• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EDT 00:14
CEST 06:14
KST 13:14
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
Serral wins HomeStory Cup 2915Serral wins Maestros of the Game 243ByuL, and the Limitations of Standard Play3Team Liquid Map Contest #22: Results and Winners7Code S Season 2 (2026): RO4 and Finals Preview12
Community News
GSTL Returns in 2026!31Weekly Cups (Aug 3-9): Protoss get shut out7RSL goes to London! 2026 Offline Finals Nov 21-2212Weekly Cups (July 27-Aug 2): SHIN's big week0SC4ALL II: Brood War - $2500 - Dec 5-611
StarCraft 2
General
GSTL Returns in 2026! Balance hotfix patch 5.0.16b (July 16) SC4ALL: II Talent Announcement! Protoss AoE skill expression Weekly Cups (Aug 3-9): Protoss get shut out
Tourneys
PIG STY FESTIVAL 8.0! (13 - 23 August) Sea Duckling Open (Global, Bronze-Diamond) 2026 KungFu Cup Announcement Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament RSL goes to London! 2026 Offline Finals Nov 21-22
Strategy
[G] Having the right mentality to improve
Custom Maps
Nexus Wars 2021 GUIDE [M] (2) Industrial Park
External Content
Mutation # 538 Media Blackout The PondCast: SC2 News & Results Mutation # 537 Hostile Territory Mutation # 536 Railroad Switch
Brood War
General
Best Games Kespa era [Personal Project Share] Terran Defense v0.60 BW General Discussion ASL22 General Discussion BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/
Tourneys
Escore Tournament - Season 3 Small VOD Thread 2.0 [Megathread] Daily Proleagues SC4ALL II: Brood War - $2500 - Dec 5-6
Strategy
Odyssey Mineral Stack Saturation Fighting Spirit mining rates Any training maps people recommend? Simple Questions, Simple Answers
Other Games
General Games
Nintendo Switch Thread Anyone here play Quakeworld back in the day? Stormgate/Frost Giant Megathread EVE Corporation General RTS Discussion Thread
Dota 2
Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
[TL LoL EUW IHs] Teemo shall perish TSM pausing esports and CLG Dead
Heroes of the Storm
Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug
TL Mafia
TL Mafia Power Rank TL Mafia Community Thread NeO.D_StephenKing vs This Guy From 1 Million Dance
Community
General
US Politics Mega-thread European Politico-economics QA Mega-thread Russo-Ukrainian War Thread Artificial Intelligence Thread The Letting Off Steam Thread
Fan Clubs
MarineLorD Fan Club The ShoWTimE Fan Club The herO Fan Club!
Media & Entertainment
Movie Discussion! Anime Discussion Thread Series you have seen recently... [Req][Books] Good Fantasy/SciFi books
Sports
Football (Soccer) Thread TeamLiquid Health and Fitness Initiative For 2023 NBA General Discussion Formula 1 Discussion MLB/Baseball 2023
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
Computer Build, Upgrade & Buying Resource Thread Simple Questions Simple Answers FPS when play League Of Legend on laptop
TL Community
The Automated Ban List Northern Ireland Global Starcraft
Blogs
LOCKPICKING NOOB
LUCKY_NOOB
Chinese Gen Z: Between Dream…
TrAiDoS
Cathedral Of CS And NY pizza a…
FuDDx
Please support my new stand…
Peanutsc
Hello guys!
LIN1s
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 3838 users

Brrrrrrrrr it`s cold here!

Blogs > Alethios
Post a Reply
Normal
Alethios
Profile Blog Joined December 2007
New Zealand2765 Posts
January 08 2010 10:11 GMT
#1
Hello all!

Arrived in paris yesterday, after a particularly hellish flight.

Don`t have long, and this keyboard perplexes me. Full report tomorrow, with tons of pictures!

I`ve been doing a lot of walking around, seeing the sights on the beaten path. Does anybody have any suggestions about things I must do while i`m here? I leave sunday.

Well wishes to you all,

Alethios

*****
When you arise in the morning, think of what a precious privilege it is to be alive - to breathe, to think, to enjoy, to love.
DwmC_Foefen
Profile Blog Joined March 2007
Belgium2186 Posts
January 08 2010 10:22 GMT
#2
Champs elysées? (sp)
And the Notre Dame is also cool, ( and dunno if Bastille is in paris but you should check that out too if it is ^^)
ANd yea I think it's one of the coldest winters in like 10 years or something
Mickey
Profile Blog Joined July 2005
United States2606 Posts
January 08 2010 10:30 GMT
#3
Isn't Europe going through a major cold spot? I seem to remember BBC talking about something like that.
DoX.)
Profile Joined December 2008
Singapore6164 Posts
January 08 2010 10:34 GMT
#4
iirc london had temperatures as cold as the south pole
QibingZero
Profile Blog Joined June 2007
2611 Posts
January 08 2010 10:50 GMT
#5
Yeah, in both Europe and the US there has been unusually cold weather recently.

Here in Florida it's been below freezing at night for about a week now. Possible snow (minor) within the next day or two even. Our highs have been about what the average lows are. It's unheard of, and most people aren't prepared. Many homes don't have heating systems that work in low temperatures (heat pumps suffice for usual winters), and there's quite a bit of damage to citrus crops. Exciting change, at least. I'm sure it makes all the snowbirds upset.
Oh, my eSports
Foucault
Profile Blog Joined May 2009
Sweden2826 Posts
January 08 2010 11:03 GMT
#6
On January 08 2010 19:30 Mickey wrote:
Isn't Europe going through a major cold spot? I seem to remember BBC talking about something like that.


YES.

Holy shit it's been so cold here the last week.
I know that deep inside of you there's a humongous set of testicles just waiting to pop out. Let 'em pop bro. //////////////////// AKA JensOfSweden // Lee Yoon Yeol forever.
pachi
Profile Joined October 2006
Melbourne5338 Posts
January 08 2010 11:12 GMT
#7
im dissapointed. i expected a blog about bring it on.
Moderatorpachi fanclub http://goto.tl/6DI9 。◕‿◕。
Nytefish
Profile Blog Joined December 2007
United Kingdom4282 Posts
January 08 2010 11:12 GMT
#8
Weather here messed up weekend plans ;o
No I'm never serious.
Captain Mayhem
Profile Blog Joined August 2009
Sweden774 Posts
January 08 2010 11:13 GMT
#9
On January 08 2010 20:03 Foucault wrote:
Show nested quote +
On January 08 2010 19:30 Mickey wrote:
Isn't Europe going through a major cold spot? I seem to remember BBC talking about something like that.


YES.

Holy shit it's been so cold here the last week.

Doesn't seem that much different to me, though :/
Well ok, if it stays at -15º C for more than two weeks I'd agree that it's slightly colder than usual. (Kalmar/Småland)
Gravity is just a theory anyway.
isbunk
Profile Blog Joined July 2007
Sweden1017 Posts
January 08 2010 11:15 GMT
#10
On January 08 2010 20:12 pachi wrote:
im dissapointed. i expected a blog about bring it on.

KIM TAEK YONG HWAITING!
Papvin
Profile Joined May 2009
Denmark610 Posts
January 08 2010 11:18 GMT
#11
Global warming has caused a climate shift!
"It's criminally negligent to dismiss Rock's contributions to other people's careers", Dukethegold
Caphe
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
Vietnam10817 Posts
January 08 2010 11:33 GMT
#12
Still cant imagine, how people can survive the -15 degree weather. I'm feeling Im going to die when it gets to -1 or -2 -_-.
Have fun with your Paris stay OP
Terran
fearus
Profile Blog Joined December 2003
China2164 Posts
January 08 2010 11:39 GMT
#13
I said there must be some Toros


in the atmosphere!
bisu fanboy
Liquid`Drone
Profile Joined September 2002
Norway28875 Posts
January 08 2010 11:41 GMT
#14
lol
it's been about -20 here for 5 days or so.. going outside kinda feels like someone punched you in the face.

-10 is managable but -20 - especially being next to the sea - is so fkn cold.
Moderator
Badjas
Profile Blog Joined October 2008
Netherlands2038 Posts
January 08 2010 11:59 GMT
#15
they promised something around -15 for the weekend, in the netherlands. We're out of road salt, yay...

My girls in finland are sitting in -25..

Oh summer.. couldn't you come sooner...
I <3 the internet, I <3 you
Itachii
Profile Blog Joined April 2008
Poland12466 Posts
January 08 2010 12:06 GMT
#16
champs élysées (dont even try to buy anything, expensive as hell),basilique de sacré-coeur,notre dame,louvre,any of the jardins,
theres alot to see, but if you wanna see the real paris just walk arround at the evenings to not so "popular places", just normal walk on the rues and avenues

and yes its rather cold in western europe atm, but lets be honest, its like that every year (except spain) but media have to talk about something after all haha
La parole nous a été donnée pour déguiser notre pensée
Pulimuli
Profile Blog Joined February 2007
Sweden2766 Posts
January 08 2010 12:07 GMT
#17
-30 C here (about -22 F)
disco
Profile Blog Joined June 2009
Netherlands1667 Posts
January 08 2010 12:14 GMT
#18
On January 08 2010 20:59 Badjas wrote:
they promised something around -15 for the weekend, in the netherlands. We're out of road salt, yay...

My girls in finland are sitting in -25..

Oh summer.. couldn't you come sooner...



Where did you get that idea? It's gonna be hovering around -3 at night and close to 0 in the day. According to the forecast atleast.
this game is a fucking jokie
QibingZero
Profile Blog Joined June 2007
2611 Posts
January 08 2010 12:19 GMT
#19
Britain is looking a bit smothered right now:

[image loading]

Oh, my eSports
MisterKatosS
Profile Blog Joined November 2002
France352 Posts
January 08 2010 12:46 GMT
#20
Hey , je suis Parisien

Welcome to the other side of the world !

I recomend :

Museum :
- Musée d'Orsay (personal favorite) a very good mix of painting classical and modern.
- Centre Georges Pompidou permanent expo.
- You can go to louvre if you loooove very classical art.

Restaurant :
-Cheap: Chez gladines, rue des cinq diamants, the best quality/quantity/price restaurant i know in Paris.
a lot of very good typical south west french food for like 8 €.
There is a catch : the service is much to much fast paced
You have to come at 7pm if you don't want to wait half an hour (or more) though, and once you've finish you are kicked out
Once out, you are very close to the "butte au cailles" a good place to drink.

-Fancy :
L'Ourcine
Adress :‎
92 Rue Broca
75013 Paris
Much more fancy but very very good, not so expensive for the quality of the food.
Be warn : you will have to take the 32 € menu ( wine NOT included) there is no alternative.
In the menu I recomand : velouté, porc braisée and fruit de la passion or bouchon au chocolat.
It was really delicious.

sightseeing : Notre Dame, montmartre and Luxembourg are touristic but must see. Never eat close to these places you will get horrible tourist food.


My web development company website : http://www.make-me-a-website.net My Youtube Channel: http://www.youtube.com/user/MrKatoss
MisterKatosS
Profile Blog Joined November 2002
France352 Posts
Last Edited: 2010-01-08 12:47:47
January 08 2010 12:47 GMT
#21
double post
My web development company website : http://www.make-me-a-website.net My Youtube Channel: http://www.youtube.com/user/MrKatoss
Badjas
Profile Blog Joined October 2008
Netherlands2038 Posts
January 08 2010 12:55 GMT
#22
On January 08 2010 21:14 disco wrote:
Show nested quote +
On January 08 2010 20:59 Badjas wrote:
they promised something around -15 for the weekend, in the netherlands. We're out of road salt, yay...

My girls in finland are sitting in -25..

Oh summer.. couldn't you come sooner...



Where did you get that idea? It's gonna be hovering around -3 at night and close to 0 in the day. According to the forecast atleast.

oh well good for us. that -15 figure was from yesterday or two days back I understood, I don't follow the forecasts myself.
I <3 the internet, I <3 you
deL
Profile Blog Joined March 2009
Australia5540 Posts
January 08 2010 13:38 GMT
#23
Toasty 30-34°C back here closer to home n_n
Gaming videos for fun ~ http://www.youtube.com/user/WijLopenLos
Zoler
Profile Blog Joined June 2008
Sweden6339 Posts
January 08 2010 13:59 GMT
#24
Middle of Sweden is -40 celsius right now (-40 farhenheit lol!)
Lim Yo Hwan forever!
Tuke
Profile Joined January 2009
Finland1666 Posts
January 08 2010 14:02 GMT
#25
Nothing too special here is East-Finland, usually around -15 to -25 degrees celcius. Much colder in north tho
TeamLiquid CJ Entusman #42
aqui
Profile Blog Joined January 2008
Germany1023 Posts
January 08 2010 14:53 GMT
#26
cannot...push...the..button..*knnrz
Puosu
Profile Blog Joined April 2007
7039 Posts
January 08 2010 15:13 GMT
#27
On January 08 2010 21:07 Pulimuli wrote:
-30 C here (about -22 F)

Similar temperatures where I live, its fucked up when a distance that would normally take you around 15 minutes takes double that because the fuckers can't manage to get the snow off the walking/bicycle roads.

And god damn well said about these temperatures feeling like being constantly punched in the face, not only that but my eyes start "crying" and the drops freeze around my eyes god damn.

fuck winter
banana
Profile Joined January 2009
Netherlands1189 Posts
January 08 2010 15:25 GMT
#28
On January 09 2010 00:13 Puosu wrote:
Show nested quote +
On January 08 2010 21:07 Pulimuli wrote:
-30 C here (about -22 F)

Similar temperatures where I live, its fucked up when a distance that would normally take you around 15 minutes takes double that because the fuckers can't manage to get the snow off the walking/bicycle roads.

And god damn well said about these temperatures feeling like being constantly punched in the face, not only that but my eyes start "crying" and the drops freeze around my eyes god damn.

fuck winter


Similar experiance here, happy it's not that cold, but with the humidity mixed in we get feel temperatures of -15/-20C, witch is just so massive compared to the usual wintery +0 or just below.

No salt on most of roads I need to take my bike to uni = massive glide fest while the weather is punching your face in. Oh good days to remember T_T (please let it end)
KwarK
Profile Blog Joined July 2006
United States44240 Posts
January 08 2010 15:25 GMT
#29
On January 08 2010 21:19 QibingZero wrote:
Britain is looking a bit smothered right now:

+ Show Spoiler +
[image loading]


Bad times.
Would be okay if there was any heating where I am right now. But no hot water is .
ModeratorThe angels have the phone box
Not_A_Notion
Profile Joined May 2009
Ireland441 Posts
Last Edited: 2010-01-08 15:47:03
January 08 2010 15:42 GMT
#30
Well someone has to say it
You gotta skate
Which for the first time is actually a viable option here for the first time in about 30 years, we have the best of both worlds in my neck of the woods, the place looks beautiful in the ice but the temperatures are pretty mild just in or around 0-2C during the day, night temperatures just around -9 C in the coldest areas, though that's farther east and may not be quite so pleasant. Of course people are still freaking out about it, but there is nothing new there.
IMHO, its pretty class where I am, all hail the North Atlantic drift
Not fun to drive on though
A worrying lack of anvils
Badjas
Profile Blog Joined October 2008
Netherlands2038 Posts
January 08 2010 15:48 GMT
#31
On January 09 2010 00:25 KwarK wrote:
Show nested quote +
On January 08 2010 21:19 QibingZero wrote:
Britain is looking a bit smothered right now:

+ Show Spoiler +
[image loading]


Bad times.
Would be okay if there was any heating where I am right now. But no hot water is .

Talking about no hot water...

A nephew of mine made a very stupid mistake. They went on a winter sport vacation a couple of weeks back, and thought it'd be a good idea to turn off the heating to safe some energy/money. They should have put the thermostat down to like 5 degrees Celsius, but they turned it off completely. When they came back they found their entire house frozen, and almost every water pipe burst. The walls in the house were drenched with water. Got some nice DIY job there..
I <3 the internet, I <3 you
sprawlers
Profile Joined June 2007
Norway439 Posts
January 08 2010 15:58 GMT
#32
On January 08 2010 20:41 Liquid`Drone wrote:
lol
it's been about -20 here for 5 days or so.. going outside kinda feels like someone punched you in the face.

-10 is managable but -20 - especially being next to the sea - is so fkn cold.

Hah, -30 here at the worst, and that's by the sea. Starting to get warmer now though.
Catch]22
Profile Blog Joined July 2009
Sweden2683 Posts
January 08 2010 17:01 GMT
#33
I dont know if it's much to see, but I always wanted to see the Pantheon, with Voltaire and all the others buried... Around -15 here right now, so yeah its pretty damn cold.

Gonna get warmer by the end of the week tho'.
eXigent.
Profile Blog Joined February 2007
Canada2419 Posts
January 08 2010 17:20 GMT
#34
It was -41 here last night with the wind chill. I had to walk to the store to get milk , and omfg talk about freezing cold. It's to the point where you take a breath in, and it shocks your lungs, and forces you to cough and cough. One of the weirdest feelings you can get from cold weather lol. The worst part is, I work 10hrs a day outside in this bullshit haha.
RaGe
Profile Blog Joined July 2004
Belgium9950 Posts
January 08 2010 17:46 GMT
#35
There's a shit ton of things to see in Paris. One of the less typical tourist attractions, and certainly worthwhile imo, are the Catacombs.

Might be even colder down there though.
Moderatorsometimes I get intimidated by the size of my right testicle
Lovin
Profile Joined May 2009
Denmark812 Posts
January 08 2010 20:39 GMT
#36
The Eiffel Tower! no seriously, I have no idea.. Haven't been to Paris since I was 7, but I do remember the Eiffel! In other news: It's a lot colder up north!
AKA SuddenSalad
CharlieMurphy
Profile Blog Joined March 2006
United States22895 Posts
January 08 2010 21:11 GMT
#37
funny, some guy on IRC was just complaining about how unusually cold it was in southern sweden (said it was like the north is).

[12:18] <grnp> holy fuck
[12:19] <grnp> all of sweden is fucking freezing now
[12:19] <grnp> not just in the north of sweden
[12:19] <grnp> :-/
[12:19] <grnp> sucks so bad


..and then I would, ya know, check em'. (Aka SpoR)
Klockan3
Profile Blog Joined July 2007
Sweden2866 Posts
Last Edited: 2010-01-08 22:02:50
January 08 2010 22:00 GMT
#38
On January 09 2010 02:01 Catch]22 wrote:
I dont know if it's much to see, but I always wanted to see the Pantheon, with Voltaire and all the others buried... Around -15 here right now, so yeah its pretty damn cold.

Gonna get warmer by the end of the week tho'.

-15 is quite normal in Swedish winters, we are getting off very lightly from this. Most other parts of the northern hemisphere are getting hit much harder than us. Just because the last two winters was uber soft and this one is just slightly colder than average doesn't mean that we have any kind of special situation. The heatings in every house works fine for temperatures like these, all the roads are free from snow and at least I got enough clothes to be able to walk in this for half an hour no problem etc, we are well prepared for this.
Alethios
Profile Blog Joined December 2007
New Zealand2765 Posts
January 10 2010 15:00 GMT
#39
Thanks for the advice guys. Paris was great, just arrived in Brussels!

First installment of my travel blog coming as soon as I finish writing it and uploading these photos.
When you arise in the morning, think of what a precious privilege it is to be alive - to breathe, to think, to enjoy, to love.
ruXxar
Profile Blog Joined January 2009
Norway5669 Posts
January 10 2010 15:59 GMT
#40
-46 registered here in norway. I work as a mail man, and when I went to work at 6 am saturday morning it was HELLA COLD.(-31C)
"alright guys im claiming my role im actually politician I can manipulate a persons vote during the day phase, used it on clarity last phase and forced him to vote for HF. full role name donald trump, definitely town sided". - EBH
madnessman
Profile Blog Joined May 2009
United States1581 Posts
January 10 2010 16:08 GMT
#41
Seriously? Paris? My sister is doing her travelling abroad semester in Paris and she (along with my mom) arrived on the 8th as well.
Friloux
Profile Blog Joined March 2009
Canada100 Posts
January 11 2010 00:43 GMT
#42
i went to Paris a few years ago - the eiffel tower was nice to see but I wouldnt wait in line to go up because youll be there forever. I loved the Louvre, but dont try to find the Bastille.. its not there really
I loved Montmartre, the view is beautiful and so is Sacré Cœur.. Pere Lachaise was also interesting but may be too cold for lots of walking?
"Practise what you know, and it will help to make clear what now you do not know." -Rembrandt van Rijn
Normal
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
Next event in 5h 46m
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
Nina 19
StarCraft: Brood War
Leta 168
Noble 58
Icarus 5
Dota 2
The International47650
Fuzer 181
NeuroSwarm173
League of Legends
JimRising 704
Counter-Strike
taco 395
Super Smash Bros
Mew2King131
Other Games
summit1g6596
WinterStarcraft378
C9.Mang0343
ViBE161
Maynarde135
Trikslyr29
Organizations
Other Games
gamesdonequick973
[ Show 12 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• Berry_CruncH186
• Hupsaiya 128
• davetesta27
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• Migwel
StarCraft: Brood War
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Dota 2
• C_a_k_e 1003
Upcoming Events
CranKy Ducklings
5h 46m
PiG Sty Festival
7h 46m
herO vs Krystianer
Solar vs Cure
IPSL
11h 46m
Sparkling Tuna Cup
1d 5h
PiG Sty Festival
1d 7h
Maru vs Shameless
Reynor vs TriGGeR
IPSL
1d 11h
OSC
1d 19h
Afreeca Starleague
2 days
Rush vs Hm
Bisu vs Shuttle
WardiTV Weekly
2 days
The Patches Monday
2 days
[ Show More ]
Afreeca Starleague
3 days
Sharp vs Shinee
Action vs Shine
PiGosaur Cup
3 days
Replay Cast
4 days
Afreeca Starleague
4 days
BeSt vs Paralyze
Jaedong vs Speed
Kung Fu Cup
4 days
The PondCast
5 days
KCM Race Survival
5 days
Replay Cast
5 days
PiG Sty Festival
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

Escore Tournament S3: W7
CranK Gathers Season 4: BW vs SC2 Team League
Eternal Conflict S2 Finale

Ongoing

KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 3
K-JUNGMAN
Acropolis #5
CSLAN 4
RSL Revival: Season 6
PiG Sty Festival 8.0
META DYMY #4
Esports World Cup 2026
Esports World Cup 2026: LCQ
BLAST Bounty Summer 2026
BLAST Bounty Summer Qual
Stake Ranked Episode 3
XSE Pro League 2026
IEM Cologne Major 2026

Upcoming

ASL Season 22
Escore Tournament S3: W8
Acropolis #5 - TRS
Blizzard Classic Cup 2026
Acropolis #5 - GSA
Acropolis #5 - GSB
Acropolis #5 - GSC
HSC XXX
SC4ALL II: StarCraft II
Kung Fu Cup 2026 Grand Finals
RSL Offline Finals
Big Dog Cup 2026 Div 1
Stake Ranked Episode 5
PGL Masters Bucharest 2026
Thunderpick World Champ. '26
ESL Pro League Season 24
Stake Ranked Episode 4
1win Private Club #1
Logitech G Connect 2026
SL StarSeries Fall 2026
FISSURE Playground #5
BLAST Open Fall 2026
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2026 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.