• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EDT 11:49
CEST 17:49
KST 00:49
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
[ASL22] Ro16 Preview: Holy Diver4[ASL22] Ro16 Preview: Rough Waters10[ASL22] Ro24 Preview: Siren's Call8[ASL22] Ro24 Preview: Summer's End9Serral wins HomeStory Cup 2915
Community News
Weekly Cups (Sep 7-12): SHIN, ByuN, MaxPax double down1StarCraft open world shooter announced at BlizzCon98Weekly Cups (Aug 30-Sep 7): herO thrives amid growing schism10Official StarCraft website teases new content ahead of BlizzCon?179Stellar Fest TWO the Moon (Dec 16-20)9
StarCraft 2
General
How do you feel about the StarCraft shooter announcement at BlizzCon 2026? Weekly Cups (Sep 7-12): SHIN, ByuN, MaxPax double down Blizzard Classic Cup @ BlizzCon 2026 - $100k prize pool StarCraft open world shooter announced at BlizzCon Balance hotfix patch 5.0.16b (July 16)
Tourneys
RSL Revival: Season 6 - Qualifiers and Main Event RSL goes to London! 2026 Offline Finals Nov 21-22 SC2 AI Tournament 2026 Fall Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament KSL Week #92
Strategy
[G] Having the right mentality to improve
Custom Maps
Nexus Wars 2021 GUIDE [M] (2) Industrial Park
External Content
Mutation # 543 Enhanced Defenses The PondCast: SC2 News & Results Mutation # 542 The Ascended Mutation # 541 Binary Choice
Brood War
General
Why Protoss Struggles on ASL (Ft. Shuttle, Tulbo) ASL22 General Discussion Syncronization issues and can't find games Remastered crash fix suggestions BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/
Tourneys
KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 3 [ASL22] Ro16 Group D [ASL22] Ro16 Group C [Megathread] Daily Proleagues
Strategy
Replay Review Process - What do you do? Simple Questions, Simple Answers Odyssey Mineral Stack Saturation Game Theory for Starcraft
Other Games
General Games
Nintendo Switch Thread Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread EVE Corporation Diablo IV
Dota 2
Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
[TL LoL EUW IHs] Teemo shall perish
Heroes of the Storm
Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug
TL Mafia
TL Mafia Community Thread
Community
General
US Politics Mega-thread Russo-Ukrainian War Thread Canadian Politics Mega-thread Post Your Watch! Artificial Intelligence Thread
Fan Clubs
MarineLorD Fan Club The Creator Fan Club The ShoWTimE Fan Club
Media & Entertainment
[Manga] One Piece Movie Discussion! Diablo Animated Series on Netflix
Sports
Football (Soccer) Thread TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023 MLB/Baseball 2023
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread
TL Community
The Automated Ban List Northern Ireland Global Starcraft
Blogs
[meme] I finally understa…
LUCKY_NOOB
Virtual Romance, Real-Life C…
TrAiDoS
Regacy Esports:Our Goa…
regacyesports
Dreaming of BW patches (mod…
c3rberUs
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 7585 users

Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread - Page 653

Forum Index > Tech Support
Post a Reply
Prev 1 651 652 653 654 655 746 Next
When using this resource, please read the opening post. The Tech Support forum regulars have helped create countless of desktop systems without any compensation. The least you can do is provide all of the information required for them to help you properly.
Rachnar
Profile Joined October 2010
France1526 Posts
Last Edited: 2017-06-24 18:08:31
June 24 2017 18:03 GMT
#13041
Hey, my psu blew up a couple of weeks ago, got a new one but apparently my motherboard or cpu or both are dead (old phenom 2) so i'm going to replace them, along with the ram obviously. I'm on a budget (a bit over 400 euros) and use the pc for gaming with some streaming, and that's it. Games would mostly be DotA2, 7d2d, total war series, some SC2 and a few other minor games...
I've been out of the loop for a few years and i've been reading reviews and informing myself of the latest stuff but still,i prefer other peoples opinion.

I was thinking of going for a ryzen 5 1600, with any decentish motherboard for OCing (i got a thermalright TS90m rev-a) lightly, not much just a bit to get that little bit extra performance, and the cheapest 16GB ram at 2666 mhz, because from what i've seen higher ram clocks make a big difference with ryzen. (and if i ever stream 7d2d i'll need those 16gb ram, that game eats it more then 500 tabs of chrome)

I can get all of that for 410 euros, which i consider decent and... pretty much exactly on budget.
Now i'm wondering if for what i want, downgrading to a ryzen 5 1400 is worth it, i'll only be streaming some DotA2 and a bit of 7 days to die. For this i doubt i need the 6 cores... but i prefer being sure.
And with the money won from this maybe step it up with a slighly better motherboard?
Or should i just go go for intel still? A few years ago i would've done this without a doubt but now with ryzen... just doesn't seem worth it.

I have an R9 380, corsair cx500 (yeah i should have got something better... i thought only my PSU had died, and i wanted a cheap replacement, since money isn't something i have a lot of right now, i already regret it) and the rest doesn't really matter.

So, what do you guys think?

Edit : i also forgot, another possiblity could be getting a last gen I5 with a DDR3 compatible motherboard... it would come down under 300 euros total but... i don't believe that'd be worth it at all. You guys tell me :p
Thanks anyways!
"What if it's a triple DK ?" "Then we cry" "Prepare your handkerchief then ..."
Fleetfeet
Profile Blog Joined May 2014
Canada2834 Posts
Last Edited: 2017-06-26 04:43:35
June 26 2017 04:43 GMT
#13042
I am (again!) trying to build a buddy something I affectionately refer to as a "steambox". He's a console gamer, knows little about computers and isn't terribly interested in having to muss around with settings and drivers and soforth. I recently moved my PC to our livingroom and have been playing on my TV, and he's shown a renewed interest in building himself a PC capable of running most of the things you could pick up on steam.

I have a vision of a cute lil' microATX case loaded with just enough juice to keep someone that's used to 30fps gaming happy.

But I'll fill out the actual form.


What is your budget?

About $1,000 CAD, no peripherals.

What is your monitor's native resolution?

I have no idea what his TV's native resolution is.

What games do you intend to play on this computer? What settings?

Dota 2 @ high settings
PUBG at medium settings, just as probable examples.

What do you intend to use the computer for besides gaming?

Nothing!

Do you intend to overclock?

Nope.

Do you intend to do SLI / Crossfire?

Nope.

Do you need an operating system?

Yep!

Do you need a monitor or any other peripherals and is this part of your budget?

Nope and nope.

If you have any requirements or brand preferences, please specify.

None.

What country will you be buying your parts in?

Canada!

If you have any retailer preferences, please specify.

MemoryExpress is accessible to me, but NewEgg or any other online retailer would also work.

Roughly, the build as far as I understand it:

CPU : Intel i5 6500 quad-core. Ish. I
Mobo : Some microATX that fits the cpu's chipset requirements.
GPU : Something in the ballpark of r9 380 / gtx 770
RAM : 2x4gb DDR4 2133 ish something something? These numbers mean little to me, other than higher is probably better.
PSU / case / etc are all determined by the stuff above.
r.Evo
Profile Joined August 2006
Germany14081 Posts
June 28 2017 02:11 GMT
#13043
I'm currently on a 970 and am debating upgrading to a 1080. I'm mostly playing on 2560x1600 and just recently ran into issues with a modded Fallout 4 run because (who would have thought) I'm finding myself run out of VRAM.

My preferred version (the Palit/Gainward) just recently dropped to ~520€ and I missed that, I'm tempted to bite if it drops below 550 again soonish.

Did pricing policies change recently? I feel super weird even thinking about buying "out of season" when no new generation came out recently but it doesn't seem unreasonable to just go for it within that pricerange. Is there something completely new planned for this autumn that would make me regret not holding on for a few more months?
"We don't make mistakes here, we call it happy little accidents." ~Bob Ross
NovemberstOrm
Profile Blog Joined September 2011
Canada16217 Posts
June 28 2017 02:58 GMT
#13044
AMD's vega is coming out in late july/august if you wanna wait for that.
Moderatorlickypiddy
NovemberstOrm
Profile Blog Joined September 2011
Canada16217 Posts
Last Edited: 2017-06-28 03:32:47
June 28 2017 03:30 GMT
#13045
On June 26 2017 13:43 Fleetfeet wrote:
I am (again!) trying to build a buddy something I affectionately refer to as a "steambox". He's a console gamer, knows little about computers and isn't terribly interested in having to muss around with settings and drivers and soforth. I recently moved my PC to our livingroom and have been playing on my TV, and he's shown a renewed interest in building himself a PC capable of running most of the things you could pick up on steam.

I have a vision of a cute lil' microATX case loaded with just enough juice to keep someone that's used to 30fps gaming happy.

But I'll fill out the actual form.


What is your budget?

About $1,000 CAD, no peripherals.

What is your monitor's native resolution?

I have no idea what his TV's native resolution is.

What games do you intend to play on this computer? What settings?

Dota 2 @ high settings
PUBG at medium settings, just as probable examples.

What do you intend to use the computer for besides gaming?

Nothing!

Do you intend to overclock?

Nope.

Do you intend to do SLI / Crossfire?

Nope.

Do you need an operating system?

Yep!

Do you need a monitor or any other peripherals and is this part of your budget?

Nope and nope.

If you have any requirements or brand preferences, please specify.

None.

What country will you be buying your parts in?

Canada!

If you have any retailer preferences, please specify.

MemoryExpress is accessible to me, but NewEgg or any other online retailer would also work.

Roughly, the build as far as I understand it:

CPU : Intel i5 6500 quad-core. Ish. I
Mobo : Some microATX that fits the cpu's chipset requirements.
GPU : Something in the ballpark of r9 380 / gtx 770
RAM : 2x4gb DDR4 2133 ish something something? These numbers mean little to me, other than higher is probably better.
PSU / case / etc are all determined by the stuff above.

https://ca.pcpartpicker.com/list/6DfDvV


total: $1,012
Everything should fit pretty well, i would recommend an ssd if not right now later down the line.
Moderatorlickypiddy
andrewlt
Profile Joined August 2009
United States7702 Posts
June 28 2017 17:56 GMT
#13046
I think I'm going to wait until Thanksgiving. I've been eyeing a few components but it seems hardware isn't going down in price fast enough compared to years past. The worst is SSDs. Samsung's 1 TB SSD seems to have been stuck in the $350 price range for 4 years now, with Black Friday/Cyber Monday the few times it has gone down.
Disregard
Profile Blog Joined March 2007
China10252 Posts
June 28 2017 21:37 GMT
#13047
Anyone that wants a 1TB 850 EVO it's ~$40-off on Amazon.

https://www.amazon.com/Samsung-2-5-Inch-Internal-MZ-75E1T0B-AM/dp/B00OBRFFAS
"If I had to take a drug in order to be free, I'm screwed. Freedom exists in the mind, otherwise it doesn't exist."
Fleetfeet
Profile Blog Joined May 2014
Canada2834 Posts
June 29 2017 05:18 GMT
#13048
On June 28 2017 12:30 NovemberstOrm wrote:
Show nested quote +
On June 26 2017 13:43 Fleetfeet wrote:
I am (again!) trying to build a buddy something I affectionately refer to as a "steambox". He's a console gamer, knows little about computers and isn't terribly interested in having to muss around with settings and drivers and soforth. I recently moved my PC to our livingroom and have been playing on my TV, and he's shown a renewed interest in building himself a PC capable of running most of the things you could pick up on steam.

I have a vision of a cute lil' microATX case loaded with just enough juice to keep someone that's used to 30fps gaming happy.

But I'll fill out the actual form.


What is your budget?

About $1,000 CAD, no peripherals.

What is your monitor's native resolution?

I have no idea what his TV's native resolution is.

What games do you intend to play on this computer? What settings?

Dota 2 @ high settings
PUBG at medium settings, just as probable examples.

What do you intend to use the computer for besides gaming?

Nothing!

Do you intend to overclock?

Nope.

Do you intend to do SLI / Crossfire?

Nope.

Do you need an operating system?

Yep!

Do you need a monitor or any other peripherals and is this part of your budget?

Nope and nope.

If you have any requirements or brand preferences, please specify.

None.

What country will you be buying your parts in?

Canada!

If you have any retailer preferences, please specify.

MemoryExpress is accessible to me, but NewEgg or any other online retailer would also work.

Roughly, the build as far as I understand it:

CPU : Intel i5 6500 quad-core. Ish. I
Mobo : Some microATX that fits the cpu's chipset requirements.
GPU : Something in the ballpark of r9 380 / gtx 770
RAM : 2x4gb DDR4 2133 ish something something? These numbers mean little to me, other than higher is probably better.
PSU / case / etc are all determined by the stuff above.

https://ca.pcpartpicker.com/list/6DfDvV


total: $1,012
Everything should fit pretty well, i would recommend an ssd if not right now later down the line.


Thank you!
Cyro
Profile Blog Joined June 2011
United Kingdom20344 Posts
Last Edited: 2017-06-30 04:23:28
June 29 2017 20:31 GMT
#13049
Vega looks like a surprisingly huge flop at the moment, AMD didn't send out review samples and then the people that got their GPU's early are seeing performance around 1070-1080 level with perf/watt 1.5 - 2x worse
"oh my god my overclock... I got a single WHEA error on the 23rd hour, 9 minutes" -Belial88
Garfieldist
Profile Joined June 2017
3 Posts
Last Edited: 2017-06-30 08:12:58
June 30 2017 08:09 GMT
#13050
I'm going to upgrade a computer I built 2012-ish. I usually have built entirely new PC's before but was thinking I'd save some bucks by reusing parts here. My question is whether or not people like to reuse their PSU in new builts? It's an XFX Pro Core 650W. Is it wise to invest in a new one if you can afford it or is it a pointless cost generally? Not sure how well they age.

Dangermousecatdog
Profile Joined December 2010
United Kingdom7084 Posts
June 30 2017 09:52 GMT
#13051
I think XFX uses Seasonic as their OEM which is very reliable. Usually PSU's are advertised as having a MTBF as 100 000 hours. I've never had a PSU die on me before, but I usually upgrade every 6 years, so that's not relevant.
Simberto
Profile Blog Joined July 2010
Germany11983 Posts
June 30 2017 10:00 GMT
#13052
On June 30 2017 17:09 Garfieldist wrote:
I'm going to upgrade a computer I built 2012-ish. I usually have built entirely new PC's before but was thinking I'd save some bucks by reusing parts here. My question is whether or not people like to reuse their PSU in new builts? It's an XFX Pro Core 650W. Is it wise to invest in a new one if you can afford it or is it a pointless cost generally? Not sure how well they age.



If your PSU is still fine, and fits the requirements for what you want to build, i don't see why you would want to exchange it. Unless it is a very shitty one and you want to get a new one anyways. You can just exchange the PSU if it breaks later. No point in exchanging it "just in case" imo.
Garfieldist
Profile Joined June 2017
3 Posts
June 30 2017 11:11 GMT
#13053
Ok, thanks, I'll keep it for the time being then.

Though having a modular would be nice...
MysteryMeat1
Profile Blog Joined June 2011
United States3292 Posts
July 01 2017 19:30 GMT
#13054
Hey everyone, I'm moving to northern virginia and ended up giving my old desktop to my dad.

What is your budget?

budget is a little flexible, since I'm moving my budget is a little flexible and need to buy all peripherals besides the keyboard. looking to spend around 1700 but always prefer to be cheaper.


What is your monitor's native resolution?

No monitor, looking to buy two, a nicer one for gaming and another one around 100 for a second monitor.

What games do you intend to play on this computer? What settings?

Looking to play most games maybe a few AAA games.

What do you intend to use the computer for besides gaming?

Might use it for some side projects, working with computer virtualization

Do you intend to overclock?

if its a better option

Do you intend to do SLI / Crossfire?

No

Do you need an operating system?

No

Do you need a monitor or any other peripherals and is this part of your budget?

need all peripherals and kind of included in budget

If you have any requirements or brand preferences, please specify.

none

What country will you be buying your parts in?

united states

If you have any retailer preferences, please specify.

none


Thanks for the help!
"Cause ya know, Style before victory." -The greatest mafia player alive
Purind
Profile Blog Joined April 2004
Canada3562 Posts
July 01 2017 23:57 GMT
#13055
Does anyone have experience/recommendations for a good gaming controller? I have an XBox 360 controller, which I do like, but I really hate the D-Pad. I like playing 2D platformers and shmups and find those games extremely difficult with an X360 controller (and a lot of those games are extremely difficult to begin with).

I have this controller:
https://www.amazon.ca/Buffalo-Classic-USB-Gamepad-PC/dp/B002B9XB0E

which has a nice D-Pad that I can use for Shovel Knight and Mushihime, while I use my X360 controller for 3D action games but for convenience, I'd like a controller that can do both, since not all games are compatible with my other controller

I've played around a little with the XBox One controller and while the DPad IS a lot better, it has a certain clickiness that seems to be designed for menu navigation more so than precise movement.

Overall, I like the feel and aesthetic of the X360 controller and I like how the buttons feel. It's just this one little thing that bugs me.

I don't mind getting an XBox One controller, but if anyone has experience with other controllers with a DPad that feels good for platformers, I'd appreciate any recommendations.

Pricing wise, $60-80 USD is a bit on the high side but I think I'd be willing to pay that if I was getting an excellent controller since I get tons of use out of it. I prefer controller to mouse+keyboard outside of RTS and FPS.
Trucy Wright is hot
r.Evo
Profile Joined August 2006
Germany14081 Posts
July 02 2017 13:32 GMT
#13056
My personal favorite all-rounder is the PS4 controller, you could give that a try if you see it in a store somewhere. Compared to the XBox 360 controller I prefer both the DPad and the triggers, especially for faster paced games.

Overall everything with it feels a bit more precise and responsive to me but I only really care for games like Bayonetta or similar titles where it actually matters.
"We don't make mistakes here, we call it happy little accidents." ~Bob Ross
Dingodile
Profile Joined December 2011
4139 Posts
July 02 2017 16:33 GMT
#13057
Bluetooth between 1 and 2
Bluetooth between 3 and 4
both bluetooth connects are within 1 meter radius, this shouldn't be a problem? I am doing this right now only problems when both are on in the same time.
Grubby | ToD | Moon | Lyn | Sky
Purind
Profile Blog Joined April 2004
Canada3562 Posts
July 02 2017 18:38 GMT
#13058
On July 02 2017 22:32 r.Evo wrote:
My personal favorite all-rounder is the PS4 controller, you could give that a try if you see it in a store somewhere. Compared to the XBox 360 controller I prefer both the DPad and the triggers, especially for faster paced games.

Overall everything with it feels a bit more precise and responsive to me but I only really care for games like Bayonetta or similar titles where it actually matters.


I think I'll go for this. I've played PSX and PS3 and I've played around with the PS4 one in stores. They all felt pretty good and the D-Pad was really nice. I just need to learn how to map everything properly to ensure compatibility with all games but that shouldn't be too bad
Trucy Wright is hot
Garfieldist
Profile Joined June 2017
3 Posts
July 03 2017 08:15 GMT
#13059
For any swedes here, anyone know a good place to sell used pc parts in Sweden? Blocket?
NovemberstOrm
Profile Blog Joined September 2011
Canada16217 Posts
July 08 2017 02:33 GMT
#13060
$380 CAD for a Ryzen 1700, sick price!!!
https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/B06WP5YCX6/ref=ox_sc_act_title_4?smid=A3DWYIK6Y9EEQB&psc=1
Moderatorlickypiddy
Prev 1 651 652 653 654 655 746 Next
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
Next event in 8h 11m
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
ProTech129
StarCraft: Brood War
Bisu 2770
Horang2 1134
Snow 658
Soma 467
Larva 389
Light 376
Soulkey 374
Stork 310
Rush 226
ZerO 189
[ Show more ]
hero 146
Zeus 91
910 83
Dewaltoss 77
Sea.KH 43
Sexy 32
Shine 30
Hm[arnc] 24
ToSsGirL 24
Terrorterran 21
Sharp 19
sorry 14
scan(afreeca) 11
Noble 3
Britney 0
Dota 2
qojqva3993
Dendi1147
Counter-Strike
fl0m571
x6flipin518
Super Smash Bros
Mew2King51
Other Games
singsing2260
B2W.Neo1028
hiko836
FrodaN489
Lowko434
ceh9368
Hui .255
DeMusliM233
Liquid`VortiX186
Beastyqt168
SteadfastSC110
ArmadaUGS98
KnowMe71
TKL 53
QueenE48
ZerO(Twitch)14
Organizations
Other Games
gamesdonequick958
StarCraft 2
WardiTV858
TaKeTV 48
Other Games
BasetradeTV38
[ Show 16 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• StrangeGG 76
• mYiSmile125
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• Migwel
StarCraft: Brood War
• Michael_bg 3
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Dota 2
• C_a_k_e 1898
• WagamamaTV508
League of Legends
• Nemesis2561
• TFBlade1136
Other Games
• Shiphtur95
Upcoming Events
Replay Cast
8h 11m
IntoTheTV X SOOP
19h 11m
Cure vs SHIN
herO vs Solar
Percival vs Classic
ByuN vs Rogue
OSC
1d 6h
Replay Cast
1d 8h
IntoTheTV X SOOP
1d 19h
Replay Cast
2 days
GSL
2 days
Replay Cast
3 days
GSL
3 days
Shopify Rebellion Sundays
3 days
Spirit vs Mixu
[ Show More ]
Replay Cast
4 days
Afreeca Starleague
4 days
Shine vs Rush
WardiTV Weekly
4 days
Monday Night Weeklies
5 days
Sparkling Tuna Cup
5 days
Afreeca Starleague
5 days
Light vs EffOrt
PiGosaur Cup
6 days
Kung Fu Cup
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

Acropolis #5 - TRS
Blizzard Classic Cup 2026
Big Dog Cup 2026 Div 1

Ongoing

KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 3
K-JUNGMAN
ASL Season 22
Super Anchor Qualifying S3
CSL 2026 AUTUMN (S22)
Acropolis #5
Calamity Invitational
FISSURE Playground #3
BLAST Open Fall 2026
Esports World Cup 2026
BLAST Bounty Summer 2026
BLAST Bounty Summer Qual
Stake Ranked Episode 3
XSE Pro League 2026

Upcoming

Acropolis #5 - GSA
Acropolis #5 - GSB
Acropolis #5 - GSC
SC4ALL II: Brood War
HSC XXX
Stellar Fest 2: Lunar Cup
SC4ALL II: StarCraft II
Kung Fu Cup 2026 Grand Finals
RSL Offline Finals
Copium Cup
PGL Major Singapore 2026
Stake Ranked Episode 6
BLAST Rivals Fall 2026
IEM Beijing 2026
Stake Ranked Episode 5
PGL Masters Bucharest 2026
1win Private Club #2
Thunderpick World Champ. '26
ESL Pro League Season 24
Stake Ranked Episode 4
1win Private Club #1
Logitech G Play Connect 2026
SL StarSeries Fall 2026
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Disclosure: This page contains affiliate marketing links that support TLnet.

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2026 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.