• Log InLog In
  • Register
Liquid`
Team Liquid Liquipedia
EST 09:48
CET 15:48
KST 23:48
  • Home
  • Forum
  • Calendar
  • Streams
  • Liquipedia
  • Features
  • Store
  • EPT
  • TL+
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Smash
  • Heroes
  • Counter-Strike
  • Overwatch
  • Liquibet
  • Fantasy StarCraft
  • TLPD
  • StarCraft 2
  • Brood War
  • Blogs
Forum Sidebar
Events/Features
News
Featured News
Behind the Blue - Team Liquid History Book7Clem wins HomeStory Cup 289HomeStory Cup 28 - Info & Preview13Rongyi Cup S3 - Preview & Info4herO wins SC2 All-Star Invitational14
Community News
PIG STY FESTIVAL 7.0! (19 Feb - 1 Mar)5Weekly Cups (Jan 26-Feb 1): herO, Clem, ByuN, Classic win2RSL Season 4 announced for March-April7Weekly Cups (Jan 19-25): Bunny, Trigger, MaxPax win3Weekly Cups (Jan 12-18): herO, MaxPax, Solar win0
StarCraft 2
General
Behind the Blue - Team Liquid History Book Clem wins HomeStory Cup 28 How do you think the 5.0.15 balance patch (Oct 2025) for StarCraft II has affected the game? Rongyi Cup S3 - Preview & Info HomeStory Cup 28 - Info & Preview
Tourneys
PIG STY FESTIVAL 7.0! (19 Feb - 1 Mar) WardiTV Mondays $21,000 Rongyi Cup Season 3 announced (Jan 22-Feb 7) Sparkling Tuna Cup - Weekly Open Tournament $5,000 WardiTV Winter Championship 2026
Strategy
Custom Maps
Map Editor closed ? [A] Starcraft Sound Mod
External Content
The PondCast: SC2 News & Results Mutation # 511 Temple of Rebirth Mutation # 510 Safety Violation Mutation # 509 Doomsday Report
Brood War
General
Can someone share very abbreviated BW cliffnotes? StarCraft player reflex TE scores BW General Discussion Recent recommended BW games BGH Auto Balance -> http://bghmmr.eu/
Tourneys
[Megathread] Daily Proleagues Escore Tournament StarCraft Season 1 Small VOD Thread 2.0 KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 1
Strategy
Zealot bombing is no longer popular? Simple Questions, Simple Answers Current Meta Soma's 9 hatch build from ASL Game 2
Other Games
General Games
Diablo 2 thread Battle Aces/David Kim RTS Megathread EVE Corporation Nintendo Switch Thread Path of Exile
Dota 2
Official 'what is Dota anymore' discussion
League of Legends
Heroes of the Storm
Simple Questions, Simple Answers Heroes of the Storm 2.0
Hearthstone
Deck construction bug Heroes of StarCraft mini-set
TL Mafia
Vanilla Mini Mafia Mafia Game Mode Feedback/Ideas
Community
General
US Politics Mega-thread Russo-Ukrainian War Thread YouTube Thread The Games Industry And ATVI Things Aren’t Peaceful in Palestine
Fan Clubs
The herO Fan Club! The IdrA Fan Club
Media & Entertainment
[Manga] One Piece Anime Discussion Thread
Sports
2024 - 2026 Football Thread
World Cup 2022
Tech Support
TL Community
The Automated Ban List
Blogs
Play, Watch, Drink: Esports …
TrAiDoS
My 2025 Magic: The Gathering…
DARKING
Life Update and thoughts.
FuDDx
How do archons sleep?
8882
James Bond movies ranking - pa…
Topin
Customize Sidebar...

Website Feedback

Closed Threads



Active: 2622 users

Iraq & Syrian Civil Wars - Page 117

Forum Index > General Forum
Post a Reply
Prev 1 115 116 117 118 119 432 Next
Please guys, stay on topic.

This thread is about the situation in Iraq and Syria.
zezamer
Profile Joined March 2011
Finland5701 Posts
Last Edited: 2013-09-04 19:29:46
September 04 2013 19:29 GMT
#2321
Obama's trying to save face which makes me think that the evidence they have isn't good enough...
dsousa
Profile Joined October 2011
United States1363 Posts
Last Edited: 2013-09-04 19:49:24
September 04 2013 19:43 GMT
#2322
On September 05 2013 04:29 zezamer wrote:
Obama's trying to save face which makes me think that the evidence they have isn't good enough...


He doesn't need evidence, he needs people to believe that he has evidence. They've tried to push this through just relying on their word that they have evidence. They haven't produced anything but Gish Gallop. I don't think they have any intention of really proving it, they just want the public to concede to it.

Distrust of government is at an all-time high, which is why the standard propaganda hasn't been enough to convince people.

This board is proof though that plenty are still susceptible. We're all susceptible, myself included, the onslaught is relentless. These politician are all lawyers and they are all arguing their case like their political lives depend on it.
dUTtrOACh
Profile Joined December 2010
Canada2339 Posts
September 04 2013 19:56 GMT
#2323
Russia and China won't agree to an action by the security council and will almost certainly veto any resolution to do so.

While the security council is supposed to be there to make sure people play nicely in war time, they also have an internal conflict of interests which renders them impotent. So, it all goes back to what other ways can this be resolved, and short of letting the Syrians solve Syria's problems there really isn't much the international community can do.
twitch.tv/duttroach
oranget
Profile Joined August 2013
Slovakia22 Posts
September 04 2013 20:15 GMT
#2324
http://www.globalresearch.ca/u-s-diabolical-design-for-syria/5347840
Zyufin
Profile Joined February 2011
United States85 Posts
September 04 2013 20:25 GMT
#2325
On September 05 2013 04:56 dUTtrOACh wrote:
Russia and China won't agree to an action by the security council and will almost certainly veto any resolution to do so.

While the security council is supposed to be there to make sure people play nicely in war time, they also have an internal conflict of interests which renders them impotent. So, it all goes back to what other ways can this be resolved, and short of letting the Syrians solve Syria's problems there really isn't much the international community can do.


I think following Sweden's example of blanket acceptance of Syrian refugees is a start.
AnomalySC2
Profile Joined August 2012
United States2073 Posts
September 04 2013 20:26 GMT
#2326
On September 05 2013 05:15 oranget wrote:
http://www.globalresearch.ca/u-s-diabolical-design-for-syria/5347840


And so begins the conspiracy theories. I trust Obama will do the right thing, not just for the US but for humanity as a whole.
DeepElemBlues
Profile Blog Joined January 2011
United States5079 Posts
Last Edited: 2013-09-04 20:28:10
September 04 2013 20:27 GMT
#2327
On September 05 2013 04:27 Nyxisto wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 03:53 HeartOfTheSwarm wrote:
On September 05 2013 03:10 Ghanburighan wrote:
I don't think you'll get very far if you believe Putin quotes. Watching his addresses is only marginally less damaging to one's brain as listening to Zhirinovski. Just to put a source on this, check out other things he has claimed to have done: Putin, the greatest truth teller in the world.


No wonder he goes along well with Bashar. Both are personality cult freaks


You are of course completely right, Putin is an ass, but his point on this matter is quite reasonable. If the US have hard evidence that Assad used chemical weapons, they should just present them in front of the UN, and Putin has stated in that case he would not blockade military action.


if you believe that i have a bridge in brooklyn you could make a killing on tolls once you own it

all i need is $250 for the processing and transfer fees
no place i'd rather be than the satellite of love
Klive5ive
Profile Blog Joined January 2008
United Kingdom6056 Posts
September 04 2013 20:27 GMT
#2328
On September 05 2013 04:27 Nyxisto wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 03:53 HeartOfTheSwarm wrote:
On September 05 2013 03:10 Ghanburighan wrote:
I don't think you'll get very far if you believe Putin quotes. Watching his addresses is only marginally less damaging to one's brain as listening to Zhirinovski. Just to put a source on this, check out other things he has claimed to have done: Putin, the greatest truth teller in the world.


No wonder he goes along well with Bashar. Both are personality cult freaks


You are of course completely right, Putin is an ass, but his point on this matter is quite reasonable. If the US have hard evidence that Assad used chemical weapons, they should just present them in front of the UN, and Putin has stated in that case he would not blockade military action.

But Putin will not accept evidence as evidence regardless of how concrete it is.
He will just say "not proof".
You can never be 100% sure of anything and he knows that.
Don't hate the player - Hate the game
Gladimor
Profile Joined August 2013
Canada2 Posts
September 04 2013 20:29 GMT
#2329
That chemical weapon was deployed by the REBELS, not by Assad. All the evidence pointed to the rebels. They even admitted that it was an accident on their part. However, the USA is so intent on raising their debt ceiling and expanding their western grasp to their east, those corrupt American Politicians would do ANYTHING to fill their pockets, whether be it topple a legitimate leader or cause hardships to the 23 million inhabitants of the sovereign nation of Syria. They are using the taxpayer's money to fund this ACT OF AGGRESSION. The USA has 4.5 MILLION people on FOOD STAMPS. Why dont they just solve their own problems before starting ANOTHER MESS???

User was warned for this post
"A picture is worth a thousand words." -Napoleon Bonaparte
Deleted User 137586
Profile Joined January 2011
7859 Posts
September 04 2013 20:33 GMT
#2330
There's a reason why smart people speak in gentle tones.

But honestly, stop spouting conspiracy theory nonsense while there's so much interesting to follow at the moment. For example, we can now see how Obama's gambit is making the GOP implode:

[image loading]
Cry 'havoc' and let slip the dogs of war
KwarK
Profile Blog Joined July 2006
United States43557 Posts
September 04 2013 20:36 GMT
#2331
On September 05 2013 03:54 Asymmetric wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 03:32 dUTtrOACh wrote:
The UN isn't about military retaliation against countries that violate their charters.

They impose economic sanctions, send peace-keepers, etc. I think this conflict has escalated beyond the ability to keep the peace and that leaves only sanctions and other economic actions on the table as far as Syria is concerned. If Obama or the US govt. think they can solve this matter simply by bombing the shit out of Syria from long-range they're simply wrong.

This isn't even about the credibility of International law. It's about the credibility of the Obama administration. International law says nothing about green-lighting military intervention by foreigners outside of peace-keeping roles just because a civil conflict has gotten way out of hand.


No it isn't

The entire point of the UN Security council was to provide the UN with the stick needed to discuss and enforce international security concerns post world war 2 after the league of nations completely failed to do so. It was specifically designed to have teeth and not repeat the spineless in-action that plagued the league of nations and contributed to complacency that led to WW2.

Economic sanctions are the worst of all worlds, they hit civilians indiscriminately.

Not true. The point of the security council is to make sure the UN can veto anything that threatens one of the 5 most powerful nations to avoid another world war.
ModeratorThe angels have the phone box
DeepElemBlues
Profile Blog Joined January 2011
United States5079 Posts
September 04 2013 20:38 GMT
#2332
On September 05 2013 05:33 Ghanburighan wrote:
1. There's a reason why smart people speak in gentle tones.

But honestly, stop spouting conspiracy theory nonsense while there's so much interesting to follow at the moment. For example, 2. we can now see how Obama's gambit is making the GOP implode:

[image loading]


1. That's sentimental nonsense.
2. How is that the GOP imploding? You've got the old line Clinton Democrats lining up behind Obama and the new wave young liberals against him, is that the Democratic Party imploding? No.
no place i'd rather be than the satellite of love
oranget
Profile Joined August 2013
Slovakia22 Posts
Last Edited: 2013-09-04 20:50:12
September 04 2013 20:46 GMT
#2333
On September 05 2013 05:26 AnomalySC2 wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 05:15 oranget wrote:
http://www.globalresearch.ca/u-s-diabolical-design-for-syria/5347840


And so begins the conspiracy theories. I trust Obama will do the right thing, not just for the US but for humanity as a whole.

why conspiracy theories? are you 100% sure that it weren't 'rebels'' ? who profit most from this chemical attack?
and the right thing to do is wait for what UN inspectors says
DeepElemBlues
Profile Blog Joined January 2011
United States5079 Posts
September 04 2013 20:48 GMT
#2334
On September 05 2013 05:46 oranget wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 05:26 AnomalySC2 wrote:
On September 05 2013 05:15 oranget wrote:
http://www.globalresearch.ca/u-s-diabolical-design-for-syria/5347840


And so begins the conspiracy theories. I trust Obama will do the right thing, not just for the US but for humanity as a whole.

why conspiracy theories? are you 100% sure that it weren't 'rebels'' ? who profit most from this chemical attack?


you're 100% sure it wasn't assad so what credibility do you have to ask people questions like that with your zero content one-liner posts that are usually just links to some of the most stupid websites on the internet or incredibly banal questions that you no doubt think are clever but really are just childish "gotcha" bullshit
no place i'd rather be than the satellite of love
dsousa
Profile Joined October 2011
United States1363 Posts
September 04 2013 20:48 GMT
#2335
On September 05 2013 05:36 KwarK wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 03:54 Asymmetric wrote:
On September 05 2013 03:32 dUTtrOACh wrote:
The UN isn't about military retaliation against countries that violate their charters.

They impose economic sanctions, send peace-keepers, etc. I think this conflict has escalated beyond the ability to keep the peace and that leaves only sanctions and other economic actions on the table as far as Syria is concerned. If Obama or the US govt. think they can solve this matter simply by bombing the shit out of Syria from long-range they're simply wrong.

This isn't even about the credibility of International law. It's about the credibility of the Obama administration. International law says nothing about green-lighting military intervention by foreigners outside of peace-keeping roles just because a civil conflict has gotten way out of hand.


No it isn't

The entire point of the UN Security council was to provide the UN with the stick needed to discuss and enforce international security concerns post world war 2 after the league of nations completely failed to do so. It was specifically designed to have teeth and not repeat the spineless in-action that plagued the league of nations and contributed to complacency that led to WW2.

Economic sanctions are the worst of all worlds, they hit civilians indiscriminately.

Not true. The point of the security council is to make sure the UN can veto anything that threatens one of the 5 most powerful nations to avoid another world war.


Note: not the 5 most powerful nations, but the 5 nations that opposed Germany in WW2.
DeepElemBlues
Profile Blog Joined January 2011
United States5079 Posts
Last Edited: 2013-09-04 20:51:49
September 04 2013 20:50 GMT
#2336
On September 05 2013 05:48 dsousa wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 05:36 KwarK wrote:
On September 05 2013 03:54 Asymmetric wrote:
On September 05 2013 03:32 dUTtrOACh wrote:
The UN isn't about military retaliation against countries that violate their charters.

They impose economic sanctions, send peace-keepers, etc. I think this conflict has escalated beyond the ability to keep the peace and that leaves only sanctions and other economic actions on the table as far as Syria is concerned. If Obama or the US govt. think they can solve this matter simply by bombing the shit out of Syria from long-range they're simply wrong.

This isn't even about the credibility of International law. It's about the credibility of the Obama administration. International law says nothing about green-lighting military intervention by foreigners outside of peace-keeping roles just because a civil conflict has gotten way out of hand.


No it isn't

The entire point of the UN Security council was to provide the UN with the stick needed to discuss and enforce international security concerns post world war 2 after the league of nations completely failed to do so. It was specifically designed to have teeth and not repeat the spineless in-action that plagued the league of nations and contributed to complacency that led to WW2.

Economic sanctions are the worst of all worlds, they hit civilians indiscriminately.

Not true. The point of the security council is to make sure the UN can veto anything that threatens one of the 5 most powerful nations to avoid another world war.


Note: not the 5 most powerful nations, but the 5 nations that opposed Germany in WW2.


Note: those 5 nations actually are still the 5 most powerful nations by a wide margin plus they are the 5 nuclear monopoly powers which is the real reason they have the vetoes and permanent member status.
no place i'd rather be than the satellite of love
radscorpion9
Profile Blog Joined March 2011
Canada2252 Posts
Last Edited: 2013-09-04 20:56:27
September 04 2013 20:53 GMT
#2337
On September 05 2013 05:46 oranget wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 05:26 AnomalySC2 wrote:
On September 05 2013 05:15 oranget wrote:
http://www.globalresearch.ca/u-s-diabolical-design-for-syria/5347840


And so begins the conspiracy theories. I trust Obama will do the right thing, not just for the US but for humanity as a whole.

why conspiracy theories? are you 100% sure that it weren't 'rebels'' ? who profit most from this chemical attack?


A few pages back German and French intelligence services declassified their evidence on the latest chemical attack (aug 21st) and both agreed that the Syrians were behind it, corroborating US intelligence that we don't have access to yet unfortunately. They linked to the reports so you should be able to read them.

I admit for a while there I was thinking that it was very possible that the rebels could have done it. But if Obama is trying to convince congress on nothing but his word I doubt he would expect much success. They'll probably declassify the intelligence reports soon. Unfortunately the UN report won't be of much use...as far as I know it just determines whether chemical weapons were used at all which is kind of useless.

It would be really great if through all of this Putin would lose more influence. He is such a cold war relic, we really need to move on from the Russia vs US mentality (and the whole support of middle eastern dictators thing). I know I know the US did it too, but in the present moment I see the US as a force for good in the world and applaud their stand. If only the rest of the world would do something too

edit: Page 112 to be specific
Nirel
Profile Joined September 2011
Israel1526 Posts
September 04 2013 20:59 GMT
#2338
There probably won't be any substantial action after they're taking so long, and honestly I think that after 100,000 dead an action is already warranted.
I fear for the Syrian people because it seems they're fucked either way, good luck to all of them.
Boblion
Profile Blog Joined May 2007
France8043 Posts
Last Edited: 2013-09-04 21:04:00
September 04 2013 21:02 GMT
#2339
On September 05 2013 05:50 DeepElemBlues wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 05:48 dsousa wrote:
On September 05 2013 05:36 KwarK wrote:
On September 05 2013 03:54 Asymmetric wrote:
On September 05 2013 03:32 dUTtrOACh wrote:
The UN isn't about military retaliation against countries that violate their charters.

They impose economic sanctions, send peace-keepers, etc. I think this conflict has escalated beyond the ability to keep the peace and that leaves only sanctions and other economic actions on the table as far as Syria is concerned. If Obama or the US govt. think they can solve this matter simply by bombing the shit out of Syria from long-range they're simply wrong.

This isn't even about the credibility of International law. It's about the credibility of the Obama administration. International law says nothing about green-lighting military intervention by foreigners outside of peace-keeping roles just because a civil conflict has gotten way out of hand.


No it isn't

The entire point of the UN Security council was to provide the UN with the stick needed to discuss and enforce international security concerns post world war 2 after the league of nations completely failed to do so. It was specifically designed to have teeth and not repeat the spineless in-action that plagued the league of nations and contributed to complacency that led to WW2.

Economic sanctions are the worst of all worlds, they hit civilians indiscriminately.

Not true. The point of the security council is to make sure the UN can veto anything that threatens one of the 5 most powerful nations to avoid another world war.


Note: not the 5 most powerful nations, but the 5 nations that opposed Germany in WW2.


Note: those 5 nations actually are still the 5 most powerful nations by a wide margin plus they are the 5 nuclear monopoly powers which is the real reason they have the vetoes and permanent member status.

Not the best explanation, the US were the only country with nuclear weapons when the Security Council was created.
fuck all those elitists brb watching streams of elite players.
Dazed.
Profile Blog Joined March 2008
Canada3301 Posts
September 04 2013 21:05 GMT
#2340
On September 05 2013 05:38 DeepElemBlues wrote:
Show nested quote +
On September 05 2013 05:33 Ghanburighan wrote:
1. There's a reason why smart people speak in gentle tones.

But honestly, stop spouting conspiracy theory nonsense while there's so much interesting to follow at the moment. For example, 2. we can now see how Obama's gambit is making the GOP implode:

[image loading]


1. That's sentimental nonsense.
2. How is that the GOP imploding? You've got the old line Clinton Democrats lining up behind Obama and the new wave young liberals against him, is that the Democratic Party imploding? No.
Lol, yeah, lately every political commentary I read implies the GOP is falling apart in a civil war. Obviously theres ideological conflict, but theres just as much conflict [if not more] in the Democratic party.
Never say Die! ||| Fight you? No, I want to kill you.
Prev 1 115 116 117 118 119 432 Next
Please log in or register to reply.
Live Events Refresh
uThermal 2v2 Circuit
12:00
Monthly #2 - February
WardiTV1057
uThermal462
IndyStarCraft 340
TKL 310
SteadfastSC206
MindelVK26
Shameless21
Liquipedia
[ Submit Event ]
Live Streams
Refresh
StarCraft 2
uThermal 462
IndyStarCraft 340
TKL 310
SteadfastSC 206
BRAT_OK 100
MindelVK 26
StarCraft: Brood War
Britney 51271
Calm 7691
Flash 2496
Soma 645
Horang2 638
firebathero 597
GuemChi 574
Mini 555
ggaemo 502
actioN 410
[ Show more ]
ZerO 242
Mind 202
Hyun 166
Zeus 141
Mong 120
Sharp 117
sorry 102
Last 98
Pusan 75
Sea.KH 60
Free 59
Yoon 53
Shuttle 49
Aegong 40
Barracks 40
910 34
Movie 34
Backho 32
IntoTheRainbow 31
GoRush 30
Shine 28
ToSsGirL 24
zelot 19
scan(afreeca) 16
Rock 11
Icarus 6
Dota 2
Gorgc4934
singsing3103
qojqva1898
Fuzer 301
syndereN6
Counter-Strike
fl0m2355
oskar46
Super Smash Bros
Mew2King94
Heroes of the Storm
Khaldor487
Other Games
B2W.Neo3260
DeMusliM266
Hui .229
KnowMe105
ZerO(Twitch)26
Organizations
Other Games
gamesdonequick1156
BasetradeTV105
StarCraft 2
Blizzard YouTube
StarCraft: Brood War
BSLTrovo
sctven
[ Show 13 non-featured ]
StarCraft 2
• StrangeGG 47
• AfreecaTV YouTube
• intothetv
• Kozan
• IndyKCrew
• LaughNgamezSOOP
• Migwel
• sooper7s
StarCraft: Brood War
• BSLYoutube
• STPLYoutube
• ZZZeroYoutube
Dota 2
• WagamamaTV248
League of Legends
• Jankos5974
Upcoming Events
WardiTV Winter Champion…
1h 12m
OSC
9h 12m
Replay Cast
18h 12m
Wardi Open
21h 12m
Monday Night Weeklies
1d 2h
Sparkling Tuna Cup
1d 19h
LiuLi Cup
1d 20h
Reynor vs Creator
Maru vs Lambo
PiGosaur Monday
2 days
LiuLi Cup
2 days
Clem vs Rogue
SHIN vs Cyan
The PondCast
3 days
[ Show More ]
KCM Race Survival
3 days
LiuLi Cup
3 days
Scarlett vs TriGGeR
ByuN vs herO
Online Event
4 days
LiuLi Cup
4 days
Serral vs Zoun
Cure vs Classic
LiuLi Cup
5 days
Sparkling Tuna Cup
6 days
LiuLi Cup
6 days
Liquipedia Results

Completed

CSL 2025 WINTER (S19)
Rongyi Cup S3
Underdog Cup #3

Ongoing

KCM Race Survival 2026 Season 1
Nations Cup 2026
IEM Kraków 2026
BLAST Bounty Winter 2026
BLAST Bounty Winter Qual
eXTREMESLAND 2025
SL Budapest Major 2025
ESL Impact League Season 8

Upcoming

Escore Tournament S1: W8
Acropolis #4
IPSL Spring 2026
HSC XXIX
uThermal 2v2 2026 Main Event
Bellum Gens Elite Stara Zagora 2026
RSL Revival: Season 4
WardiTV Winter 2026
LiuLi Cup: 2025 Grand Finals
CCT Season 3 Global Finals
FISSURE Playground #3
IEM Rio 2026
PGL Bucharest 2026
Stake Ranked Episode 1
BLAST Open Spring 2026
ESL Pro League Season 23
ESL Pro League Season 23
PGL Cluj-Napoca 2026
TLPD

1. ByuN
2. TY
3. Dark
4. Solar
5. Stats
6. Nerchio
7. sOs
8. soO
9. INnoVation
10. Elazer
1. Rain
2. Flash
3. EffOrt
4. Last
5. Bisu
6. Soulkey
7. Mini
8. Sharp
Sidebar Settings...

Advertising | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use | Contact Us

Original banner artwork: Jim Warren
The contents of this webpage are copyright © 2026 TLnet. All Rights Reserved.