• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EDT 12:42
CET 17:42
KST 01:42
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
[ASL22] Finals Preview: Sweet Victory!9[ASL22] Ro4 Preview: Mirror Mirror6[ASL22] Ro8 Preview: Within Reach5[ASL22] Ro8 Preview: In A Tizzy11[ASL22] Ro16 Preview: Holy Diver5
Community News
Evil Geniuses - shutting down15ISSL (IntoTheTV x SOOP SC2 League): Premier5Weekly Cups (October 12-18): 5.0.17 era begins1[$1250] International ShieldBattery League77Weekly Cups (October 5-11): Farewell to 5.0.167
StarCraft 2
General
REPORT: StarCraft 2: Remastered In Development Evil Geniuses - shutting down How do you feel about the mass reverts in the 5.0.17 PTR? Team Liquid Map Contest #22: Results and Winners No more SC2 streamers on team liquid?
Tourneys
ScienceCraft (October 24-25) - Live Event Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament RSL goes to London! 2026 Offline Finals Nov 21-22 ISSL (IntoTheTV x SOOP SC2 League): Premier WORTEX Challenger Series — Open SC2 LAN in Budapes
Strategy
[H] ZvP Mid-Late Game: Stalkers Collossi HT
Custom Maps
[G] How to playtest arcade maps [A] Nemrods 1/4 players [M] (2) Sweltering Sands
External Content
Mutation # 549 Endless Sparkles The PondCast: SC2 News & Results Mutation # 548 Shining Bright Mutation # 547 Temple Of Terror
Brood War
General
Recent recommended BW games [Megathread] Daily Funny Videos Hands of Pluto Oceanic Brood War - Join and chat! Bot on ladder
Tourneys
[Megathread] Daily Proleagues [$1250] International ShieldBattery League [ASL22] Grand Finals [BSL23] RO24 Group C
Strategy
Cliff Jump Revisited (1 in a 1000 strategy) 50,000-Word Terran Builds Memo 2026-10-22 Simple Questions, Simple Answers
Other Games
General Games
Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread Nintendo Switch Thread Mobile Legends: Bang Bang Armies of Exigo - YesYes? General RTS Discussion Thread
Dota 2
Dota 2 Champions League Season 3 Begins April 25!
League of Legends
[TL LoL EUW IHs] Teemo shall perish
Heroes of the Storm
Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug
TL Mafia
TL Mafia Community Thread
Community
General
US Politics Mega-thread European Politico-economics QA Mega-thread Things Aren’t Peaceful in Palestine Canadian Politics Mega-thread Russo-Ukrainian War Thread
Fan Clubs
Reynor Fan Club The Flash Fan Club Serral Fan Club
Media & Entertainment
Anime Discussion Thread Movie Discussion! [Manga] One Piece
Sports
Football (Soccer) Thread TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023 MLB/Baseball 2023
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread
TL Community
Recent Gifted Posts
Blogs
Innovate or Game Over?
TrAiDoS
ShieldBattery on Mac
Kraekkling
[ASL22] Ro4 Day1 Ticket Giv…
bITt.mAN
Can Bots Beat Pros?? Starcr…
namkraft
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 10338 users

European Politico-economics QA Mega-thread - Page 1159

Forum Index > General Forum
Post a Reply
Prev 1 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1431 Next
Although this thread does not function under the same strict guidelines as the USPMT, it is still a general practice on TL to provide a source with an explanation on why it is relevant and what purpose it adds to the discussion. Failure to do so will result in a mod action.
Big J
Profile Joined March 2011
Austria16289 Posts
July 13 2018 10:42 GMT
#23161
Stalin would be proud of Westerners tearing themselves apart on the issue of conservatives wanting the state to take more and more control over the lives of people.
Or to quote Schumpeter: The March into Socialism. The conservative states and ever-growing firms are investing more and more money in preventing change, thus the capitalist system is transforming itself slowly into a centrally planned socialist regime. Just look at the increase in taxes overall and how they have been shifted more and more on the general public to prevent progressive creative destruction processes.
xM(Z
Profile Joined November 2006
Romania5299 Posts
July 13 2018 11:20 GMT
#23162
whoa dudes, take a step back and look at the circle jerk going on here for the last two pages or so; one stroke after the other then round it goes again 'til completion.

i'm really curious what mods think of echo-chambers. it looks to be the preferred method to keep things in check here.
make a bubble of same-minded individuals then enjoy leisure time during modding.
it's useless and pointless; just close /general if it's such a strain on humans resources 'cause the shit going on here is fucked up.
And my fury stands ready. I bring all your plans to nought. My bleak heart beats steady. 'Tis you whom I have sought.
Jockmcplop
Profile Blog Joined February 2012
United Kingdom10018 Posts
July 13 2018 11:30 GMT
#23163
On July 13 2018 20:20 xM(Z wrote:
whoa dudes, take a step back and look at the circle jerk going on here for the last two pages or so; one stroke after the other then round it goes again 'til completion.

i'm really curious what mods think of echo-chambers. it looks to be the preferred method to keep things in check here.
make a bubble of same-minded individuals then enjoy leisure time during modding.
it's useless and pointless; just close /general if it's such a strain on humans resources 'cause the shit going on here is fucked up.


Dude.
It was your decision to sign up for a marxist forum. If you didn't want to come here and talk about seizing the means of production why did you even come here at all?
RIP Meatloaf <3
SoSexy
Profile Blog Joined February 2011
Italy3725 Posts
July 13 2018 11:34 GMT
#23164
It has always been like that. If you state something different from the majority of this forum, they immediately jump on you as high school bullies. There are people who believe that they have the key to understanding the universe, that every other person is wrong because they can't see the sacred truth that they hold.

If a populist government were to cure cancer, they would probably say something like 'it's mostly propaganda and it is causing problem because many doctors are now jobless'. Fortunately, all they can do is repeat the same things in the hope that they grow louder - but the majority of people are tired of this shit, governments change and they can't wrap their head around this fact. Quite a funny spectacle!
Dating thread on TL LUL
Sent.
Profile Joined June 2012
Poland9332 Posts
Last Edited: 2018-07-13 11:35:30
July 13 2018 11:34 GMT
#23165
On July 13 2018 20:30 Jockmcplop wrote:
Show nested quote +
On July 13 2018 20:20 xM(Z wrote:
whoa dudes, take a step back and look at the circle jerk going on here for the last two pages or so; one stroke after the other then round it goes again 'til completion.

i'm really curious what mods think of echo-chambers. it looks to be the preferred method to keep things in check here.
make a bubble of same-minded individuals then enjoy leisure time during modding.
it's useless and pointless; just close /general if it's such a strain on humans resources 'cause the shit going on here is fucked up.


Dude.
It was your decision to sign up for a marxist forum. If you didn't want to come here and talk about seizing the means of production why did you even come here at all?


It wasn't a marxist forum when young and innocent Kickboxer joined it. E-marxists seized his means of funposting.
You're now breathing manually
Dangermousecatdog
Profile Joined December 2010
United Kingdom7084 Posts
July 13 2018 11:40 GMT
#23166
What do you think the majority opinion of this forum is? What's this about populist government? The Turkish government is a populist one, (mostly by killing and jailing everyone else), but I presume you don't cheer for him. Why not? You are just a stooge of the alt media! You don't "cure" cancer anyways, there is a million types of causes to cancer, that's like saying you "cure" infections. And why end your sentences like a Trump twitter? Sad!
Jockmcplop
Profile Blog Joined February 2012
United Kingdom10018 Posts
July 13 2018 11:46 GMT
#23167
On July 13 2018 20:34 SoSexy wrote:
It has always been like that. If you state something different from the majority of this forum, they immediately jump on you as high school bullies. There are people who believe that they have the key to understanding the universe, that every other person is wrong because they can't see the sacred truth that they hold.

If a populist government were to cure cancer, they would probably say something like 'it's mostly propaganda and it is causing problem because many doctors are now jobless'. Fortunately, all they can do is repeat the same things in the hope that they grow louder - but the majority of people are tired of this shit, governments change and they can't wrap their head around this fact. Quite a funny spectacle!


It must be confusing for you trying to act the victim while simultaneously gloating at everyone about how powerful the right is becoming.
RIP Meatloaf <3
SoSexy
Profile Blog Joined February 2011
Italy3725 Posts
July 13 2018 11:47 GMT
#23168
Except I am not voting for the Right. Try harder, Dumbmcplop.

User was warned for this post.
Dating thread on TL LUL
Dangermousecatdog
Profile Joined December 2010
United Kingdom7084 Posts
Last Edited: 2018-07-13 11:59:05
July 13 2018 11:54 GMT
#23169
Or the left. It doesn't matter to me. Both terms are near devoid of meaning outside pre agreed definitions. Dumb doesn't rhyme with Jock. Plus you just tried to mock a mocking name. Try harder!
iamthedave
Profile Joined February 2011
England2814 Posts
Last Edited: 2018-07-13 12:01:42
July 13 2018 12:01 GMT
#23170
On July 13 2018 20:34 SoSexy wrote:
It has always been like that. If you state something different from the majority of this forum, they immediately jump on you as high school bullies. There are people who believe that they have the key to understanding the universe, that every other person is wrong because they can't see the sacred truth that they hold.

If a populist government were to cure cancer, they would probably say something like 'it's mostly propaganda and it is causing problem because many doctors are now jobless'. Fortunately, all they can do is repeat the same things in the hope that they grow louder - but the majority of people are tired of this shit, governments change and they can't wrap their head around this fact. Quite a funny spectacle!


No, that doesn't happen. It's more if you say something stupid and refuse to back down when presented with ample evidence of your wrongness.

Unfortunately, many people choose to scream and cry oppression rather than look at the evidence of their wrongness and consider 'hmm, perhaps all of this evidence means my opinion might be factually inaccurate'.

And if you're the sort of poster who backs the mass death of people with different skin colours or ethnicities, then yes, you're going to get dogpiled. That's called being an arsehole.
I'm not bad at Starcraft; I just think winning's rude.
xM(Z
Profile Joined November 2006
Romania5299 Posts
Last Edited: 2018-07-13 12:04:55
July 13 2018 12:03 GMT
#23171
On July 13 2018 20:46 Jockmcplop wrote:
Show nested quote +
On July 13 2018 20:34 SoSexy wrote:
It has always been like that. If you state something different from the majority of this forum, they immediately jump on you as high school bullies. There are people who believe that they have the key to understanding the universe, that every other person is wrong because they can't see the sacred truth that they hold.

If a populist government were to cure cancer, they would probably say something like 'it's mostly propaganda and it is causing problem because many doctors are now jobless'. Fortunately, all they can do is repeat the same things in the hope that they grow louder - but the majority of people are tired of this shit, governments change and they can't wrap their head around this fact. Quite a funny spectacle!


It must be confusing for you trying to act the victim while simultaneously gloating at everyone about how powerful the right is becoming.
is there in your brain a part that doesn't see that as an act of a gloating victim?.
stuff like <but then what else could it be?> type of thing; just curious if you thought of it(the act) or recognized it before hand based on your vast online experience or something.
And my fury stands ready. I bring all your plans to nought. My bleak heart beats steady. 'Tis you whom I have sought.
SoSexy
Profile Blog Joined February 2011
Italy3725 Posts
July 13 2018 12:04 GMT
#23172
Your post is really stupid, mouse. First, your post-modern definition makes no sense because it could be applied to everything. Except that in everyday language, we mutually understand some concepts. Otherwise dictionaries wouldn't exist. Since things like 'definitions' exist, we have a sufficiently well-defined idea of right and left, enough to have a discussion but not enough to avoid edgy kids like you trying to sound smart. Second, I didn't want it to rhyme. WHere on earth did you take that idea?
Dating thread on TL LUL
SoSexy
Profile Blog Joined February 2011
Italy3725 Posts
July 13 2018 12:07 GMT
#23173
On July 13 2018 21:01 iamthedave wrote:
Show nested quote +
On July 13 2018 20:34 SoSexy wrote:
It has always been like that. If you state something different from the majority of this forum, they immediately jump on you as high school bullies. There are people who believe that they have the key to understanding the universe, that every other person is wrong because they can't see the sacred truth that they hold.

If a populist government were to cure cancer, they would probably say something like 'it's mostly propaganda and it is causing problem because many doctors are now jobless'. Fortunately, all they can do is repeat the same things in the hope that they grow louder - but the majority of people are tired of this shit, governments change and they can't wrap their head around this fact. Quite a funny spectacle!


No, that doesn't happen. It's more if you say something stupid and refuse to back down when presented with ample evidence of your wrongness.

Unfortunately, many people choose to scream and cry oppression rather than look at the evidence of their wrongness and consider 'hmm, perhaps all of this evidence means my opinion might be factually inaccurate'.

And if you're the sort of poster who backs the mass death of people with different skin colours or ethnicities, then yes, you're going to get dogpiled. That's called being an arsehole.


You are going too far there. I never said that.

But I can make an exception for people that like to accuse others of things they never said.
Dating thread on TL LUL
Jockmcplop
Profile Blog Joined February 2012
United Kingdom10018 Posts
July 13 2018 12:13 GMT
#23174
Meh.
I'm not going to sit here and trade insults.
I would say that if you're going to complain about the bullies on this site, then maybe its worth a try treating people with just a tiny bit of decency instead of all out balls to the wall insults all the time. Just to see if you feel less bullied in response like
RIP Meatloaf <3
Dangermousecatdog
Profile Joined December 2010
United Kingdom7084 Posts
July 13 2018 12:19 GMT
#23175
On July 13 2018 21:04 SoSexy wrote:
Your post is really stupid, mouse. First, your post-modern definition makes no sense because it could be applied to everything. Except that in everyday language, we mutually understand some concepts. Otherwise dictionaries wouldn't exist. Since things like 'definitions' exist, we have a sufficiently well-defined idea of right and left, enough to have a discussion but not enough to avoid edgy kids like you trying to sound smart. Second, I didn't want it to rhyme. WHere on earth did you take that idea?

No really. What does left mean to you? In what context? Italian, British, European, American? What does right mean to you? Is trump on the right? The US thread thinks he is, but he is applying economic left 1930s European ideology to trade. So what does right and left mean? It means totally different things to me and you and nearly everyone else in the thread and the wider world, such a useless term they both are that you are only capable to use it as a general perjorative and as an empty rallying cry. Instead of describing the policies and politics you disfavour and favour you say left and right, instead of being able to express what you truly mean, you say you are on the left andright, sometimes at the same time, whilst also deploring the left and right at the same time! So yes, for you, left and right is entirely meaningless, as your personal definitons don't match the left and right of anything in particular. Are we supposed to just bend to your defnitions instead of ours?

So sosexy, when you say that xyz government are propagating propaganda, why don't you write what you really mean? When you write that you state soemthign different, what is it that is different? When you state that populist government (what does this even mean?) are victims or media, state some examples. When you write that you dislike the left/right, why don't you write what are the policies you disfavour? You don't and you cannot, and instead you come up with left/right, and that's why they are meaningless. They are meaningless precisely because you are arguing with people before setting out what is meant by left/right with everyone in the world who have culturally different left/right.
zlefin
Profile Blog Joined October 2012
United States7689 Posts
July 13 2018 12:19 GMT
#23176
On July 13 2018 20:20 xM(Z wrote:
whoa dudes, take a step back and look at the circle jerk going on here for the last two pages or so; one stroke after the other then round it goes again 'til completion.

i'm really curious what mods think of echo-chambers. it looks to be the preferred method to keep things in check here.
make a bubble of same-minded individuals then enjoy leisure time during modding.
it's useless and pointless; just close /general if it's such a strain on humans resources 'cause the shit going on here is fucked up.

if you want to know what the mods think you should go to website feedback and ask there. or pm them directly.
maybe others find plenty of use in a discussion without the more problematic individuals. maybe it's not making an echo chamber, but just getting rid of the crazies. there's still a pretty large variety of viewpoints remaining.


I don't see a circle jerk, unless you're using that term so broadly that it would apply to a lot of thing sin general (and would undoubtedly then also apply to many discussions you have with like-minded people).
Great read: http://shorensteincenter.org/news-coverage-2016-general-election/ great book on democracy: http://press.princeton.edu/titles/10671.html zlefin is grumpier due to long term illness. Ignoring some users.
Plansix
Profile Blog Joined April 2011
United States60190 Posts
July 13 2018 12:24 GMT
#23177
People who complain about echo chambers always do it in the context of challenging views they disagree with, rather than having their own views challenged.
I have the Honor to be your Obedient Servant, P.6
TL+ Member
zlefin
Profile Blog Joined October 2012
United States7689 Posts
July 13 2018 12:27 GMT
#23178
On July 13 2018 20:34 SoSexy wrote:
It has always been like that. If you state something different from the majority of this forum, they immediately jump on you as high school bullies. There are people who believe that they have the key to understanding the universe, that every other person is wrong because they can't see the sacred truth that they hold.

If a populist government were to cure cancer, they would probably say something like 'it's mostly propaganda and it is causing problem because many doctors are now jobless'. Fortunately, all they can do is repeat the same things in the hope that they grow louder - but the majority of people are tired of this shit, governments change and they can't wrap their head around this fact. Quite a funny spectacle!

kickboxer was like that. thinking he had the sacred truth. you are too. most people are in general.

calling people high school bullies like that is an ad hominem; it's a way to dismiss their arguments without having to actually address their points. it lets you feel like you're a victim and the aggrieved party rather than admitting you just didn't know what you were on about.

The key to understanding the universe is known btw, roughly speaking: science, empiricism, rigorous analysis. ofc it's not a "sacred" truth, it's a self-evident one, which demonstrates its value.

a populist government is very unlikely to cure cancer. populist governments by their nature tend to collapse fairly quickly and cause some damage on the way, and not be focused on thoughtful policy. so long term research projects wouldn't be likely under them.

and if it did cure cancer, that'd be great; but there'd also be the question: did it happen due to the government, or did it just happen independently while they happened to be the ones in charge?
Great read: http://shorensteincenter.org/news-coverage-2016-general-election/ great book on democracy: http://press.princeton.edu/titles/10671.html zlefin is grumpier due to long term illness. Ignoring some users.
SoSexy
Profile Blog Joined February 2011
Italy3725 Posts
July 13 2018 12:28 GMT
#23179
On July 13 2018 21:13 Jockmcplop wrote:
Meh.
I'm not going to sit here and trade insults.
I would say that if you're going to complain about the bullies on this site, then maybe its worth a try treating people with just a tiny bit of decency instead of all out balls to the wall insults all the time. Just to see if you feel less bullied in response like


The general feeling of this forum is well-summarized by a thread that I was trying to find from many years ago. Is there a way to search all posts made by one user? I only see my last 50, if I can find it I'll share it with you and honestly, it is hard to ignore that toxicity.
Dating thread on TL LUL
SoSexy
Profile Blog Joined February 2011
Italy3725 Posts
July 13 2018 12:30 GMT
#23180
On July 13 2018 21:27 zlefin wrote:
Show nested quote +
On July 13 2018 20:34 SoSexy wrote:
It has always been like that. If you state something different from the majority of this forum, they immediately jump on you as high school bullies. There are people who believe that they have the key to understanding the universe, that every other person is wrong because they can't see the sacred truth that they hold.

If a populist government were to cure cancer, they would probably say something like 'it's mostly propaganda and it is causing problem because many doctors are now jobless'. Fortunately, all they can do is repeat the same things in the hope that they grow louder - but the majority of people are tired of this shit, governments change and they can't wrap their head around this fact. Quite a funny spectacle!

kickboxer was like that. thinking he had the sacred truth. you are too. most people are in general.

calling people high school bullies like that is an ad hominem; it's a way to dismiss their arguments without having to actually address their points. it lets you feel like you're a victim and the aggrieved party rather than admitting you just didn't know what you were on about.

The key to understanding the universe is known btw, roughly speaking: science, empiricism, rigorous analysis. ofc it's not a "sacred" truth, it's a self-evident one, which demonstrates its value.

a populist government is very unlikely to cure cancer. populist governments by their nature tend to collapse fairly quickly and cause some damage on the way, and not be focused on thoughtful policy. so long term research projects wouldn't be likely under them.

and if it did cure cancer, that'd be great; but there'd also be the question: did it happen due to the government, or did it just happen independently while they happened to be the ones in charge?



This is the forum that predicted a 'thermonuclear war in 6 months if Trump gets elected'...
Dating thread on TL LUL
Prev 1 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1431 Next
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
Next event in 7h 18m
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
Codebar 30
BRAT_OK 4
MindelVK 2
StarCraft: Brood War
Britney 25905
Calm 4624
Bisu 898
Horang2 763
Jaedong 478
EffOrt 309
firebathero 164
Barracks 105
Mind 81
Dewaltoss 65
[ Show more ]
Zeus 63
Snow 47
ggaemo 44
Killer 37
Sharp 35
910 25
Yoon 25
Bishop 22
Rock 20
Trap 19
scan(afreeca) 13
zelot 13
Shine 11
yabsab 11
Sacsri 7
HiyA 0
Dota 2
Gorgc13282
Cr1tdota1758
qojqva1298
syndereN366
Heroes of the Storm
Khaldor141
Trikslyr72
Other Games
B2W.Neo1369
hiko549
Beastyqt448
crisheroes415
FrodaN395
DeMusliM220
Hui .177
Liquid`VortiX137
QueenE48
kaitlyn17
Organizations
Counter-Strike
PGL41124
StarCraft 2
TaKeTV 3
[ Show 12 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• Migwel
StarCraft: Brood War
• HerbMon 19
• FirePhoenix13
• Pr0nogo 1
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Other Games
• Shiphtur682
Upcoming Events
PiGosaur Cup
7h 18m
IntoTheTV X SOOP
9h 18m
The PondCast
17h 18m
Kung Fu Cup
18h 18m
IntoTheTV X SOOP
1d 18h
SHIN vs GuMiho
Clem vs Classic
OSC
2 days
WardiTV Invitational
2 days
GSL
2 days
Epic.LAN
2 days
Replay Cast
3 days
[ Show More ]
Sparkling Tuna Cup
3 days
Epic.LAN
3 days
Yamato Cup
4 days
Map Test Tournament
5 days
WardiTV Weekly
5 days
Replay Cast
6 days
Rogue vs Classic
Patches Events
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

Acropolis #5 - GSC
Blizzard Classic Cup 2026
HCC Season 3

Ongoing

Acropolis #5
KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 4
International ShieldBattery League
BSL Season 23
PGL Masters Bucharest 2026
Stake Ranked Episode 5
1win Private Club #2
Thunderpick World Champ. '26
ESL Pro League Season 24
Stake Ranked Episode 4
1win Private Club #1
Logitech G Play Connect 2026
SL StarSeries Fall 2026
FISSURE Playground #3
BLAST Open Fall 2026
Esports World Cup 2026

Upcoming

IPSL Winter 2026-27
SC4ALL II: Brood War
BSL 23: Non-Korean Championship
HSC XXX
Stellar Fest 2: Lunar Cup
SC4ALL II: StarCraft II
Kung Fu Cup 2026 Grand Finals
RSL Offline Finals
eXTREMESLAND 2026
PGL Major Singapore 2026
Stake Ranked Episode 6
BLAST Rivals Fall 2026
IEM Beijing 2026
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2026 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.