P(x=r) = nCr * P^r * (1-P)^(n-r)
Now I can just plug shit in and get the right answer, but that's not the point since I'm trying to understand what all these terms mean. I understand the nCr and the P^r, the former being the number of ways to get r out of n objects (i.e. there are 15 ways to get 2 different patients out of a pool of 6 patients). P^r is of course the product of the probabilities (i.e. if each patient has a 60% chance of surviving, 0.6^2 gives the probability of two patients surviving). What I don't understand is the (1-P)^(n-r) part. What is it doing, and why is it needed?
Thanks!