don't know whether you mean abstract algebra or linear algebra. You've got tons of good resources for linear already available. MIT LECTURES ARE AWESOME - as well as many other online lectures found on YouTube and other sites.
Basic algebra... haha, nowhere near Linear Algebra and stuff yet T_T
|
I used Stewart for Calculus at UCSD. That was also 8 years ago. Oh man.
BTW, take advantage of the fact that older editions are dirt cheap. I was the last class to use my edition, and the price plummeted online from $120 to something like $4.
|
http://www.amazon.com/Differential-Equations-Linear-Algebra-2nd/dp/0131481460/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1278094631&sr=1-1
I used this book for Calculus 4 aka Differential Equations. Out of my four semesters, I thought Diff-Eq was the least intense. The first chapter is especially helpful since it lays out how to solve basic, homogeneous, separable, and exact differential equations - things you're going to see a LOT when studying physics (Newtonian physics, that is...higher levels require a lot of vector calculus). I'm not that great with math, and with this book I was able to teach myself the material since my professor sucked.
|
I always found it hard to learn online. Get a comprehensive book used at your college and you should be fine.
edit: Don't be too picky, just make sure it's in your library and not "just for kids"
|
United States10328 Posts
MIT OCW is awesome.
On June 19 2010 17:30 dig wrote:http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Store/index.phpI'd say these books are probably some of the best out there. However, I think that their Calculus book only goes up to what would be considered Calc II. But in general all of these books are aimed towards those who really want to understand what they're learning, instead of just memorizing.
These are among the best for learning elementary, contest-y math [algebra, geometry, combinatorics (including game theory), and number theory]. (But still overrated!... since they're pretty much the only ones that comprehensive out there. Some people think of them kind of like a Bible... they're not quite that good )
Algebra is the standard Algebra I/II stuff from high school, plus more tricky stuff like Vieta's formulae for polynomials, multi-variable inequalities [Lagrange multipliers = > ], and such. Geometry is standard high school geometry, plus a lot of much more advanced stuff that is really cool but totally useless. I'm still bitter for spending so much time on that -__- Combinatorics is counting and probability, which is much harder than it sounds. Also, it's related to set theory, and whether some macroscopic facts about some set can imply certain structure, and vice-versa. Number theory is the study of integers: integer-solution (Diophantine) equations, factorization/divisibility, and lots more. Closely related to abstract algebra/group theory.
lollll darn I wish I made MOP this year I haven't even solved the TST problems yet (and I've known them for like 2 weeks...)
and Zeitz's book, The Art and Craft of Problem Solving (similar title ftw), is generally geared towards people preparing for the Putnam exam (the biggest/most prestigious (?) college math contest in the US).
All of these have emphasis on proofs, in varying degrees. Earlier Art of Problem Solving books are simpler and not so focused on rigor, whereas more advanced books like ACoPS and harder AoPS books are. (And I'm pretty sure the OCW Linalg course is too, though I haven't finished it yet -__-;;; I probably should...)
Ok I'm not sure how much of that was useful to the OP, but... my two cents for now XD
|
Thanks for all the feedback!
Next question is:
What kind of math do you need to know for modeling, and higher level statistical analysis. I'm leaning towards doing a PhD program in political science (FUCK I KEEP SWITCHING between that and law school, but I feel 70-30 now in favor of doing a PhD program) - and I will likely need to learn how do both modeling and analysis.
What kinds of math does that involve and what's the best route to learn it? Since I'm taking next year off before I go to my grad program, I want to get as much of a head start as possible on that stuff, since it will probably be difficult for me.
|
On July 03 2010 09:10 Xeris wrote: Thanks for all the feedback!
Next question is:
What kind of math do you need to know for modeling, and higher level statistical analysis. I'm leaning towards doing a PhD program in political science (FUCK I KEEP SWITCHING between that and law school, but I feel 70-30 now in favor of doing a PhD program) - and I will likely need to learn how do both modeling and analysis.
What kinds of math does that involve and what's the best route to learn it? Since I'm taking next year off before I go to my grad program, I want to get as much of a head start as possible on that stuff, since it will probably be difficult for me.
I think you either want to do a PhD in statistics, or work with someone who is specializing in statistics. I think it would be very hard for you to master both polisci and statistics at the same time. Remember you don't have to know absolutely everything - just work with someone that knows the stuffs that you don't know.
Assuming you are focusing on polisci, knowing some of the basics of statistics really helps. This allows you to identify the problem at hand more easily so you know when you need to seek expertise.
To that regard, I think if you can do almost everything on Moore's Introduction to the Practice of Statistics, it should be more than sufficient. IPS is non-technical, has no calculus or any other kinds of "hard" math in it, and will provide you with background on applied statistics.
|
On July 03 2010 09:10 Xeris wrote: What kind of math do you need to know for modeling, and higher level statistical analysis. I'm leaning towards doing a PhD program in political science (FUCK I KEEP SWITCHING between that and law school, but I feel 70-30 now in favor of doing a PhD program) - and I will likely need to learn how do both modeling and analysis.
That depends on if you're learning the math behind the statistical modeling or just learning how to do a modeling program. PoliSci majors at the University I just graduated from don't need to take advanced math, the statistics are covered in an undergraduate course or as something extra. You can always check the program's class requirements online to be sure (since most colleges post this).However, in programs like Economics which deal HEAVILY in statistical analysis, they're required to learn single variable, multi-variable, and vector calculus and differential equations (calc 1-4). To be fair, I took an engineering statistics course my second year and all I really needed was single variable calc.
|
Yea, I mean I know how to do stuff like STATA / SPSS , we had to take a class on that as an undergrad, but I'm looking at more advanced modeling and such.
|
On July 03 2010 10:12 Xeris wrote: Yea, I mean I know how to do stuff like STATA / SPSS , we had to take a class on that as an undergrad, but I'm looking at more advanced modeling and such.
I am not trying to discourage you, but I am not sure if you want to go both ways. It's really hard to specialize in two fields (statistics and polisci) that are not closely related in theory - especially at a graduate level. Unless, of course, polisci is totally easy for you because statistics is not that simple.
Since you are in polisci, I think it's enough to grasps the basics; if you really want to do statistics, then you should do a PhD in statistics or other kinds of numerical fields instead.
On a second thought, maybe our defintions of 'advanced modelling' differ.
|
Well, poli sci has gotten to be pretty quantitative , in that formal modeling comes up quite a bit. I want to learn how to do that math so I can be a good / useful political scientist in the future =P
|
On June 19 2010 17:30 dig wrote:http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Store/index.phpI'd say these books are probably some of the best out there. However, I think that their Calculus book only goes up to what would be considered Calc II. But in general all of these books are aimed towards those who really want to understand what they're learning, instead of just memorizing.
I'll second this.
Get the Art of Problem Solving Volumes 1 and 2 + solutions manual. They cost quite a bit but if you want to solidify your foundation in math, this is the way to go. It only goes up to precalculus, but you'll be amazed at how indepth the concepts can be applied and how much better you can understand the fundamentals.
I got them in high school when i was participating in math competitions, and theyre the best textbooks ive EVER purchased.
On another note, http://www.amazon.com/Mathematics-Choice-Without-Counting-Mathematical/dp/0883856158 is a very good choice for probability and combinatorics.
|
I've heard some good things about Calculus: Early Transcendentals if you're looking for like a 100 level look at Calc.
Plus I can get you an electronic copy free >.>
[edit] Also game theory is disappointingly simple if you understand probability.
|
|
|
|